Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Orapan Hemadhulin

Institutions
a Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University,
Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand
b Piezoelectric Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand

Abstract
Abstract The [0.98Pb(Zr0.52, Ti0.48)O30.02Sr(K0.25, Nb0.75)O3] ceramics (PZTSKN) were synthesized by powders of PbO2, ZrO2 , TiO2, K2CO3, SrCO3 and Nb2O5 by solid state reaction method. Then the invention of the tape by tape casting method. Then examine the crystalline structure of PZT-SKN tape ceramic by X-ray diffraction, measuring density and Vickers Hardness, examine the dielectric and ferroelectric property of PZT-SKN tape ceramic. The PZT-SKN tape ceramic have crystal structure of Perovskite type tetragonal and hexagonal lattice parameter a=b=4.036 Å, c=4.138 Å and c/a=1.025. The density = 6.035 g cm–3and Vickers Hardness = 107 N mm–2. The dielectric constant of PZTSKN tape ceramic the r = 1499 at 532 OC. The dielectric and ferroelectric property of PZT-SKN tape ceramic show behavior better Compared to PZT-SKN tablet ceramic.

Keywords
Dielectric; Ferroelectric; PZT-SKN; Piezoelectric tape

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/f6UNywXmCb2J

Corresponding Author
Simon Sembiring

Institutions
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Lampung University, Jl. Prof. Soemantri Brojonegoro No.1 Bandar Lampung, 35145, Indonesia,

Abstract
In this study, a modified asphalt preparation was made for roofing materials by adding silica extracted from rice husk.The ratios of asphalt to silica are 1:0, 1:1.6, 1:1.8, and 1:2 by weight, and calcined at the temperature of 150°C for 6 hours. The structuraland microstructural characteristics of asphalt composites were examined by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDX) Spectroscopy and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA-TGA), respectively. The XRD study revealed that the major phases werecarbon and silica amorphous. The surface morphology of asphalt without silica addition presents a cluster of larger size than the cluster of asphalt with an addition of silica. The addition of silica increased significantly the thermal stability of the asphalt due to the formation of physically crosslinked silica network structure. DTA/TGA analyses produced that temperature decomposition increased with the increasing silica addition from 230 to 315 °C.

Keywords
Rice husk, Silica, Asphalt, Microstructure, Structure

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/RXH3ZmMECwxq

Corresponding Author
Nakarin Sinkiburin

Institutions
Physics Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, 73000,Thailand

Center of Excellence in Glass Technology and Materials Science (CEGM), Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand

Industrial Physics Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, 73000, Thailand

Abstract
In this paper, studied the refining effects of Sb2O3 and ultraviolet transmitting property of NaCaBSi glasses. These raw materials were weighted according to the (40-x)SiO2 :30B2O3 :20Na2O :10CaO :xSb2O3 where x=0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mol%. NaCaBSi glasses were obtained by using melt quenching technique and characterized by using density, refractive index, optical absorption spectra and the number of bubbles in glass measure as a function of different concentrations. The density (ρ), molar volume (VM) and refractive index obtained were found to increase with increases in the concentration of Sb2O3 in the glass matrix. The optical absorption spectra of glasses were measured in the wavelength of 200 – 1,100 nm. Number of bubbles in glass decrease when increasing Sb2O3 concentrations

Keywords
Sb2O3, NaCaBSi glasses, bubbles in glass, refining, molar volume

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/aGmFxBjWNwCL

Corresponding Author
Nurdin Siregar

Institutions
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Medan State University
Email: nurdinfis[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) doped ZnO Thin Film has been successfully synthesized using the sol-gel spin coating method. The materials was used in this research is zinc acetate dehydrate, magnesium, isopropanol and diethanolamine as the precursor material, doping, solvent and stabilizer. Magnesium (Mg) doped ZnO thin films with a variation of 0.5; 1,0; 1,5; 2.0 and 2.5% were deposited on the FTO conductive glass subtraction. The results of ZnO: Mg thin film characterization with XRD showed all hexagonal wurtize crystal structures with the smallest crystal size of 24 nm for 0.5% doping and 28 nm maximum for 2.5% Mg doping. The results of SEM characterization showed the morphology of ZnO: Mg thin films in the form of globular granules and almost uniform. The results of ZnO thin film characterization: with UV-Vis showed the greatest transmittance and absorbance values in the wavelength range of 350 nm to 400 nm.

Keywords
ZnO thin films, Magnesium (Mg), Sol-gel Spin Coating.

Topic
Nano-materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/HU6NhPL8Gtcd

Corresponding Author
Henni Sitompul

Institutions
a) Department of Physics Education, Pelita Harapan University, Tangerang, Indonesia

b) Faculty of Math and Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia

c) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia

d) National Nuclear Energy Egency of Indonesia, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia

Abstract
The development of Mg-based biomaterials in orthopedics has been extensively studied in the past 17 years. Various methods and compositions were developed to obtain Mg-based biomaterials that have mechanical properties and corrosion resistance which match the bone. One of the developments was done by composing Mg alloy with other material. In this research,will be synthesized biokomposit Mg6Zn-xHAp with sintering process at 3500C. The biocomposites were synthesized by mixing the HAp powder on the Mg6Zn powder mixture with the composition of 5%, 7% and 9% using ball milling for 30 minutes. Biocomposites were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Potensiostat. The SEM / EDS results showed that the Mg6Zn-xHAp biocomposite had microstructures whose grain size decreased as the HAp composition got larger with HAp at the grain boundaries only. The XRD pattern of Mg6Zn-xHAp biocomposite indicated that some of Zn atoms had dissolved in Mg to form a solid solution in the sintering process. The greater composition of HAp in the material results in a decrease of Zn in Mg. The greater composition of HAp in the material results in a smaller Zn solubility in Mg. In addition, XRD results also showed that the crystallite biocomposite size is smaller when the composition of HAp in it is greater. Thus, it can be said that HAp can act as a refiner of the Mg alloy. The presence of HAp in the material also affects the corrosion rate where the greater the composition of HAp in the material the smaller the corrosion rate of the resulting material.

Keywords
Mg6ZnHAp, Biocomposite, Hap, Mg6Zn

Topic
Biomaterials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MHFrjnVLTeRy

Corresponding Author
Sunantasak Ravangvong

Institutions
Physics Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand

Abstract
Sodium gadolinium phosphate oxide and sodium gadolinium oxyfluoride glasses doped with europium oxide were prepared by melt-quenching technique. The physical, optical properties of the glass samples were studied. The density, molar volume and refractive index of the glass samples were carried out. Density and molar volume of oxide glass is more than oxyfluoride glass. The average phosphate to phosphate distance for oxide glass seems to be more than oxyfluoride glass. Polaron radius, inter-ionic radius shows 1.181 nm, 2.88 nm and 1.174 nm, 2.86 nm for oxide glass and oxyfluoride glasses respectively. Oxide electronic Polarizability and optical basicity of the oxide glass are lower than oxy-fluoride glass. Theoretical optical basicity shows higher for oxide glass than oxyfluoride suggesting increase in covalency of the cation to oxygen bonds in oxide glass. Optical band gap were estimated and found to be 3.061eV and 3.204 eV for oxide and oxyfluoride glass. Theoretical two photon absorption coefficient β were evaluated and found to be 11.96 and 10.80 for oxide and oxyfluoride glasses respectively. Furthermore, the glasses were subjected to study for their luminescence properties of the oxide and oxyfluoride glass samples.

Keywords
Europium, Oxyfluoride, Tauc plot, Phosphate glass

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/KwPdv9hZt6LC

Corresponding Author
Made Dirgantara

Institutions
1Department of Physics, University of Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya, Indonesia
2Department of Chemistery, University of Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya, Indonesia
3Industry Research and Standardization Center, Ministry of Industry, Indonesia
4Study Program of Agricultural Industry Technology, Lambung Mangkurat University, Indonesia

Abstract
Torrefaction is thermochemical processes to make biomass a fuel that has better properties, such as increased carbon content and calorific value. It is a temperature sensitive process which is effective between 200 0C and 300 0C in an inert environment with a residence time of 20-60 minutes. Palm kernel shell is one of the biomass that has the potential to be used as fuel, where its availability is abundant and has good physical properties. In this study of palm kernel shell torrefaction was carried out from 0.5 cm sieve with three variations in temperature and residence time follows 250 0C - 300 0C and 20-40 minutes. The results obtained are the increase in temperature and residence time causes an increase in the calorific value but relatively on energy yield because of a large mass loss at a temperature of 300 0C. The optimum process for torrefaction palm kernel shell according to calorific value and energy yield is 275 0C with residence time 30 minutes.

Keywords
calorific value, energy yield, residence time, temperature, torrefaction

Topic
Energy and environment materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ZhMtYpde2aAk

Corresponding Author
Esmar Budi

Institutions
1Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Science,
Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta 13220
2Department of Physcis Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Science,
Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka I, Jakarta 13220

Abstract
In the present study, the effect of temperature during electrodeposition of Ni-TiN/Si3N4 and Ni-TiAlN/Si3N4 composite coatings have been studied. The electrodeposition process was carried out for 15 minutes with a current of 5 mA and three electrodes. Pt wire as the counter electrode, AgCl as the reference electrode and tungsten carbide (WC) as the working electrode. The electrolyte solution used consisted of 0,17 M NiCl2.6H2O, 0,38 M Ni2SO4.6H2O, 6 g/L TiN, 6 g/L AlN, 0,6 g/L Si3N4, 40 g/L H3BO3 and 0,6 g/L Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS). In this stydy, the temperature variations used were 35°C, 40°C and 45°C. The samples were characterized by using SEM, EDS, XRD and hardness test. The results and discussion were presented.

Keywords
Ni-TiAlN/Si3N4,Ni-TiAlN/Si3N4 composite layer, electrodeposition, surface morphology,temperature.

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6Zc93hJP8bef

Corresponding Author
Karya Sinulingga

Institutions
Universitas Negeri Medan

Abstract
This research Which was conducted to determine the best coatings on ferrous metals to prevent corrosion by using sol gel spin coating method. TiO2 coating material which is used the addition of epoxy resin binder. The comparison used in these TiO2 coatings: resin: hardener is 1:4:4. The process of synthesis TiO2 main materials used are TiCl3, distilled and NH4OH. From mixing these materials will be obtained precipitate and then the precipitate dried at a temperature of 200 °C for 6 hours to obtain titanium powder. This coating is done by varying the temperature of 100 °C, 125 °C, 150 °C for 1 hour with rotation speed of 3500 rpm. Crystal structure testing by using the XRD where known that the crystal structure formed the anatase phase. Testing the morphological structure were performed using SEM which produce images of TiO2 cubic shape. Testing the corrosion rate showed that the coated samples is more resistant to corrosion than the uncoated samples. The rate of corrosion on metal samples without coating is 40.0320 cm/year, while the rate of corrosion on metal coated sample was 2.8420 cm/year; 3.2440 cm/year; 3.5020 cm/year. Where each temperature is 100 °C, 125 °C, 150 °C

Keywords
TiO2, Corrosion rate

Topic
Nano-materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/W6v3heTyg2kw

Corresponding Author
Aulia Eka Putri

Institutions
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Medan, Indonesia

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the composition and size of red sand grains on concrete quality that made in the form of a 15x15x15 cm cube with SNI K-225 standard using a mixture 1:1,9:2,8 with FAS 0,6 with composition of red sand of (0, 2, 4, 5, 6.5)% of the weight of fine aggregate were used and variations in the size of red sand grains of (80, 100, 120)mesh. After treated in a water bath for 28 days, then its tested by the method of water absorption, pressure strength test, SEM and XRD. From the research results of SEM test variations of both affect the porosity of the concrete. XRD test results, obtained by the elements of SiO2, Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, with the highest intensity is SiO2 and the crystal structure formed is hexagonal. The results of the maximum concrete pressure strength test on the composition of 4% due to lower grain size variation of red sand with a grain size of 80 mesh red sand that is 32.3 MPa and has linearity from the results of testing the water absorption of concrete along with decreasing variations in the size of red sand grains.

Keywords
80 mesh Red Sand; 100 mesh Red Sand; 120 mesh Red Sand; Pressure Strength; Water Absorption; SEM; XRD

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JTuh6VNdpBc8

Corresponding Author
Setia Budi

Institutions
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Jl. Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta 13220
Indonesia

Abstract
Copper oxide (Cu2O) is known as a semiconductor that potentially employed as photocatalyst material in synthetic dyes photodegradation. The objectives of this work were to synthesise of Zn-doped Cu2O using electrodeposition technique and to investigate its photocatalysis performance in methylene blue (MB) solution. The electrodeposition processes were carried out in sulfate solution with two different pH, namely 4 and 5. Difference morphologies of hexagonal and pentagonal deposits were formed from the solution with pH 4 and 5, respectively. The deposits were composed by Cu2O and Cu phases, at which the high Cu2O composition was obtained at pH 4. Photodegradation investigation showed that 63.23% and 46.49 % MB was successfully decomposed with Zn-doped Cu2O electrodeposited at pH 4 and 5, respectively. This result indicated that photocatalytic activities of Zn-doped electrodeposited at pH 4 was higher than that of pH 5.

Keywords
Zn-doped Cu2O, electrodeposition, photocatalyst, methylene blue photodegradation

Topic
Thin film and application

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ewbDz2ZAr6Gu

Corresponding Author
Setia Budi

Institutions
Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Abstract
Polyaniline film was synthesised by electropolymerization method to produce conductive layer as a substrate for NiCo alloy preparation. The obtained film was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The electrodeposited polyaniline was emeraldine base with cross-linking and crevice morphology. The film was then employed as working electrode in NiCo electrodeposition. Morphological analysis showed a uniform surface of the metallic deposit was successfully grown onto the polyanyline film with Ni and Co composition of 59.66 wt.% and 29.47 wt%, respectively. This result shows the future application of the electroplymerised polyaniline as a host material for fabrication of ferromagnetic alloy using electrodeposition technique.

Keywords
Electropelymerisation

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dAXknup9TmNr

Corresponding Author
Hassakorn Wattanasarn

Institutions
a) Program of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, 680 Nittayo Road, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000 Thailand
*w_hussakorn[at]snru.ac.th
b) Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, 680 Nittayo Road, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000 Thailand

Abstract
A problem of fabricating piezoelectric tape ceramic was poor for density after sintering. Three-step sintering (3SS) techniques were prepared to obtain tape casting ceramic with density and piezoelectric properties better than conventional sintering (CS). Pb0.976K0.012 Bi0.012[(Zr0.53 Ti0.47)0.99 Nb0.01]O3 ceramic was synthesized using tape casting accompanied with sintering techniques. The green tapes were sintered on three steps temperature that is 870, 970, and 1070 °C, respectively, and compared with two steps over a wide sintering temperature range of 870, and 1050 °C, respectively. The optimum density, dielectric properties, polarization electric field loop, piezoelectric coefficient (d33), and mechanical coupling (kp) were attained by three step sintering. The enhanced remanent polarization of 40 μC cm^–1 and d33 value of 220 – 280 pC N^–1. In addition, kp was enhanced of 0.45 be able to obtain for the tape ceramic.

Keywords
Tape ceramic, Piezoelectric, Three-step sintering, Pb0.976K0.012 Bi0.012[(Zr0.53 Ti0.47)0.99 Nb0.01]O3, Polarization

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2hJXdk7bjauE

Corresponding Author
khusnul khotimah

Institutions
Center for Nuclear Standardization and Quality, National Nuclear Energy Agency, Indonesia

Abstract
Land needs for energy infrastructure needs, such as the construction of the planned NPP in Jepara, Central Java, often lead to conflicts with the communities because they consider the existence of this infrastructure will Cause environmental damage. One of the solutions studied to improve the development and move the nuclear power plant is to move the location of the nuclear power plant from land to offshore. Besides, Indonesia has a potentially special offshore site on the eastern Sumatra coastline, northern Java coastline, and the Kalimantan coastline. The purpose of this paper is to review the environmental aspects of the implementation of GBS Nuclear power plant in Indonesia. The method used is the review of the literature and subsequently conducted a descriptive analysis. The results showed that SMART offshore NUCLEAR power plants should be considered because it offers clean energy sources, improved safety aspects, availability of offshore sites, and better community of acceptance.

Keywords
environmental assessment, smart offshore NPP, technology

Topic
Energy and environment materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vQbJnEDKW7mX

Corresponding Author
Djoko Hadi Prajitno

Institutions
Center for Nuclear Science and Technology Application

Abstract
The corrosion behavior on commercial stainless steel SS 304 in nanofluids water-Al2O3 system at pH 3 until 7 conditions have been investigated using electrochemical methods. The electrochemical tests were performed with and without the addition chlor to adjust of pH nanofluid condition, which are acidic (pH 3.2,4, 5.6) and neutral (pH 7) at ambient temperature. The electrochemical technique used in this study, were open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results of open circuit potential tests showed that the corrosion potential (Ecorr) values of stainless steel 304 at four pH values are slightly different between pH neutral and acidic. The chromium oxide (Cr2O3) film formed on stainless steel is more stable in neutral than in acidic with the presence of Cl. This shows that the interaction between nanofluids and the stainless steel have no significant effect onto its corrosion behavior. However, potentiodynamic polarisation of stainless steel SS 304 in nanofluid with the absence of Chlor showed the lowest corrosion than stainless steel at condition in acidic pH. Eis study shows that stainless steel SS 304 in nanofluid with the absence of Chlor (neutral) showed the higher impedance than stainless steel at condition in acidic pH. The higher impedance indicated that the passive film of Cr2O3 formed on the surface of stainless steel. In terms of corrosion rate values, stainless steel alloy showed the best corrosion rate in neutral pH nanofluid compare acidic pH.

Keywords
SS 304,corrosion ,Nanofluid,Al2O3,acid, neutral

Topic
Nano-materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cWb7vhN4txa9

Corresponding Author
Hariyati Lubis

Institutions
University of Amir Hamzah, Medan, Indonesia, 20219

Abstract
Coconut Shell actived Nanocarbon to Lightweight Concrete have done. LWC mixture of CS actived nanocarbon fillers made by mixing PPC cement, sand, broken stone, coconut shell actived nanocarbon fillers and water in various proportions. The ratio of CS actived nanocarbon on filler used ( x = 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%), with the aim of getting a different level of compressive strength testing. The particle size of activated CS carbon using the high temperature physical activation method 800C and chemistry (immersion of ZnCl2 solution) has an average diameter of 4,842.8 nm. The SEM shows that high porosity occurs and the shape is not homogeneous. EDS analysis to determine the composition of the elements in the sample is known that the CS activated carbon samples have a maximum value in the element Carbon, Oxygen. The sample of CS actived Nanocarbon to LWC x= 0% ,the results of the maximum value of % mass and % atom are the elements Oxygen, Carbon, and Calcium. For x = 10% the maximum value are the elements Oxygen, Carbon, and Silicon. The value of the strength of the objects in the CS activated carbon filler concrete sample (x= 5%) has maximum strength value 12.9 Mpa

Keywords
Coconut Shell, Nanocarbon, Lightweight

Topic
Nano-materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bvdgGPtYQZmN

Corresponding Author
Phanawan Whangdee

Institutions
(a) Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
(b) Advanced Materials and Renewable Energy Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
(c) School of Physics, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
(d) Research Unit of Advanced Ceramics, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
(e) Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

Abstract
The anodized films were fabricated by electrochemical anodization of Ti-6Al-4V in an H3PO4/ C2H5OH/NH4F electrolyte. The surface morphology was determined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The surface roughness was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), the chemical species were measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the hydrophilicity was measured by the contact angle measurement. The results show that the surface morphology, surface roughness chemical species and hydrophilicity of the anodized films change during anodizing process. The two-step anodization using 0.2 mA/cm2 in 1M H3PO4 + 80 % V/V C2H5OH + 1 wt % NH4F could enhance hydrophilicity to the anodized films. The findings indicate that the hydrophilicity was enhanced due to the increased roughness and OH group on the surface of the anodized films.

Keywords
Hydrophilicity, Fluoride, Low current density, Two-step anodization

Topic
Biomaterials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/FhUyBAHErp7G

Corresponding Author
wattana photankham

Institutions
Piezoelectric Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and development institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Thailand

Abstract
The (1-x)Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-xKNbO3 samples were synthesized by solid state reaction method. The samples were investigating on the crystalline structure, dielectric and ferroelectric properties. XRD pattern were exhibited the microstructure and tetragonal phase for all samples with sintering temperature at 1200 ºC. The results that should 0.2KNbO3 was obtained coexists between tetragonal to cubic phases. The dielectric constant obviously was increased from adding 0.3KNbO3, while the dielectric loss slightly decreases. The P-E loops of sample ceramic showed the ferroelectric behavior, as well as normally ferroelectric and relaxor ferroelectric. In addition, the good ferroelectric properties exhibited Ec = 7.24 kV/cm, Pr = 13.38 µC/cm2 for 0.5KNbO3, which it originated to the contributions of the perovskite structure (tetragonal phase).

Keywords
Microstructure, Dielectric properties, Polarizability, Solid state reaction, Hysteresis loop

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/WpBYj3JNv2fQ

Corresponding Author
Metarsit Klinbanmor

Institutions
a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
b) Research Center for Academic Excellence in Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
*researchcmu[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
Lead-free Bi0.5(Na0.68K0.22Li0.10)0.5TiO3 + 0.003mol Sm2O3 (BNKLT-Sm) ceramics were synthesized via solid-state combustion techniques with calcination of 750–850°C and sintering temperature between 1025 and 1100°C for 2 h. The results showed that increasing the calcination temperature, the percent perovskite phase and particle size of the BNKLT-Sm powders were increased. The BNKLT-Sm powder calcined at 800°C provided the best condition without inducing any impurity phase. For the sintered ceramics, the influence of the sintering temperature on phase formation, microstructure and electrical properties was investigated. All samples sintered at different temperatures possessed a coexisting phase between rhombohedral (R) phase and tetragonal (T) phase and the R phase became dominant when sintering temperature increased. The microstructure of all ceramics showed a rectangular shape and anisotropic growth. The average grain size increased with increasing of sintering temperature. Dielectric and ferroelectric behavior displayed relaxor characteristics in all samples. The maximum dielectric constant at Tm (m) of 4777 and the high remnant polarization (Pr) of 5.03 µC/cm2 were obtained by the densest ceramics (5.85 g/cm3), which sintered at 1075°C.

Keywords
BNKLT-Sm; solid-state combustion; dielectric; ferroelectric

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dAEPGFbWgwkx

Corresponding Author
Dewi Wulandari

Institutions
1Physics Department, Universitas Negeri Medan, Jalan Willem Iskandar, Pasar V, Medan Estate 20221, Indonesia.
2 Theoretical High Energy Physics and Instrumentation Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132, Indonesia.

Abstract
One contribution of Einstein-s equation is the existence of gravitational waves. The weak gravitational waves are solutions of the linearized Einstein-s equation around a Minkowski spacetime. By using a certain coordinate freedom, waves propagate at the speed of light and propagating plane waves in z-direction gives two polarization states. The geodesic equation gives an oscillating proper distance of two rest particles when gravitational wave passes, while for proper time, no time dilatation meaning each particle has the same proper time. The fluctuation effect of gravitational waves causes ripples in spacetime making each particle feels a tidal acceleration.

Keywords
gravitational waves, Minkowski spacetime

Topic
Physics related sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/XeJVRFQxTP7Z

Corresponding Author
Dani Gustaman Syarif

Institutions
Center for Applied Nuclear Science and Technology (PSTNT)-BATAN
Jl. Tamansari 71, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
Telp. 62-22-2503997, Fax: 62-22-2504081
Corresponding author email: danigus[at]batan.go.id

Abstract
Water is widely used as a heat carrier in various devices such as automotive and nuclear reactors. Because of its better thermal characteristics, currently nanofluid is a candidate for replacing water and other conventional cooling fluids such as ethylene glycol and oil as a heat carrier. In this study, Al2O3 nanoparticles have been synthesized by the hydrothermal method for heat transfer nanofluid as an alternative to the new cooling fluid. Nanoparticles were synthesized using AlCl3 as a precursor, and urea was used as a capping agent. The hydrothermal process was carried out at 175oC for 17 hours. The hydrothermal product was dried and then calcined at 500oC for 1 hour. The resulting Al2O3 nanoparticles were analyzed using XRD, FTIR, and TEM. Nanofluids were prepared from these nanoparticles by dispersing them into the water as a base fluid. Nanofluid characterization was carried out through Critical Heat Flux (CHF) measurements. According to the XRD data, the Al2O3 nanoparticles produced were gamma-alumina with a crystallite size of 4 nm. The BET specific surface area was 302 m2/g. From the TEM image, it was known that the nanoparticles formed a cluster of rod-shaped particles. FTIR data shows the presence of OH groups on the surface of the nanoparticles. The Al2O3 nanofluids made were known to be stable with an average zeta potential of 54 mV. Compared to water, the CHF enhancement of this nanofluid increased by 111%. The nanofluid has the potential to be used as a cooling fluid for ECCS, RVCS, refrigeration, and metal machining process.

Keywords
Hydrothermal, Al2O3, nanofluid, Critical Heat Flux, heat transfer

Topic
Nano-materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CxgKP9qp7V82

Corresponding Author
Henry Dinus Hutabarat

Institutions
Universitas Graha Nusantara Padangsidimpuan

Abstract
Understanding the concept of physics can be influenced by methods used in the learning process. With the cooperative method of type STAD and mapping concept can be seen the level of understanding of physics concept. Both methods are applied to the physics learning process in SMA Negeri 2 Padangsidimpuan class XI semester 2. This test was conducted on two classes with a total of 64 students. This class is divided into control classes and experimental classes. Samples were taken using purposive sampling. From sampling it can be seen that the average pretest on the experimental class is 71.9 and posttets 77.8. So that the average understanding of students who are given an inkuri treatment method is 28.38%. While the average pretets on the control class 65.8 and posttets 72.19. The average increase in the learning outcomes of students given an expository method is 15.02%. Based on test calculation result of tCount > tTable, or > 1.677. This means Ha is acceptable, that is, there is a cooperative influence of the STAD type to understand the physics concept of students.

Keywords
Understanding Concepts, Cooperative Method, Type STAD

Topic
Physics related sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9HJkMCvgAhbW

Corresponding Author
Sigit Dwi Yudanto

Institutions
a) Department of Physics, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
*azwar[at]ui.ac.id
b) Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Gedung 470, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia
c) Department of Materials, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya, East Java, 60111, Indonesia
d) Research Center for Physics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Gedung 440, South Tangerang, Banten, Puspiptek, 15314, Indonesia

Abstract
The results of the influence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) doping on lattice parameters, the critical temperature and electrical resistivity in MgB2 superconductor are reported. The synthesis road for MgB2 was mechanical milling of all material components which followed by a solid-state reaction at a temperature of 800°C for 1 hour in the open air. Structurally, the CNTs addition for MgB2 was found to decrease the unit cell volume due to a decrease in the a-axis value from 3.086 Å to 3.078 and 3.074 Å when doped with 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% CNTs respectively. The change in structural constants was also accompanied by a modification in the critical temperature of the sample materials which were 39.20 and 38.02 K respectively as evaluated by the cryogenic magnet. In this report, we discuss phase evaluation by a quantitative XRD analysis, the microstructure of doped materials and their respective resistivity value as a function of temperature varied from 5 K to room temperature.

Keywords
MgB2, doping, carbon nanotubes, structural, critical temperature

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kZXULCVxmwy9

Corresponding Author
Kerista Tarigan

Institutions
Department of Physics, FMIPA, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Department of Chemistry, FMIPA, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract
An investigational study of the impulse-electric field on an increase in the potential of nerve membranes, increased ion absorption of Na, K, Cl, has been conducted. The aim of this study is not only to observe the performance of the electric field as a source of energy but also to look the effective, efficient and non-thermally disabling, disinfecting the microorganisms. Based on the result of research, qualitatively with object of parasitic nematode, there is tenfold increase possibly in critical nervous membrane from normal potential, in intensity of electrical field of 13.33 – 18.66 kV/cm in angle, θ = 44.41˚, and comparative membrane dielectric decreased to 0.2, it led to dielectric rupture, non-active effects, and needs an energy only 0.64 mJ for twenty triggers, with condition of electrode potential of 6.3 kV.

Keywords
Impulse-electric field, nematode, nerve membranes

Topic
Energy and environment materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/hZJW4TfYDk3a

Corresponding Author
Pradita Ajeng Wiguna

Institutions
(a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
pradita.ajeng[at]ui.ac.id
*cuk.imawan[at]sci.ui.ac.id

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are widely studied because of their superior properties so they are widely used in various applications. Structural modification with the right synthesis method is key to obtaining superior properties of silver nanoparticles. In this experiment, gamma irradiation methods have been used to synthesize silver nanoparticles. This method has been carried out using a solution of AgNO3 metal salt with different molarities, namely 1, 10, 100 and 1000mM then for each molarity were placed in a solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The irradiation process was carried out in the cobalt-60 gamma source chamber at doses from 0 to 20kGy with a dose rate of 4.84kGy/h. This process results in a deep yellow Ag/PVA colloid nanoparticles. Increasing the molarity of the AgNO3 causes a decrease in the gamma dose applied. The properties and structure of Ag/PVA nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Particle Size Analyzer and Transmission Electron Microscopy. The optical absorption spectra of Ag/PVA nanoparticles were measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and showed that the absorption peak was observed at wavelengths of 421-409nm. The absorption intensity increases with increasing gamma dose and reaches the maximum value at a dose of 10kGy. The resulting Ag/PVA nanoparticles have a size below 50nm. The results of the PSA and TEM analysis showed that Ag/PVA nanoparticles show increased stability because of the role of PVA in the synthesis process.

Keywords
Gamma irradiation; polyvinyl alcohol; silver nanoparticles

Topic
Nano-materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jhpFt9nW7Lfr

Corresponding Author
Fitriani -

Institutions
1 Doctoral Student Program of Universitas Negeri Medan ,Indonesia
2Departement of Physics Universitas Negeri Medan ,Indonesia
Corresponding author ,Email : nurdinbukit5[at]gmail.com

Abstract
This research aims to get product of learning device of science. The research method which is a research and development (R & D) research with the model of Gall, Gall and Borg. This study finds integrated Science learning model of comic based student books. This product has been validated by a team of experts stating that the ingredients have been performed in accordance with appropriate methods and procedures for needs analysis, planning, evaluation and stages for using the materials for the study. The results of trials on the use of product results that have a real impact on student learning outcomes. The implications of the findings of this study provide inspiration and rolemodel for other teachers in designing their learning materials

Keywords
Integrated Learning, Inquiry Training, Comics

Topic
Physics related sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/a6dwm4EjGXK9

Corresponding Author
Kitipun Boonin

Institutions
(a)Physics Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, NakhonPathomRajabhat University, NakhonPathom, 73000, Thailand
(b) Center of Excellence in Glass Technology and Materials Science (CEGM), Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
(c)Thermoelectric Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, 680 Nittayo Rd. Mueang District, Sakon Nakon Province, 47000, Thailand

Abstract
In this work, CuGdO2 were prepared through the sintering of mixtures of CuO and Gd2O3 powders at 1373 K. The Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity were measured by ZEM-3 series in low pressure helium gas atmosphere at temperature ranges of 325520 K. The result shown that, electrical resistivity and power factor decrease with increasing of temperature while the power factor show the opposite trend. The power factor was calculated by P=S2/ (where S is Seebeck coefficient and  is electrical resistivity) and The highest value obtained for the power factor was 4.47 W1m1K2 at 520 K.

Keywords
n-type, CuAlO2, Thermoelectric properties

Topic
Energy and environment materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jwe8TzpQ2AKm

Corresponding Author
NISAKORN SANGWANATEE

Institutions
Informatics Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand

Abstract
Sodium aluminium barium phosphate glasses doped with different concentration of Pr2O3 were synthesized by melt quench technique. These glasses were varied concentrations of Pr2O3 at 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mol%. Their physical properties like density () and refractive index (n) were measured at room temperature. Also, optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra of these glasses have been acquired at room temperature. It was found that the intensity were increase with increasing concentration of Pr2O3. UV-Vis and NIR (250-2500 nm) spectra have been measured for all studied glass samples and discussed. The photoluminescence spectra recorded under 445 nm excitation exhibited the emission bands at 528, 598 and 639 nm corresponding to the emission transitions 3P1 → 3H5, 1D2 → 3H4, and 3P0 → 3F2 respectively. The Judd-Ofelt (JO) parameters Ωλ (λ = 2, 4 and 6) have been calculated to explore the bonding environment around the Pr3+ ions. The CIE chromacity color coordinates (x,y) are calculated from the emission spectra which indicates the located in the yellow-orange region. The prepared glasses are potential candidates for laser applications.

Keywords
optical properties, Luminescence

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gnXaCzvJ7dA2

Corresponding Author
NARONG SANGWANATEE

Institutions
1Electronics Technology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Huamark Bangkapi Bangkok Thailand. 10240
2Department of Electronics, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut-s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
3Applied Physics Research Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand

Abstract
In this paper will present the properties of PN diode before and after expose by radiation. Although, radiation help to improve the performance of semiconductor device but still has some damage in device structure. In previous article I have showed performance improve after expose by soft radiation. The device is exposed by X-ray radiation with few second for several times. In principle of PN diode after fabrication will has defects from process such as ion implantation, doping and silicon wafer process. The results show temperature while X-ray expose on device that generate high temperature on surface and silicon boundary that may the optimize energy and expose time for treatment damage of PN diode.

Keywords
X-ray ; PN Diode

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/FUzn9BE67hex

Corresponding Author
Indrayani Indrayani

Institutions
1Civil Engineering Department, Muhammadiyah University of North Sumatera
2Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, 20221

Abstract
Trains are a means of transportation that is used by people to avoid congestion. However, the train station is one of the most frequently exposed to noise. This is due to the sound intensity of the operational activities in the location. Passengers and station officers are environmental components exposed to noise. In this study the value of sound intensity level at the railway station of Medan city is measured using Sound Level Meter. This measurement was carried out for six days. The highest sound intensity level for the train departs by 96,67 dB and for the train arrival of 96,66 dB. While the lowest sound intensity level of train departures is 81,41 dB and the arrival of trains is 83,75 dB. It can be noted that the high level of sound intensity is sourced from the friction of the wheels with the rail surface, notification speakers and train horns. It can also be used to find the most appropriate solution to reduce the noise level in the railway station area

Keywords
Sound Intensity, Rail Way Station, Sound level Meter

Topic
Sensing materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9fNp86KTxdHv