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Effect of Urea in Total Mixed Ration and Its Silage on Friesian Holstein Bull Calves Performance
A. Wahyudi1, S.N.W. Mulatmi2, A. Prima2, L. Hendraningsih2

1Department of Agriculture Sciences, Directorate of Program Pascasarjana, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Jl Raya Tlogomas 246 Malang 65144, Indonesia
2Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Jl Raya Tlogomas 246 Malang 65144, Indonesia


Abstract

Background Dairy bull calves like friesien holstein (FH) has a potential as meat producer. Due to the genetic properties FH has better ADG than Ongole, (1.03 kg vs 0.81 kg) in intensive farming system. To reach optimum growth, bull calves require adequate nutrition. Giving total mixed ration (TMR) to bull calves was an effort to provide all nutrient in a singe feed. TMR provision can reduce feed selective and indigestion incident, stabilize rumen pH, and optimize feed utilization. TMR silages was fermented feed by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to prolong feed shelf due minimize nutrient damage from feed in fresh or wet condition. Xu et al. (2010) state that TMR silage can reduce energy costs associated with the process of drying and transporting wet products, and facilitating preservation in a silo containing various waste products from the food and/or agriculture industry. By products that are not palatable may be included in the ration, because the ensilage process can improve the smell and taste of by product material (Xu et al 2007, 2008). TMR silage was reported have a high digestibility and intake of dry matter in ruminants (Shioya, 2008). Agriculture by products consireded as cheapest feedstuff that could be used as carbohydrate sources in total mix ration for ruminants, but lack of protein content. To met animal requirements, urea was the easiest source to be added. Previous studies showed that urea could be added as many as 5% from feed dry matter. Aims: Evaluate the use urea on total mixed ration (TMR) and its silage on performance of post weaning Friesian Holstein (FH) bull calf. Material and Methods: Twentyseven of 6 to 7 months bulls were divided into 3 weight groups: small group calves S (100 – 105kg), moderate group M (111 – 116kg), and large group L(123 -133kg). Each group consisted 9 bulls to received 3 feed treatments T1 was total mixed ration (TMR) containing 1.5% urea, S2: TMR silage with 1.5%, and C0 was conventional feed contain concentrate and forage without urea. The measured parameters were intake, daily gain, feed conversion, and feed efficiency Bulls were are kept for three months. Feed intake were recorded every weeks and ADG were measured at 6, 8, and 10 weeks Results: This study showed that 1.5% urea in TMR has equivalent effect to conventional feed in all measured parameters, and was higher than in its silage form. Body weight also influent feed intake, daily gain, feed conversion, and efficiency, the bigger bulls consumed more TMR than the others feed. On the other hand smaller bull consume more silage Conclusion: It could be concluded that the form of urea in feed and body weight affected the level of feed intake, ADG, conversion, and feed efficiency. Acknowledgment Refference Shioya S (2008) Future prospects of TMR center based on selfsupplying feed. Jpn J Grassl Sci 54: 178–181. Xu C C, Cai Y, Zhang J and Ogawa M. 2007. Fermentation quality and nutritive value of

Keywords: Urea, TMR, Silage, Friesian Holstein, Bull calves, Productivity

Topic: Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/b4tTPGmjQNev

Conference: International Conference on Bioenergy and Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture Technology (ICONBEAT 2019)

Plain Format | Corresponding Author (ahmad wahyudi)

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