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Antituberculosis Induced Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms in a Pediatric Latent Tuberculosis Infection Overdiagnosed as Tuberculosis Disease
Wiwiek Setiowulan,1,2 Redi Rulandani,4 Hana Sofia Rachman1,3

1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia
2Department of Pediatrics, Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah , Bandung, Indonesia
3Department of Pediatrics, Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Al Ihsan, Bandung, Indonesia
4 Intern Doctor, Department of Pediatrics, Rumah Sakit Angkatan Udara dr. M. Salamun, Bandung, Indonesia

Coresponding Email: aisafatiha[at]gmail.com


Abstract

Pediatric drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a life-threatening uncommon disease that can be difficult to diagnose. A prolonged duration of fever before the appearance of other cardinal symptoms may cause an initial miss diagnosis. We present a case of a 10 year old girl with ten days of high fever first treated as typhoid fever. She was on the fifth week of antituberculosis treatment (ATT). A diagnosis of DRESS was made after the appearance of pruritic morbiliform rash and severe liver injury. The fever decreased after we stopped the ATT and gave systemic corticosteroid, followed by resolution of other symptoms. The diagnosis of TB disease in this patient was made in primary health care facility using pediatric TB scoring system. Despite the total score of 6 (positive tuberculin test and TB exposure), she has normal chest X-ray and no symptoms of TB. Therefore, the patient has latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) but overdiagnosed as TB disease. Due to the negative HIV status of the patient, TB prophylaxis is not needed. Therefore, reintroduction of ATT was contraindicated, which led to lack identification of specific drug causing DRESS in this case.

Keywords: Antituberculosis treatment, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, latent tuberculosis infection.

Topic: Infectious and Non Infectious Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/whf7zvaL3RUt

Conference: Medical and Global Health Research Symposium (MORES 2019)

Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Wiwiek Setiowulan Sp.A., M.Kes.)

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