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Background; The level of knowledge and perception is thought to be a factor affecting the compliance of HIV / AIDS patients in undergoing antiretroviral therapy. This study aims to prove the correlation between these variables. Methods; This research is a cross sectional analytic observational study. A total of 62 HIV / AIDS patients in RSUD KRT Setjonegoro Wonosobo were involved in the study. The instruments used in the study were 21 questions that measured perception and knowledge. The compliance variable was measured using 8 MMAS questions. Testing the relationship between variables with logistic regression analysis. Result; Patients with good perception had 18.24 times greater compliance with therapy than those who had poor perception. The relationship was significant (p = 0.060; OR = 18.24; 95% CI 1.69 to 270.86). The level of good knowledge was 19.31 times more likely to be adherent to therapy than the group with less knowledge. The relationship was significant (p = 0.014; OR = 19.21; CI95% 1.13 to 248, 574).