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Patients who visited the dental clinic complained of oral mucosa ulcus due to trauma, chemical or infection were around 27%. The topical drug available was relatively expensive. It might have side effects for hypersensitive patients. An alternative drug with same efficacy, safe and affordable price was needed. Some research on mangosteen rind showed therapeutic effect as an anti-inflammatory. Objective was to determine role of mangosteen rind paste toward COX (Cyclooxygenase) 2 expression and macrophage on oral mucosa ulcus healing process. This study was an experimental research with 36 male Wistar rats, 3 treatment groups (oral mucosa ulcus due to trauma, chemical and infection) smeared with mangosteen rind paste and 3 control groups. Each group was decapitated on the 3rd, 7th and 10th day and observed microscopically. Data obtained were carried out by statistical tests. Result showed role of mangosteen peel paste significantly reduced COX2 expression and macrophages (p <0.05). Usage of mangosteen rind paste topically could accelerate healing process and prevent excessive inflammation in oral mucosa ulcus