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This study was carried out in Vinh Tuong district, Vinh Phuc province from February 20th 2019 to May 20th 2019 to evaluate the relationship between serum progesterone (P4) concentration and conception rate in dairy cows. In this experiment, 94 dairy cows were synchronized by Ovsynch plus progesterone-releasing intravaginal device and received fixed - time artificial insemination (FTAI). Blood samples were obtained to measure serum progesterone concentration on the 6th day after FTAI. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed on the 60th day later after AI by rectal palpation and divided into five groups according to the different P4 concentration threshold (Group 1: P4<1 ng/ml; Group2: 1≤P4<2 ng/ml; Group 3: 2≤P4<3 ng/ml; Group 4: 3≤P4<4 ng/ml and Group 5: P4≥4 ng/ml). The result showed that average progesterone concentration recorded 3.638 ± 0.233ng/ml (fluctuated from 0.0503 to 10.755 ng/ml), the higher P4 concentration, the more dairy cows get pregnancy (P<0.05). The conception rate of dairy cows of the group 5 was found to be the highest one among the chosen five groups, slightly higher than that of Group 4 and Group 3, with the rate of 64.52%, 60.87% and 42.11%, respectively. The figure given for Group 1 was the lowest, with only 22.22% and slightly lower than the corresponding figure of Group 2 (25%).