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This paper aims to examine the effectiveness Slum Area Social Rehabilitation Program (RSDK program) has empowered its target communities to improve social economic walfare based on community participation. This research is important because it is densely populated in urban areas that cannot be separated from the problems of slums and poverty. To overcome the problem of slums and poverty, the Surabaya City government created an innovation, namely the Slum Area Social Rehabilitation Program (RSDK Program) . With a some of purpose including improving the quality of the socio-economic life of poor families in slum areas and improving the quality of residential environments. The RSDK program is run by the Social Service Office of the City of Surabaya by involving the Surabaya Mayor Regulation Number 41 of 2015 concerning the Guidelines for the Implementation of the Surabaya City RSDK Program. The RSDK program is a Community Based Development (CBD) program to empower local residents so that they can improve their socio-economic and environmental conditions independently and sustainably. This program is formulated and implemented using a bottom up approach where the implementation of activities in the field is carried out at the initiative and aspirations of the community. This research employed qualitative descriptive approach involving observation, documentation, and interview at least 7 informant. This paper focuses on the effectiveness of implementing the RSDK program as an effort to empower the community to create social and economic welfare. The findings reveal that the RSDK Program has been running well from 2003 to the present but is still within the scope of physical improvement of the home environment. Data shows that the RSDK Program has not yet achieved other goals, namely the realization of Community Based Development in order to improve the quality of residential environments, especially the socio-economic conditions of the community, especially in poor families and the goal of community empowerment with the creation of small businesses to support the family economy.