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Background: Indonesia faces challenges from the increasing burden from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). NCDs are now the major causes of mortality and morbidity in Indonesia, with increasing cost for treatment. Two of the main modifiable risk factors for NCDs are smoking and alcohol consumption, and can be the target for early intervention. This study aims to assess the prevalence and patterns of smoking and alcohol consumption among Indonesian male youth: one of the key population in NCDs prevention. Methods: Data from Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017 was analyzed. A total of 13,079 male age 15-24 years old were interviewed, with relatively low missing data (0.05%). Smoking and alcohol consumption were obtained from questionnaire based interview. The IDHS 2017 further collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, including age, education, and area of residence. Results: The smoking prevalence among Indonesian male youth were 48.7%, with higher prevalence in rural area (50.5%) compared to urban area (47.2%). An alarming rate of 77.5% male youth had tried smoking, with almost 21% tried smoking during elementary school-age (<13 years old), and 75% tried smoking during secondary school-age (13-18 years old). Approximately 37% of male youth had drunk alcohol, although only less than 2% drank alcohol more than 30 days in the past three months. Similar to smoking, most (85.1%) of the male youth first tried drinking alcohol during school-aged years. Conclusion: The prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption in Indonesia is relatively high, with school-aged children susceptible for initiation of smoking. Intervention to reduce these health-risk behavior should be aimed at school-aged children. School-based intervention intertwined with family and community support might be an effective strategy to reduce smoking and alcohol consumption among Indonesian male youth.