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Rice problems in Indonesia related to handling yields to consumers often lead to inequality of results for farmers as the main tier in rice production. The length of the supply chain, poor inventory management and the absence of interrelated supply-demand management make supply chain actors not integrated and inefficient. This study aim is to conduct re-engineering process of the supply chain and distribution of rice in the Province of Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in order to provide an overview and policy recommendations as an effort to increase farmers income and reasonable price fixing of rice for consumers. The technique of data collection is carried out by conducting surveys, interviews, observation and documentation. The results showed that from the five regency sampled, Demak, Sukoharjo, Klaten, Bantul and Sleman, they had the same supply chain map, which included farmers; collectors / grinders / traders; small retailer; big retailer. Regarding the rice supply chain that is symmetrical, it is not necessary to cut off the chain of tier but by applying a more balanced business pattern by promoting symmetrical information patterns. The impact of using mechanization was increasing production and income of farmers in Klaten, Sleman, Demak, Sukoharjo and Bantul, has a positive impact to reducing time for operations in the field and decreasing operational costs.