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Myrmecodia pendens bulb extract in the Clarias gariepinus feed: Effects on the growth performance, visceral indices, and survival
Rudianto, Rudy Agung Nugroho, Yanti Puspita Sari, Esti Handayani Hardi, Retno Aryani, Hetty Manurung, Annisa Mukarramah, Ayuliandha Rahdantya Putri

1, 2, 5, 7, 8 Animal Physiology, Development, and Molecular Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Mulawarman University. Samarinda, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.
(rudi_rsc[at]yahoo.com, rudysatriana[at]yahoo.com, retno_ar[at]yahoo.co.id, annisamukarramah26[at]gmail.com,
ayulianda_putri[at]yahoo.co.id)
6Plant Physiology and Development Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Mulawarman University. Samarinda, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA
(hetty_manroe[at]ymail.com)
3Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA
(ypsman2002[at]yahoo.com)
4Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Mulawarman University. East Kalimantan, INDONESIA
(estieriyadi2011[at]gmail.com)


Abstract

INTRODUCTION Ant nest plant (Myrmecodia sp) is a medicinal plant that contains bioactive compounds such as glycoside, vitamin, mineral, flavonoid, tocopherol, polyphenol and tannin1 which are useful as antioxidant and anticancer. The ant-nest plant also has a high antioxidant activity and medical property2. Previous report stated that the ant-nest plant enhanced growth and blood profiles of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus3, boosted lymphocytes proliferation and macrophage phagocytosis activity 4. Thus, the extract of this ant-nest plant might be potential to be applied as growth enhancer in fish such as Clarias gariepinus. Current research aimed to evaluate the effects of Myrmecodia sp bulb extract (MBE) in the feed of Clarias gariepinus on the growth, visceral índices (hepatosomatic indices/HSI and intestinal somatic índice/ISI), and survival. A group of fish was fed with 0.25; 0.50; 1; 2% MBE (test diet groups) and compared with the control group without MBE supplementation. Five groups including control of three replications (tanks) of fifteen fish (initial weight 27.48±0.16 g) per tank were fed the test and control diets for 75 days. In the end of feeding trial, growth parameters, visceral indices such as intestinosomatic and hepatosomatic índices of the fish were measured. Survival of the all fish was counted every two weeks. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Present findings stated that supplementation MBE higher than 0.25% resulted significantly higher Final weight, biomass weight, BWG, DWG, and AWG. Fish fed 1% of MBE in the diet showed better value of FCR (1.13±0.03) compare to others group. Significantly highest HIS found in the fish fed 0.25% MBE in the diet. However. ISI was found not significantly in any groups of fish fed MBE. Survival rate of all groups was not affected by any concentration of MBE supplementation in the diet of fish. The application of plant extracts in aquaculture to enhance growth has been gaining momentum 5. Plant extracts have several important biologically active compounds such as a flavonoid, alkaloid, triterpenoid, phenolic and tannin 6. The results showed that the MBE supplemented in the diet of C. gariepinus affected their growth status. This might be due to the presence of phytochemical compounds such as flavonoid which is an important secondary metabolite. Table 1. Means±SE of growth parameters and visceral somatic index of Clarias gariepinus fed Myrmecodia pendens bulb ethanolic extract in the diet for 75 days Parameters MBE Supplementation Control 0.25% 0.5% 1% 2% IW (g) 27.38±0.44a 27.24±0.47a 27.68±0.42a 27.53±0.61a 27.54±0.47a FW (g) 85.09±1.23a 86.81±1.90a 142.26±1.62b 138.99±1.81b 137.38±1.10b IBW (g) 412.46±0.27a 411.40±0.24a 394.10±1.67a 413.42±1.71a 413.16±1.14a FBW (g) 1242.38±33.14a 1281.85±21.81a 2021.35±91.71b 2024.38±40.34b 1987.48±26.05b BWG 57.59±1.23a 59.39±1.90a 114.75±1.53b 111.42±3.92b 109.84±1.11b DWG 0.76±0.01a 0.79±0.02a 1.53±0.02b 1.4

Keywords: Keywords: Myrmecodia pendens, bulb, Clarias gariepinus, growth, visceral, survival.

Topic: Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/mtxh2aMuReQP

Conference: International Conference on Bioenergy and Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture Technology (ICONBEAT 2019)

Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rudianto Rudianto)

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