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The study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of using total physical response in improving vocabulary mastery of private Islamic junior high school students in Semarang. In this study, the researchers used quasi experimental research design which included pre-test, treatments and post-test. Population in this research choosen by the researchers was 129 seventh grade students of an Islamic private junior high school in Semarang. Meanwhile, two classes of that grade were taken as the sample. In collecting data, the researchers used test of vocabulary. SPSS measurement system was used to analyze the collected data. The result of the study showed that the pretest mean score of experimental group was 51.54 while the pretest mean score of the control group was 50.46. After the treatments, the posttest mean score of experimental group was 76.31 while the posttest mean score of the control group was 63.85. It can be said that there was a significant difference between experimental class and control class in the result of postest. It was supported by the Sig. (2-tailed) was 0.000 (< 0.05). So Ha was accepted meaning that there was a significant difference in the mean score of students-s vocabulary test achievement between experimental group and control group. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of total physical response was effective to improve private Islamic junior high school students-vocabulary mastery.