Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Naniek Utami Handayani

Institutions
Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University
*naniekh[at]ft.undip.ac.id

Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University

Abstract
Climate change due to rising greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and resource depletion is one of the major challenges of the twenty-first century. Construction waste is not only associated with energy use and waste of materials in the construction process, but also other activities that do not add value such as repair, waiting time and delays. Concepts such as waste and value are not well understood by construction personnel. They often do not realize that many activities they carry out do not add value to the work. These issues contribute to a reduction in the value of construction productivity and could reduce company performance. The aim of this GSCM study on the construction sector are to identify the drivers/motives of stakeholders are for implementing green practices; and the barriers/ challenges faced by stakeholders are in the implementation of these practices. The research methods are literature study (deductive methods) and fields observation (inductive methods) where the experts are going to be asked to contribute their opinions related to barrier and driver to implement the Green Supply Chain management (GSCM) in construction.

Keywords
Green Supply Chain Management, Construction, Driver, Barrier

Topic
Civil Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gDcLvKPm7tjr

Corresponding Author
Kusdianto Kusdianto

Institutions
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya, Indonesia 60111
2Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 4-1, Kagamiyama 1-chome, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan


*Email: swinardi[at]chem-eng.its.ac.id

Abstract
The development of nanoparticle technology is growing continuously for wide range applications, one of which is fabrication of semiconductor materials as photodegradation of organic pollutants using photocatalyst method. ZnO is the most widely used as a catalyst material for photocatalytic application due to a suitable band gap energy and the chemical stability. It was also reported by our previous study that the photocatalytic performance was significantly affected by the Ag content. In this study, ZnO-Ag nanocomposite materials have been successfully fabricated by a flame pyrolysis and the effects of catalyst weight ranging from 2 to 10 mg on the photocatalytic performance were also investigated. Zin acetate and silver nitrate were used as precursors for producing ZnO-Ag nanocomposites. The catalyst products, ZnO-Ag nanocomposite, were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). While, UV Vis spectrometry was used to measure the concentration of methylene blue (MB) before and after irradiations. Photocatalytic performances of nanocomposites were performed by evaluating the degradation of MB under UV and sunlight irradiations. The photocatalytic tests showed that the best performance was attained when the Ag content was 5 wt% and the weight of catalyst as much as 2 mg after irradiation with sunlight, where the degradation rate of MB was 98 % and the rate constant was 0.0512 /min.

Keywords
Catalyst Weight, Photocatalytic Activity, ZnO/Ag Nanoparticle

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/THvpUbutF3XA

Corresponding Author
Suwarsono Suwarsono

Institutions
a) Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Muhammadiyah Malang
*) suwarsono[at]umm.ac.id
b) Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia

Abstract
The Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process is commonly used for joining aluminum sheets. The FSW process occurs due to temperature and the force of emphasis on the connection. heat Energy is generated from the deformation of material and friction between the tool and the material. The FSW process generally emphasizes the generation of heat energy from the deformation process of material. This research studies the FSW process which prioritizes the friction between tool and material, as a heat energy generator. Research of Friction Stir Spot Welding uses aluminum A1100 sheets with a thickness of 0.4 mm. Tool material are HSS, with shoulder diameter of 4 mm, the pin diameter 2 mm and length 0.6 mm. The joining process of Friction Stir Spot Welding used tool rotational speed of 33000 rpm. This research has proven that the main heat energy can be generated from friction, which results from high speed rotation of tool. The axial force and temperature distribution measured at several points location. Shear strength data and microstructures of welds indicate that this method is feasible to be applied in the FSSW process.

Keywords
Friction Stir Spot Welding; High rotation; Alumuinium A1100; Shear strength

Topic
Mechanical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MvPeB7mt9nJR

Corresponding Author
Yani Faozani Alli

Institutions
Research and Development Center for Oil and Gas Technology “LEMIGAS”
Jl. Ciledug Raya Kav.109, Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta Selatan 12230
Telephone : 62-21-7394422, Fax: 62-21-7246150

Abstract
The application of surfactant flooding to increase the oil production has been widely known as an alternate to extract the trapped oil in the mature oilfield. The surfactant-s ability for lowering the interfacial tension (IFT) of oil and water that increase the capillary number is the main mechanism in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods to reduce the residual oil saturation. The effect of ultralow IFT of a novel natural oil-based surfactant to the residual oil saturation was investigated, whereas the effect of different flow rate during injection as one of CDC parameter was also assessed. Core flooding experiments were used as the main tools to evaluate the influence of IFT to the capillary number (Nc) that consequently affecting the residual oil saturation (Sor). The results showed that injecting ultralow IFT surfactant were able to increase oil recovery or lowering the residual oil saturation Oil saturated core was continuously injected with and without ultralow surfactant to analyze the effect of IFT to the residual oil saturation, whereas CDC profile was obtained by injecting ultralow IFT at different rate as one of the CDC parameter. The oil produce from the outlet of coreflood was collected and calculated to measure the total recovery of water or surfactant injection. CDC can then be generated by plotting the Nc with the Sor. The results showed that injecting ultralow IFT surfactant were able to increase oil recovery or lowering the residual oil saturation as much as 4%, whereas CDC-s result showed that the residual oil saturation decrease with increasing Nc, with the optimum Nc to produce oil was at the level of 10-7, rate 0.1 to 1.0 cc/min, increased 104 from Nc at waterflood stage.

Keywords
capillary number, capillary desaturation curve, CDC, natural oil-based surfactant, residual oil saturation

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/EBvGhP2FxceD

Corresponding Author
Erizka Ramdhiani

Institutions
a) Civil Engineering Department, University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
b) Civil Engineering Department, University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
*wrahayu[at]eng.ui.ac.id

Abstract
Peat has been known for its high compressibility, low shear strength and high-water content. Moreover, when it comes to dry season, peatland is easily to be burnt leaving the large amount of carbon into the atmosphere also causes significant damage to peatland ecology. Based on these, peat burning remains are used as fly ash and it is expected to improve the strength of peat soils alongside to be environmentally safe. Laboratory tests were carried out according to that condition. A study on the influence of fly ash addition in peat soils was done by comparing the result from CBR (California Bearing Ratio). Different percentages of fly ash (i.e. 15, 20, and 25%) were added into peat soil at optimum moisture content amidst 5% of Portland Cement for each sample with a variety of curing time of 2 hours, 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days. Changes were observed in specific gravity, acidity, and the microscopic structure. The CBR test results show that the peat gained strength due to the addition of different percentages of fly ash as well as the increase of curing periods, with the optimum result applying 15% of fly ash upon the curing periods of 1 day. Furthermore, according to the results, the peat soil can be used as a subgrade.

Keywords
California Bearing Ratio; Peat Soil; Peatland Fire; Stabilization

Topic
Civil Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JN3RBta9WZAn

Corresponding Author
Tuti Nur Fitri

Institutions
University of Indonesia

Abstract
Aluminum with a composition of 7-10% Silicone (Si), 2-4% Copper (Cu) was a matrix used with the addition variations of nano-SiC reinforcement particle 0.25; 0.3; 0.4% Vf with the intention of fabricate bullet-proof materials that have high toughness, impact resistance and good strength. In this research, composite was fabricated by stir casting method possessed superior properties due to an effective bonding between matrix and reinforcement particles. In addition to of nano-SiC as a reinforcement particle also followed by the addition of 5 %wt Magnesium (Mg) as the wetting agent, 0.04 %wt Stronsium (Sr) as the modifier, and 0.15 %wt Al-5Ti-1B as the grain reinforcement. The fabricated composite specimens were subjected to various tests to determine the mechanical properties such as density, porosity, hardness, tensile strength, impact, and ballistic testing. The results were compared with basic matrix alloy. Furthermore, the uses of Optical Microscope (OM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX), dan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses were carried out to analyze the dispersion of the reinforced particles in the selected matrix alloy.

Keywords
Aluminum composites, Nano SiC, AC4B, bulletproof materials, stir casting

Topic
Materials Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/GWEAXHxDBmZh

Corresponding Author
Davino Aditya Dwinanda

Institutions
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok 16424, Indonesia.
*donanta.dhaneswara[at]ui.ac.id

Abstract
Refractory coating is widely used in metal casting process to protect the mold from direct contact with molten metal. This coating also could improve the surface quality of casting product. Zircon is common materials that used as filler, but the materials cost is quite high. Therefore, alternative material is needed to make partial substitution of the filler. Silica Fused can be considered as filler because it has good refractoriness. This study aims to determine silica fused is reliable as an alternative to substitute zircon filler. The samples were made with 16%, 18%, and 20% silica fused addition and different treatment which were heated and non-heated drying. Particle size and distributions of the filler were analyzed using Particle Size Analysis. Viscosity measurement also has been done to analyze rheological characteristics of coating slurry. The surface morphology of dried coating was taken using Scanning Electrom Microscope. The quality of coating was determined from the thermal stability of the coating that was analyzed using Differential Thermal Analysis. The result shows thar silica fused is reliable as an alternative material for filler partial substitution.

Keywords
Silica Fused, Zircon, Refractory Coating

Topic
Materials Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JmtP3z4fZNLg

Corresponding Author
Rahmayetty Rahmayetty

Institutions
Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Abstract
Lactic acid is a chemical with widwe variety applications that pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food industries, etc. One of the major uses of lactic acid is the polylactic acid (PLA) feedstock which is biodegradable and biocompatible as an alternative to plastic derived from fossil fuels. Efforts continue to be made to reduce the cost of producing PLA in order to compete with conventional petrochemical-based plastics. Efforts made include using molasses as a raw material because it is cheap and contains high glucose. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best substrate input system by comparing batch and fed batch systems to obtain the optimum loading concentration in lactic acid synthesis. This study was conducted in several stages, namely the design of bioreactors, inoculation of Lactobacillus achidopillus, fermentation of molasses and purification of lactic acid. In a batch system, molasses substrate was directly inserted as much as 1 liter in the fermentor, while in the substrate fed batch system was inserted simultaneously using a dossing pump with varying loading rates of 75; 100; 150 and 250 ml/hr, up to a total volume of 1000 ml. The analysis carried out on fermentation products was the cell concentration, lactic acid and total sugar cocentration. The results of this study indicate that fed batch fermentation produces higher concentrations of lactic acid.

Keywords
molasses, batch, fed batch, lactic acid, Lactobacillus achidopillus

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LvcYAjw9d6gF

Corresponding Author
Iman Saefuloh

Institutions
1. Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Banten, Indonesia
2. Chemical ENgineering, Universitas SUltan Ageng Tirtayasa, Banten, Indonesia

Abstract
One of the ways to control corrosion is by using an inhibitor. Many alternative inhibitors have been used to control it. One of the inhibitors that can be used is inorganic inhibitor or chemical inhibitor. The use of inhibitor is indeed suitable to be applied to control corrosion attacks on internal pipes. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the inhibitors used, the form of corrosion occurred, and the effect of the occurrence of corrosion on the hardness of the material given by the inhibitors. The test results in this study indicate that the use of sodium acetate and sodium nitrite is effective to inhibit corrosion attack rates. And based on the experiments, the form of corrosion that occurs is evenly corrosion.

Keywords
Inhibitor, Corrosion, Hardnes, Natrium Clorida, Natrium Asetat, Natrium nitrit

Topic
Mechanical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8VKHqMCubEBX

Corresponding Author
Tuty Emilia Agustina

Institutions
a) Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Sriwijaya
Jalan Palembang Prabumulih Km 32 Inderalaya, Indonesia
*tuty_agustina[at] unsri.ac.id
b) Chemical Engineering Department, Bandung Institute of Technology
c) Chemistry Department, Sebelas Maret University

Abstract
The environmental pollution caused by the waste and the strict regulations of waste were currently a major concern for industries, such as the palm oil industry. Constraints experienced today are the difficulty of degradation process of the waste due to the high quantity and the content of contaminants in the waste. One of the efforts that can be prepared to reduce the negative impact is by using the waste as a raw material for biodiesel. Among the potential wastes to become a raw material for making the biodiesel is the wastewater from the cooling pond as a part of the wastewater treatment in palm oil industry. The objectives of this research are to study the process of oil separation from wastewater cooling pond by liquid-liquid extraction method to recover oil and use it as a raw material for making biodiesel. Extraction is carried out at room temperature. The solvent type, wastewater sample to solvent ratio, and extraction time were varied. Based on the results, the highest oil yield of 90% was reached by using n-hexane solvent, the wastewater sample to solvent ratio of 2: 3, and extraction time of 72 hours, while the acid number of 78.49 mg KOH/g oil was obtained. The separated oil can be used as a raw material for making biodiesel through the esterification and transesterification processes. The biodiesel produced has been met the standard of SNI 0471822006 for density, kinematic viscosity, acid number, saponification number, methyl ester, free glycerol, total glycerol, and oxidation stability.

Keywords
liquid-liquid extraction, oil recovery, cooling pond wastewater, biodiesel

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/r7AQXv8DtBLK

Corresponding Author
Harwati Harwati

Institutions
Universitas Islam Indonesia

Abstract
This research basically aims to implement green lean manufacturing concept in a small scale industry. A green lean manufacturing is reached by energy saving and emission reduction. Current environmental Value Stream Mapping (VSM) is developed for Batik manufacturing process to identify wastes and bottleneck processes. Traditional process of producing batik raises several problems such as long cycle time and it emerges energy waste, excessive water consumption, emissions from combustion that can damage the environment. Based on all waste that was identified, solutions are suggested to eliminate the energy and emission produced. A future environmental VSM is designed, simulated, and compared with current VSM. The solutions decrease 3.9% of cycle time, 14% of energy consumption, and 63% of emission. This result showed that the solutions are applicable to be implemented in that small scale industry

Keywords
Green Lean Manufacturing, Environmental Waste, VSM, Process Activity Mapping, Cycle Time, emission, energy

Topic
Industrial Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bvgkUMt6YELQ

Corresponding Author
Nurul Ilmaniar

Institutions
University of Indonesia
(a) Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Beji, Depok, 16424, Indonesia
*sugeng[at]eng.ui.ac.id

Abstract
Ti-6Al-4V alloy is a common material for orthopedic implant due its high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Surgical intervention is required to introduce implant into the body, but it comes with risk of biomaterial associated infection (BAI) or periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). Biomaterial associated infection and periprosthetic joint infections are associated with the presence of bacteria on implant surfaces where they produce biofilm and eventually lead to loosening and implant failure. Treatments for both infections are costly since they require additional surgery to reduce infections and remove biofilm. Surface-modified implants have been introduced with minimum surface roughness to prevent such infections. A key feature is nano-scaled topography with a size of 1-100 nm which minimize bacterial attachment as the initial stage of BAI and PJI. This work aims to study the use Plasma Electrolytic Polishing, an electrochemical machining using high voltage and environmentally friendly electrolyte, to produce low roughness and nano-scaled topography on implant surfaces. Each workpiece is polished in electrolyte comprised of phosphoric acid, sodium perchlorate, and hydrofluoric acid using DC power supply with voltage of 180-400 V. Surface profile of polished workpiece is observed using AFM and SEM whereas the antibacterial properties are tested using the method of disk-diffusion assay.

Keywords
Plasma Electrolytic Polishing, Ti-6Al-4V Implant, Antibacterial properties, Surface roughness, Biofilm inhibition

Topic
Materials Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qzeANZGVx3mv

Corresponding Author
Wijianto Wijianto

Institutions
a) Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
* wijianto[at]ums.ac.id
b) Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to know the effect of adhesive variation such as starch, used oil, coconut shell tar to the properties of sawdust briquette for instance volatile meter, ash content, fixed carbon content, water content, heating value, specific weight, and density. By composition 50% matrix and 50% adhesive, sawdust briquettes was made using a briquette pressing device with a pressure of 10 kg/cm2. The result of the analysis obtained that sawdust briquette with used oil as adhesive having better physical and mechanical properties compared by adhesive from starch and coconut shell tar.

Keywords
Sawdust briquette, Adhesive, Starch, Used oil, Coconut shell tar

Topic
Mechanical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/t4p6VyefKawZ

Corresponding Author
Zulmahdi Darwis

Institutions
University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Abstract
The use of laminated bamboo beams to be an alternative as one of the elements of building materials. Techniques such laminates can be used to form the building materials used as construction materials in large sizes. Previous studies have extensively covered the beam strength of laminated bamboo, type and pattern collapse crack. Some testing of the shear strength with the use of adhesive labur 60 MDGL, resulting in partial fracture or shear fracture between bamboo material and not occur in the adhesive. This research is directed to find out the effect of variation within the stake on the block against the shear strength of laminated bamboo. Comparison between high beam size and the width is two to one size (120 mm x 60 mm). Further tested the strength of the beam to the shear capacity with four variations within the stake is fox, Ligno and Rajawali. For laminated bamboo using bamboo outer skin on the surface of the beam as well as the use of adhesives labur 50 MDGL. The results showed that there was no significant difference in shear strengths between the four variations within the stake. Beam strength is highest test object 50

Keywords
bamboo, laminated, adhesive

Topic
Civil Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/wX9AzaVTnkuK

Corresponding Author
Imam Djati Widodo

Institutions
1 Industrial Engineering Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, indonesia
2 Industrial Engineering Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia,
3 Industrial Engineering Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
The quality of the electrical cable can be determined by resistance of insulator and conductor. The higher the resistance of the insulator and the lower the resistance of the conductor, the higher the quality of the cable. NYM 2x1.5 mm2 cable produced by Corporate X has an isolator resistance of 84.25 Ω and conductor resistance of 11.976 Ω. Even though the products meets Indonesia National Standard (SNI), but to win the competition, the company needs to improve the quality of their products with competitive prices. There are some factors influencing the resistance of insulators and conductor. They are core extruder speed (A), non-core extruder speed (B), cooling water temperature (C), PVC melting temperature (C), cabling speed (D), copper elongation (E), PVC density (F) and human error (F). In this research, design of experiment, based on Taguchi method, is used to improve cable resistance. Because of having two responses, the optimization process uses the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method. The result showed that the combination of levels of these factors could produce average insulator resistance of 95.70 Ω (increasing by 8.90 Ω), and the average resistance of the conductor 11.908 Ω (decreases down by 0.057 Ω). This optimal condition was obtained by combining the levels of factor A1 B1 C1 D2 E2 F1 G1, i.e. the system works at 140 rpm cabling speed, non core extruder speed 2.9 m/s, core extruder speed 2.9 m/s, cooling water temperature 20 0C, copper elongation 150 - 250, temperature for melting PVC 160 0C-165 0C and PVC density 154,95-155 kg/m3. Sensitivity analysis to accommodate the dynamic weighting of product quality attributes indicated that the changes in the order of priority attribute weights on a formal scale system used to convert linguistic forms into fuzzy numbers were not sensitive to optimal factor level combinations

Keywords
Factor Level Combination, Insulator and Conductor Resistance, Sensitivity Analysis, Taguchi, TOPSIS

Topic
Industrial Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LyFCeVZJhGMz

Corresponding Author
Naniek Utami Handayani

Institutions
a Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University
b Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University
c Civil Engineering, Vocational School, Diponegoro University

* naniekh[at]ft.undip.ac.id

Abstract
Supply chain is the interconnected hierarchy of supply contracts necessary to procure a built asset. On a traditional building project, design consultants are first tier suppliers, working for the client, and the contractor has a supply chain of sub-contractors and specialist suppliers. The problems in the construction industry is that the first and second tier of the supply chain sign up to impartially difficult arrangements but as the chain develops, so the contractual responsibilities decrease until suppliers at the end of the chain are often not locked in at all. The construction of the Diponegoro University Psychology building began September 29, 2017 with a target of 300 days. The deviation between the realization of project work and the planning timeline is -10.37% in the 7th month. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the supply chain process in building construction project. The Supply Chain Operation References (SCOR) is going to be applied to measures the performance of construction projects based on five material planning processes (plan) and project work schedules, material procurement (source), implementation of construction work (make), material delivery (deliver), and the return process if there is a material return (return). The Matrix (OMAX) and Traffic Light method is going to be used to assess the performance of cement and steel structure as the main material on this building project. The results of the assessment with Omax and traffic light obtained that the supply chain performance of cement material is worth 4.3 of the maximum value is 10. Supply chain performance for iron material worth 5.4 from the maximum value is 10. This shows that supply chain performance is quite good but needs repaired.

Keywords
construction supply chain, SCOR, building project

Topic
Civil Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MKarBLV3yqUN

Corresponding Author
Rizkijanuar Ramadhan Saputro

Institutions
(a)Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok, Indonesia 16424
(b)Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok, Indonesia 16424
*sugeng[at]eng.ui.ac.id

Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are standard for orthopedic prosthetic devices, due to their good mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, bioactivity on the implant surface needs to be improved to achieve an optimal osseointegration process. Metal implants are often coated by hydroxyapatite (HA) because they have a chemical composition and crystal structure similar to apatite in the human skeletal that suitable for bone reconstruction. The focus of this research is on surface treatment designed to promote better biological responses through hydroxyapatite layers. Also combining the acid etching treatment of Ti-6Al-4V and the electrophoretic coating process of the hydroxyapatite to obtain stronger mechanical interlocking interface. HF treatment conducted in various time. Then, coated with nanosized HA through electrophoretic deposition (EPD) at 15V voltage for 10 minutes followed by 800oC heat treatment. Scanning Electron Microscopy and Contour measurements were performed to show the surface topography indicating the formation of surface contours with increasing surface roughness parameters in accordance with the time of the etching process. The contours on the surface of the substrate induce the mechanical interlocking of the surface so that the results of hydroxyapatite deposition optimal at the time of etching 5 minutes.

Keywords
Biomaterials; Chemical Etching; Ti6Al4V; Hydroxyapatite Coating

Topic
Materials Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kEzt4aDUZew2

Corresponding Author
MUNIRWANSYAH MUNIRWANSYAH

Institutions
(1) Lecturer of Civil Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia.
(2) Lecturer of Urban and Regional Planning, Institute Technology of Sumatera, Bandar Lampung, 35365, Indonesia.

corresponding author email: r.munirwan[at]unsyiah.ac.id

Abstract
Banda Aceh is surrounded by the subduction of Indo-Australia and Eurasia plate which may cause the tsunami. One of it was the tsunami which occurred in Aceh on December 26th, 2004. The governments lack of preparedness for temporary evacuation sites in the high risk disaster zone caused the large number of casualties. Hence it is necessary to build evacuation facilities such as escape hill. The objective of this research is including to determine the bearing capacity of the soil subgrade below escape hill soil embankment and settlement, due to the load of the embankment height (Hcrit) and the value of the safety factor. This study is conducted in Deah Baro with the Geographic Coordinate System(GCS) 5º3345.72"N - 95º1751.34"E. The calculation method of Hcrit in this study was conducted by using Plaxis 8.2, which started from the existing site to 15.00 m or higher than Tsunami run-up wave height 12.00 m. This study uses soil parameters variation modeling by increasing the soil cohesion value (c) and soil friction angle (φ) proportionally with simulation to get stable condition by safety factor (SF) greater than 2.5. The result of this research found that the soil subgrade settlement δ=17.45 cm with SF=1.04 that is less than 2.5, which is still within in the tolerance limits and the subgrade is still able to withstand the embankment load. As the last result, the most stable condition at Hcrit =15.00 m was obtained in the soil parameter modeling with the c =1.5 kN/m2 and φ = 30º, with δ = 15.96 cm and SF= 1.33 which can be used for the escape hill design material embankment.

Keywords
Escape hill; Critical embankment height; Run up height; Soil settlement; Safety factor

Topic
Civil Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fQbv6ymXw8dL

Corresponding Author
DNK Putra Negara

Institutions
(a)Mechanical Engineering Department of Udayana University, Street of Bukit Jimbaran, Badung, Bali, Indonesia 80362
*devputranegara[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Machine components such as gear and crankshaft require hard surface and ductile core characteristics. One method to obtained such characteristics is pack carburizing. This research concern to compare the mechanical properties of carburized low carbon steel under different carburizers; GBC (80% goat bone charcoal + 20% BaCO3) and BC (80% bamboo charcoal + 20% BaCO3). The specimens placed in a steel box containing carburizer, loaded into an electric furnace, heated up to a temperature of 950 OC, soaked for 4 hours and quenched in the oil. The hardness and strength of samples were measured by applying of Vickers Hardness Tester and Universal Tensile Machine, respectively. The results of the research showed that hardness, yield strength, tensile strength and modulus elasticity of both carburized low carbon steel increased significantly, however, there was a decrease in elongation. The closer to the core the lower of hardness obtained until at a distance is equal to raw material hardness. The use of carburizer GBC produces carburized steel with higher yield strength (51.75 kg.mm-2), tensile strength (74.58 kg.mm-2), and elongation (5.78 %) than carburizer BC but lower in hardness (558.13 HV1), modulus elasticity (256.79 GPa), and effective case depth (0.33 mm). The mechanical properties of carburized low carbon steels have fulfilled requirements as the material of gear or shaft.

Keywords
Pack carburizing, mechanical properties, energizer, carburizer

Topic
Materials Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JEZA6nh3CwqM

Corresponding Author
M Fikri Perdana

Institutions
Industrial Engineering Department
Faculty of Industrial Technology
Islamic University of Indonesia, Yogyakarta Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract. English is the one of the most widely spoken languages in the world and is used as an international language for communication. The importance of English proficiency is the primary reason for some people to be motivated in English learning. Such learning process thus requires a learning facility to help achieve the targeted learning goals. One of the English learning facilities is board game design, which has been developed, in the previous study. However, the usability of this board game design as media in teaching-learning process remains unproven since it needs a reliable testing. On this basis, this study aims to analyze the usability of educational board game design developed based on effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction parameter. Usability test was conducted using performance measurement method and the system of usability scale questionnaire was distributed to more than 30 respondents of elementary education level at the fourth, fifth, and sixth grade. Experimental study was done in the elementary school to collect the required data. Statistical analysis was applied to test the hypothesis. Result of this study shows that the usability of developed educational board game design is valid for the learning process of elementary school students at 5% significance level with usability level of 85% for effectiveness, 83% for efficiency, and 71% for satisfaction.

Keywords
usability, performance measurment, SUS questionnaire, board game

Topic
Industrial Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/rjxJqYMB72Zp

Corresponding Author
Krisna Wisnu Sarwenda

Institutions
Mining Engineering Department, Faculty of engineering Mulawarman University

Abstract
Indonesia has coal reserves of around 166 billion tons of resources and 37 billion tons of reserves. Kalimantan land recorded as the region that holds the largest coal reserves, which is 14.9 billion tons, the largest reserves are in the east Kalimantan region of 7.5 billion tons. One effort to optimize low rank coal is to utilize the low rank coal as raw material for carbonized coal briquettes. Low rank coal research materials are obtained from the new Kampung formation. This resesarch aims to determine the carbonization coal briquette method with a temperature of 600oC in three types of organic binders namely sago flour, tapioca flour and molasses. The carbonization process is carried out for 6 hours. Carbonized coal is crushing at a size of 30 mesh, carbonized coal that has been crushing is mixed with organic binder, then printed with a manual hydraulic system of 15 kg/cm2, then dried. The quality testing of carbonized coal includes parameters of inherent moisture, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and calorific value. The results showed that the carbonized coal briquette produced had the following properties: inherent moisture 11.28% - 14.21%, ash content 6.39% - 8.15%, volatile matter 37.685% - 46.07%, fixed carbon 34.51% - 42.24%, and caloric value 5632.40 cal/gr - 6937.13 cal/gr. Carbonized coal briquette that produce the highest calorific value are obtained from a combination of carbonized coal with tapioca flour, which is 6937.13 cal/gr. The quality of caloric value is fullfiled the coal briquette standard trading for SNI.

Keywords
Low rank coal, carbonization, briquette, caloric value

Topic
Materials Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6PpWDwv9GBqx

Corresponding Author
Bambang Iskandriawan

Institutions
Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Abstract
Air conditioning systems constitute one kind of essential utility at a building. They still could be decreased its electrical cost consumption by way of insistent to continue the performance of its room air cooler. The achievement of air conditioning system mentioned is very determined by the airflow pattern inner the room. Based on the airflow pattern which is raised furthermore it will be deliberated the cooling load which is determine cooling electricity costs. Construction elevation consideration will be carried out in the framework to obtain the air conditioning system within the most economical of energy consumption. The parameter mentioned is interesting to analyses due to the effect of sun heat will very dependent to the constructions elevation. Methodology which is to be used remains within practice the numeric simulation. The measuring of air temperature directly by means of censors also implemented within several level of construction elevation. The outcome of air temperature measurement will be used as the input value to the numeric simulation execution in the apartment unit with the local air conditioning system. It is obtained cooling load of local air conditioning system in the apartment building unit within 8 (eight) altitude.

Keywords
thermal simulation; cooling load; apartment unit; and building construction elevation

Topic
Mechanical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/PUAEWDYuVfeg

Corresponding Author
Syarif Abdullah

Institutions
Department of Mechanical Engineering(1,3,4)
Department of Metallurgy Engineering(2)
Faculty of Engineering
University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
Jl. Jenedral Sudirman Km 03 Cilegon, Banten, Indonesia 42435

Abstract
One stochastic process that is often used to model real phenomena is the compound Poisson process (CPP). CPP is a process in which a component in the process of the events occurred is assumed to be a Poisson process with a certain intensity function (homogenous or nonhomogeneous). Thinning process algorithm is usually used to generate events that occurred in the Poisson process. The study aims to find out the algorithm for generating the CPP which has nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) intensity functions. The value of the load caused by the Poisson process is assumed to be a family of i.i.d random variables and the variables are also independent of the Poisson process. The results of this study have obtained the thinning process algorithm and its generalizations for compound Poisson process having nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) intensity functions. This algorithm is the result of developing theory and computational simulation analysis by generating data that can be applied in various fields of science.

Keywords
algorithms, compound Poisson process (CCP), intensity functions, nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP), thinning process.

Topic
Computer Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dXmBkgcVU6QJ

Corresponding Author
Daisman Purnomo Bayyu Aji

Institutions
Magister Program of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta

Abstract
This study reports a Tool-Narayanaswamy-Moynihan (TNM) simulation on crystallized Zr60Cu25Ni5Al10 amorphous alloy. During a glass transition process, either on heating or cooling, parameters affecting a simulation results remain the same when the physical change during glass transition do not change. Here, we investigated the effect of crystallization fraction occurred on Zr60Cu25Ni5Al10 amorphous alloy after partially crystallized by heating the glassy alloy beyond crystallization temperature. The partial-crystallized samples are for 20 %, 50% and 80% crystals fraction. The results show that the non-linearity parameter, x, increases and the non-exponentiality parameter, β, decreases with higher crystals fraction of the crystallized alloy.

Keywords
Amorphous Alloy; Metallic Glass; Crystallization; Tool-Narayanaswamy-Moynihan; Glass Transition

Topic
Materials Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/zucYRby2kE4V

Corresponding Author
Wahyu susihono

Institutions
1,2 Industrial Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Banten, Indonesia
3 Electrical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Banten, Indonesia

Abstract
Companies that already have a halal product certificate have a minimum certificate of Halal Product Guarantee status by criterion B. However, up to now not many companies have obtained it due to the incompleteness of the Halal Assurance System (SJH) manual document. Gipang Tiga Bunda cake industry is one of companies that has been certified halal by LPPOM MUI Banten Province, but the SJH Status certificate has not been given to the company. This condition is due to the fact that the company has not yet completed the HAS-23000 document specifically for the overall fulfillment of eleven criteria for the Halal Assurance System (HAS 23000: 1) , Policies and Procedures (HAS 23000: 2). This study aims to determine the improvement in the implementation of HAS-23000 in the Gipang Tiga Bunda cake industry, so that finally an intervention model can be found that is in accordance with the abilities, abilities and limitations of humans working in the cake processing industry. This research method is in the form of exploratory design. Observations were carried out directly and carried out deep interviews with company management or employee representatives who worked for at least 3 years in a row. The results showed that ergonomic interventions can improve the implementation of the criteria a) the mechanism for establishing a halal management team, b) preparing halal policies, c) scheduling training and education, d) the mechanism for using production facilities, e) internal audit activities and f) review activities management. Ergonomics intervention is able to make humans as a system unit in implementing HAS-23000 implementation.

Keywords
Ergonomics intervention, HAS-23000, Halal, processing industry

Topic
Industrial Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MQVAFwm3EuGh

Corresponding Author
Nyoman Puspa Asri

Institutions
1Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,WR. Supratman University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, 60111.
2Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Catholic Widya Mandala University, Surabaya, East Java, 60114
3Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya, East, Java, Indonesia, 60117
*corresponding author: nyoman_puspaasri[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
Abstract. Biodiesel was produced from Kapok seed (Ceiba Pentranda) oil (KSO) using heterogeneous bimetallic oxide of copper and zinc supported by γ-alumina. The Alumina-supported copper oxide- zinc oxide (CuO- ZnO γ /- Al2O3) further notated by ACZ was synthesized using precipitation, impregnation and gel methods. It also was characterized using the X-ray diffraction (X-RD), Brunauwer-Emmett Teller (BET), and scanning electron microscopy-EDX (SEM-EDX) methods. Before being transesterified the KSO was pre-treated to reduce gum and free fatty acid content. The activity test of ACZ catalyst was done by introducing it through the transesterification process of KSO with methanol. The transesterification process was conducted in a glass batch type reactor with refluxed methanol. The effect of loading ZnO (wt. %), calcinating temperature (°C), and calcinating time of catalyst (h) on the yield of biodiesel were investigated, respectively. The results showed that the kapok seed oil was worthy and potentially to transesterified into biodiesel using ACZ catalyst.

Keywords
Keywords: biodiesel, kapok seed oil, transesterification, bimetallic oxide, heterogeneous catalyst

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YNvPABEVgnLy

Corresponding Author
Faiz Husnayain

Institutions
(a) Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia

Abstract
Loss of 500 kV A–B transmission line causes voltage instability in surrounding subsystem. This condition may cause further disturbance in the whole interconnected system. Improvement of voltage stability can be handled by adding FACTS devices, such as Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) and Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM). SSSC and STATCOM have the capability of dynamically controlling the power flow through a line. This paper aims to compare the performance of both devices to increase system stability. These methods are compared by analyzing the bus voltage, active power in line and rotor angle. As a result, this paper shows that the implementation of STATCOM is more stable in state of SSSC.

Keywords
FACTS; STATCOM; SSSC; InStability

Topic
Electrical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kYqTXpabCtxK

Corresponding Author
Desy Widya Astuti

Institutions
School of Strategic and Global Studies, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia; and Universite de Technologie de Compiegne, France

Abstract
Depok City as one of the satellite cities has developed both in terms of population, social, economic and environment. The high mobility of commuter line passengers is influenced by the pattern of passenger travel using various modes of transportation such as: public transportation, private transportation online transportation, non-motorized vehicles or walking. The analysis used is the multinomial logistic regression method by observing the socio-economic characteristics of passengers and the travel characteristics of commuter line passengers. The results of the study suggest that the behavior of passengers to the station (access mode) is influenced by transport costs. So the choice of the most used transportation modes will have an impact on the arrangement of facilities at Depok City stations.

Keywords
travel behavior, passenger, station

Topic
Civil Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jckgThpZfeyb

Corresponding Author
Lucky Wahyu Nuzulia Setyaningsih

Institutions
(a) Department of Chemical Engineering, Islamic University of Indonesia, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA
*lucky.nuzulia[at]uii.ac.id

Abstract
The conversion of glycerol as by product of biodiesel manufacture into value-added product was studied. Esterification of glycerol with acetic acid to triacetin was carried out using activated zeolite and Lewatite as catalyst A selective method for triacetin synthesis was developed to investigate the effect of molar ratio of glycerol to acetic acid (1:6, 1:7 and 1:8). The conversion values at the reactant mole ratio were subsequently 66.91%, 73.36% and 73.16%, while the selectivity obtained was 7.67%, 9.66% and 10.61% respectively. From these results, it can be concluded that the highest conversion was obtained at a reactant mole ratio of 1: 7 and the highest selectivity was obtained at a reactant mole ratio of 1: 8. The result of selectivity with various catalyst type shows that the Lewatit catalyst produces a higher selectivity than the use of activated natural zeolite as a catalyst.

Keywords
Triacetin; Esterification; Lewatit; Zeolite; Selectivity

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/hckYHDJtGpaM

Corresponding Author
Caesario Isak Cornelis

Institutions
a) Department of Industrial Engineering
Universitas Indonesia
Depok, Indonesia
caesarioisak[at]gmail.com
b) Department of Industrial Engineering
Universitas Indonesia
Depok, Indonesia
Farizal[at]eng.ui.ac.id

Abstract
Natural gas as source of energy is more desirable than other fosil fuel such as coal and oil because of environmental advantage. A big issue comes from the decision of new power plant, whether using natural gas or coal as source of energy. In area such as South East Asia, natural gas prices is higher than coal, hindering such uses. In order to make natural gas power plant more viable, some steps must be taken, such as optimization. This study will optimize the location of 5 power plant and pipeline route between 11 location and 2 natural gas sources, so the weighted length is minimum. Thus, a mathematical model developed to solve the problem, which is a Mixed Integer Nonlinear Problem (MINLP). Two step optimization used to obtain solution. The first step is used to obtaion optimal location and pipeline route, the second step is used to obtain optimal pipeline diameter and compressor configuration. A weighting element added to the pipeline length to accomodate the difference of pipeline diameter. Six scenarios are made in this study to give a different location and routing possibility regarding possible future scenarios.

Keywords
Optimization, Natural Gas, MINLP, Location Selection

Topic
Industrial Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jPCx8cRwKGQT