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Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are diseases that require special treatment and therapy. Many factors affect the occurrence of failure of antiretroviral therapy (ARV). The purpose of this study was to determine the predisposing factors of loss to follow-up in HIV and AIDS patients with ARV therapy in Semarang. Subjects and Method: Observational research design, subjects were 70 respondents with the inclusion of HIV patients who were Loss to Folllow Up in VCT services in Semarang in 2018, ages 18-65 years. Predisposing variables consist of age, sex, education, occupation, marital status. The data on predisposing were collected by questionnaire, and Loss to Follow Up was based on medical records. The data were analyzed using Odds Ratio and Chi square with a Confidence Interval (CI) of 95%. Results: Most respondents who experienced Loss to Follow Up were male (64%), aged 34 years, as a worker and many were unmarried. Predisposing variables that influence Loss to Follow Up are age 18-35 (OR = 2.88; 95% CI = 1,061 to 7.84; p = 0.035) and occupation (OR = 3; 95% CI = 1,020 to 8,992; p = 0.042). Conclusion; predisposing factors to age and occupation increase the risk of loss to folly up in HIV and AIDS patients on ARV therapy.