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This study aims to analyze the internal and external factors that determine the efficiency of sharia banking in Indonesia. The this research used Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis. In the first stage, this research ellaborated efficiency by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach and the second stage is regression analysis of Tobit Model. The results indicate (i) the efficiency level of Sharia Commercial Bank during the research period is categorized as less efficient, that is because assets and market share still small. And (ii) the internal factors that determine the efficiency are asset and ROA, they have significant negative effect. Meanwhile, the external factors determining the efficiency are GDP, inflation, and market share, they have significant positive effect. The important findings for Sharia Commercial Banks managers that assets unprofitable because assets have not been managed optimally, so that inefficiencies occur. Meanwhile stable external factors will improve bank efficiency.