Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Arie Listyarini

Institutions
(a) Department of Physics, Universitas Indonesia
*cuk.imawan[at]sci.ui.ac.id

Abstract
Studies on mechanical and barrier properties of Cassava starch/PVA composites reinforced with pineapple leaf nanocellulose have been done to obtain an alternative new biodegradable food packaging. The aim of this research is to investigate changes of mechanical and barrier properties of cassava starch/PVA/Nanocellulose compared with cassava starch/PVA composite. Composition of Starch/PVA was 50:50 with nanocellulose concentration vary from 1, 3, 6 and 10% in bionanocomposites. Tensile strength, elongation, and water vapor transmission rate were used to evaluate the mechanical and barrier of bionanocomposite films. The microstructure was evaluated using FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. Results showed that increasing the concentration of nanocellulose decreasing the tensile strength and elongation of bionanocomposites. Nanocellulose decreased the transparency of the composite films. Addition of 1% nanocellulose increased the WVTR and then the WVTR of bionanocomposite films containing 3 – 10% nanocellulose decreased up to 10 – 20%.

Keywords
nanocellulose, bionanocomposites, mechanical properties, water barrier properties

Topic
Biomaterials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/wKHeVkj2htYD

Corresponding Author
Juan Randy Simamora

Institutions
1Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Physics, University of Quality, Berastagi, North Sumatera, Indonesia
2Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Physics, Medan State University, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
3Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Physics, University of North Sumatera, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia

Abstract
Development of technology, driving a lot of demand for materials that are cheaper, durable, and environmentally friendly for various purposes, especially in the automotive field. The most important safety feature of any vehicle is its braking system. The ability of brakes is to provide safe and repeatable stopping, which is related to safety of automobiles and human. In this study, candlenut shells and coconut shells are used as composite materials in the manufacture of brake linings. The presented research work investigates/explore the mechanical properties of brake pad composites formed candlenuts shell and coconut shell composite and wear performance of friction materials. The specific wear rate generally increases with the increase in applied load and sliding speed for all compositions.

Keywords
brake pad, candlenut shell, coconut shell, composite

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MwEuLFfWvdCD

Corresponding Author
Nurdin Bukit,M.Si

Institutions
1Department of physics, Universitas Negeri Medan,Indonesia
2Faculty of Engineering ,Universitas Quality ,Indonesia
3Department of physics, Universitas Quality Berastagi ,Indonesia
coresponding author * : nurdinbukit5[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Abstract. This study aims to determine the mechanical properties of natural rubber compounds with variations of OPBA nanoparticle fillers and carbon black. Preparation methods for natural rubber compounds using Open Mill. Indonesian rubber standard -20 (SIR-20) mixed with anti-oxidants, activators, curing agents, accelerators and OPBA nanoparticle fillers size 56.31 nm and commercial Carbon black type (N330) with variations (0,2,6,6 and 8)% wt. The results showed that tensile strength increased with the increase in the composition of OPBA nanoparticles and carbon black, as well as the elongation of break and hardness. The best composition of OPBA filler 8% wt showed a hardness of 52 Shore A, a tensile strength of 1.7 MPa, an elongation of break 150%. The best composition of carbon black 8% wt filler with a hardness of 55 Shore A, a tensile strength of 2.5 MPa, elongation breakdown of 140%

Keywords
OPBA, Carbon black,Natural Rubber Compounds

Topic
Nano-materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BtEcm7hMzRWb

Corresponding Author
Erfan Handoko

Institutions
a).Dept of Physics. Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Jalan Rawamangun Muka 13220. Jakarta Indonesia
*) erfan[at]unj.ac.id
b).Dept. of Physics. Syiah Kuala University. Banda Aceh. Indonesia
c).Dept. of Physics, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, 65145 Malang, Indonesia
d).Dept. of Electrical Engineering. Universitas Mercu Buana. Jalan Meruya Selatan No.1 Jakarta. Indonesia.

Abstract
In order to study a new microwave absorbing ability, magnetic materials of BaFe12O19 and BaFe10CoZnO19 were synthesized by ceramic method. Microwave absorbing ability of multi nanolayer absorbers, composed of BaFe12O19 and and BaFe10CoZnO19 with a layer thickness of 25 nm, 50 nm, 75 nm, 100 nm, 200, nm, 300 nm, 500 nm and 1000 nm were characterized at room temperature using vector network analyzer (VNA) Rohde‐Schwarz ZVA 67 to measure the reflected signal (S11) and transmitted signal (S21) for 7 – 13 GHz frequencies. Reflection loss (RL) of multi nanolayer magnetic materials were calculated and simulated using the transmit line theory. the microwave absorption abilites were enhanced for multilayer structure due to the combination of nano layers. The optimal absorption ability was achieved with less than − 30 dB (i.e. 99.9 % absorption) when thicknesses of layer were less than 500 nm.

Keywords
BaFe12O19, BaFe10CoZnO19, reflection loss, multi nanolayer absorbers

Topic
Nano-materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/VTcXmjWt38RG

Corresponding Author
Don Jaya Putra

Institutions
Bandung Institut of Technology
Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*donjayaputra2016[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Sitinjau Laut area of Padang city is very prone to landslides because it has a very steep terrain (70º to 85º), improper land use and high rainfall. In the context of investigating potential landslides in this region, landslide potential analysis was carried out in five locations with a rating method for seven variables; slope, soil and rock structure, effective soil depth, rock weathering level, land use, vegetation density and rainfall. The total value of each location is, the first location has a total value of 26 with a category of severe landslide potential, the second location has a total value of 26 with a category of severe landslide potential, the third location has a total value of 24 with a category of severe landslide potential, the fourth location has a total value 21 with a moderate landslide potential category and the fifth location has a total value of 22 with a moderate landslide potential category. It is hoped that this research can provide input to the Regional Government in the context of landslide mitigation in the region. So that the risks posed by landslides can be minimized for the future.

Keywords
Landslides, disaster mitigation, debris, physical, region

Topic
Physics related sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/D7Xz4PkW6LVC

Corresponding Author
Fatimah Arofiati Noor

Institutions
Department of Physics, Physics of Electronic Materials Research Division,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*Email: fatimah[at]fi.itb.ac.id

Abstract
In this study, the spin-polarized currents in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) with a Fe/GaAs/Fe structure were calculated by considering the Dresselhaus effect. First, the transmittance was calculated using the Airy wave function approach, where it was found that the electron transmittance for each spin state is different and the incident angle affects electron transmittance and electron polarization. It was further shown that electron polarization is also affected by the electron energy and the barrier width, and that the electron transmittance is quasi-symmetric to the incident angle. The obtained transmittances were subsequently used to calculate the spin-polarized current in the MTJ, where it was found that the current density for both spin states increases with the addition of external voltage. It was also shown that the current density increases as the barrier width decreases. In addition, the temperature and the incident angle of the electrons affect the current density, where the maximum current density is obtained when the electrons come in a direction perpendicular to the barrier. We herein determined analytically that a high device performance of the MTJ could be achieved by simply controlling the device parameters of barrier width, temperature and incident angle of the electron.

Keywords
Dresselhaus term, Magnetic tunnel junction, Spin-polarized current, Transmittance, Zinc blende material

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3t2XTu9prC7M

Corresponding Author
Nya Daniaty Malau

Institutions
a) Physics Education Department, Universitas Kristen Indonesia
*malaunyadaniaty[at]gmail.com
b) Chemistry Education Department, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Abstract
The aims of this research is to analysis the potential Quercetin 3,4-dimethyl ether 7-alpha-LArabinofuranosyl-(1-6)-glucoside as an inhibitor Plasmodium falciparum Enoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase (PfENR) compound for antimalaria. The method used to analysis the potential Quercetin 3,4-dimethyl ether 7-alpha-LArabinofuranosyl-(1-6)-glucoside as an antimalaria was insilico approach by molecular docking using Autodock Vina. Based on the free energy parameter analized , the value of free energy is -11.6 kcal /mol with 5 repetisions. The free energy value from the analysis results was quite low, this means that Quercetin 3,4-dimethyl ether 7-alpha-LArabinofuranosyl-(1-6)-glucoside is stable to be used as an inhibitor of Plasmodium falciparum Enoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase (PfENR). Because the lower the free energy of a molecule the more stable the molecule. Based on hydrogen bond parameters, there were hydrogen bonds in Quercetin 3,4-dimethyl ether 7-alpha-LArabinofuranosyl-(1-6)-glucoside and PfENR receptors. This shows that Quercetin 3,4-dimethyl ether 7-alpha-LArabinofuranosyl-(1-6)-glucoside binding PfENR receptors to strong and stable. Based on the parameters of the analysis of Ligand and Receptor Interactions also showed that Quercetin 3,4-dimethyl ether 7-alpha-LArabinofuranosyl-(1-6)-glucoside compounds were stable used as Plasmodium falciparum Enoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase (PfENR inhibitors for antimalaria.

Keywords
docking; inhibitor; Quercetin; antimalaria;

Topic
Physics related sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pRe2MzBd4u9r

Corresponding Author
Indah Nursyamsi Handayani

Institutions
a) Department of Electromedical Engineering, Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta II, Jakarta 12120, Indonesia
indah.nursyamsi[at]poltekkesjkt2.ac.id
b) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
*cuk.imawan[at]sci.ui.ac.id

Abstract
Detection of absorbed dose in materials were irradiated is one method for monitoring irradiation processes. Dyes that are sensitive to ionizing radiation has the potential to used as radiation detectors. This article will report on the fabrication of gamma-rays detector using natural red dyes obtained from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HS) calyxes extract. The HS extract solution was made using a simple extraction method which was carried out by soaking the dried HS calyxes with double distilled water as a solvent for 24 hours. Gammacell irradiator with Cobalt-60 radiation source was used to test the sensitivity of HS extract solution to gamma radiation with a dose of 1-10 kGy. UV-Vis spectrophotometer was used to the characterization of optical properties of HS extract solution. After gamma irradiation, it was observed the color of the HS extract solution faded slightly from dark red to more transparent red color along with increasing doses. The results of UV-Vis characterization showed maximum absorbance of HS extract solution at 523 nm and a decrease in absorbance of 95% after irradiation at a dose of 10 kGy. The HS extract solution is stable in the dark storage conditions at the refrigerator up to 30 days of storage.

Keywords
Gamma-rays detector, Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract, irradiation

Topic
Sensing materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bW3JGXUQFLmd

Corresponding Author
Yaowalak Yamsuk

Institutions
Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Thailand

Abstract
The tellurite glasses doped with Nd3+ ion were prepared with the compositions (55-x)TeO2-10ZnF2-35BaO-xNd2O3 (where x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50 1.00 and 1.50 mol%) by the normal melt quenching technique and characterized the spectroscopic properties. The spectroscopic properties of tellurite glasses measured from the absorption and emission measurements with Judd-Ofelt analysis. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirms the amorphous nature. UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra of tellurite glasses divulged nine significant peaks. The absorption peaks slightly increase with increasing of Nd3+ concentration. The NIR emission spectra at 1069, 1341 nm have been registered for Nd3+ in tellurite glasses, which corresponds to the transitions originating from 4F3/2 level to the 4I11/2 and 4I13/2 levels of Nd3+ ion, respectively, under the excitation of 523 nm. The results indicate that the prepared glass system could be a suitable candidate for using it as laser gain media around 1069 nm.

Keywords
tellurite glasses, Nd3+ ion, Judd-Ofelt analysis

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qbMAyTm26zGB

Corresponding Author
Kohei YAMANOI

Institutions
Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University

Abstract
For decades, nuclear fusion has been studied in key research institutions all over the world. Understanding the dynamics of the imploded fusion-plasma is a key issue in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. Scattered-neutron diagnostics is one of the most desirable methods in studying the fuel aerial density of the imploded plasma.　In this method, a sufficiently fast-response neutron scintillator is necessary for time-of-flight measurement. We report the optical properties of rare-earth (RE) -doped APLF [20Al(PO3)3-80LiF] glasses as fast-response scintillators. The optical properties were characterized using photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation of the Pr3+- and Ce3+-doped APLF glass samples for doping concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 3.0 mol%. The APLF glass doped with Pr3+ revealed rich emission bands under 180, 217, and 430-440 nm excitations. The broad emission from 228 to 371 nm for both excitations were assigned to the interconfigurational 4f5d and intraconfigurational 4f transitions of Pr3+ ions. The intensity of the emission peaks was observed to increase as a result of increasing Pr3+ concentration. In contrast, the APLF glass doped with Ce3+ exhibited intense emission at 340 nm under 240 to 400 nm excitation which originated from the 4f5d transition of Ce3+ ions. There was no fluorescence from 4f transitions, but the strong emission peak at 340 nm was shifted to shorter wavelengths with decreasing Ce3+ concentration. The decay times of APLF80+Pr3+ were constant at different temperatures from 0K to 300K and became faster with increased doping concentration from 19 ns (0.5% Pr3+) to 16 ns (3.0% Pr3+). The decay times of APLF80+Ce3+ glasses were the same in the range from 38 to 41 ns regardless of Ce concentration. These results highlight that the scintillation decay times from both Pr3+- and Ce3+-doped APLF glasses are significantly faster than conventional glass scintillators and therefore an advantage for fast-response scintillator applications.

Keywords
scintillator; glass materials

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/K8BqcAVzQ9vT

Corresponding Author
Arinto Yudi Ponco Wardoyo

Institutions
Laboratory of Air Quality and Astro Imaging
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University
Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
Particulate matters with the diameter less than 2.5 µm or PM2.5, have known to the health adverse. The developing of a measurement system of PM2.5 with a high precision has become a challenge in the last decade. We design the system using a NOVA SDS011 sensor to measure PM2.5 concentration. The problem is that the sensor has a capacity to measure particulate matter in the range of 0.3 to 10 µm, meanwhile we would like to design the measurement system of PM2.5 with the high precision. The other this is how to optimize the sensor. The factor influenced the sensor optimization has been investigated, such as the range of the particle measurement, a sample flow and sample compartment. The PM2.5 measurement system was calibrated using the 3443 Kanomax dust monitor. The result is that the system works well with the filter take into a role to the PM2.5 concentration measurement, and the sample flow and compartment that are the important factor to increase the precision of 20 %.

Keywords
PM2.5, measurement system, NOVA SDS011 sensor, precision

Topic
Physics related sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/RhcrxnDNyAm2

Corresponding Author
Afrida Hafizhatul Ulum

Institutions
a) Instrumentation and Computational Physics, Department of Physics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
*afridahafizhatul[at]gmail.com
b) National Electronics and Computer Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand

Abstract
Here, we report an efficient approach to optimize the performance of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. The geometry of the SERS substrate consists of the Au film deposited on polymer grating. Firstly, an optimized value of grating geometries and Au thickness has been performed by rigorous-coupled wave analysis (RCWA).The SERS substrate were fabricated by the laser interference lithography (LIL) and magnetron sputtering of Au thin films. The effect of the Au thin film prepared by magnetron sputtering at different deposition time (5-180 s) and operated pressure (3-5 mTorr) on the SERS performance were investigated and compared with the RCWA simulation results. The morphology of the obtained samples was observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The results indicated that optimal SERS substrate with deposition time of 180 s and 3 mTorr-operated pressure was obtained. The limit of detection for methylene blue (MB) and methyl parathinon were evaluated at 10^(-4) M and 10^(-2) M, respectively. Moreover, our SERS substrate shows the application of a portable Raman spectrophotometer which also promising for on-site pesticide substance detection.

Keywords
SERS, Au film, RCWA, laser interference lithography, Pesticide

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/4Mgq7bkrwDzx

Corresponding Author
Sukmawati Sukmawati

Institutions
Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Medan, Jl. GedungArca No. 52, North Sumatera, 20217, Indonesia.

Abstract
Generally lubricants that are often found in the market are made from petroleum or petroleum base oil. With the depletion of petroleum reserves, the basic raw material for making lubricating oil is less, which can meet the needs of Indonesia. This is predicted to lead to scarcity of lubricants in the market or the increasingly expensive lubricants due to imports from abroad. Palm Fatty Acid Destilate (PFAD) has a high enough potential to be used as a raw material for oleochemical products, one of which is solid lubricant. This is due to the composition of the fatty acids found in PFAD not much different from the composition of fatty acids found in palm oil. This research aims to determine the formulation of solid lubricants (grease) from PFAD and compound (Al-Ca) metal soap as thickener which has the characteristics of approaching SNI solid lubricants and knowing the quality of the solid lubricants produced. The method used in making solid lubricants (grease) consists of two steps. The first step is the process of making mixed metal soap (Al-Ca) by mixing PFAD and Al(OH)3 - Ca(OH)¬2 and analyzing the mixed metal soap. The second stage is the manufacture of solid lubricants (grease) from mixed metal soap (Al-Ca) and PFAD and analyzes the products produced. Based on the research that has been done, the optimum solid lubricant that is in accordance with SNI standards is obtained in the composition A1: B1, A1 is the ratio of Al(OH)3:Ca(OH)2 = 90%:10% and B1 which is the ratio of metal soaps: PFAD = 10 %: 90%, so the density is 0,95 gr / ml and the penetration value is 194 (25 0C), the dropping point is 9710C and NLGI 4.

Keywords
Keywords: Mixed metal soap, solid lubricant (grease), base oil, NLGI

Topic
Energy and environment materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/GnWxug3CUVEb

Corresponding Author
khusnul khotimah

Institutions
BATAN
Universitas Pertahanan

Abstract
Indonesia is still far from having an ideal future energy security, which is indicated by energy inefficiency. In fact, the dependency on fossil energy became a barrier to optimize the energy sector. Therefore, to achieve energy security, Indonesia should manage its energy resources strategically. As a solution, it can be solved by utilizing plastic waste as a source of alternative fuel (pyrognate) through pyrolysis treatment. The approach of this research used mix method analysis to measure the utilization of the plastic waste into fuel oil pyrolysis with the design of a cracking reactor prototype using induction heating technology. The LDPE which has been used in this paper is 0.5 kg, also the stainless steel cylindrical reactor. Furthermore, the R&D efficiency results showed that the up and down pattern used in its score. It shows in the increasing of R&D efficiency start from 2009 with 0.891 and ended in escalated point with 1.00 efficiency score in 2016. The result showed that it has high energy efficiency due to fast start-up in the process causing low equipment cost (affordability), precision, and repeatability. With the right resolve, Indonesia will emerge to be stronger and more defensible in the realm of energy

Keywords
DEA, Energy Security, Fuel, Induction Heating, Plastic Waste

Topic
Energy and environment materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Q4bpydh8cZMK

Corresponding Author
Lia Yuliantini

Institutions
1Department of Physics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa No. 10 40132, Indonesia
2Center of Excellence in Glass Technology and Materials Science (CEGM), Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
3Physics Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
yuliantini.lia[at]gmail.com

Abstract
We developed Sm3+ ion-doped fluoroborotellurite glass using melt and quenching technique. The glass formula is (30-x)TeO2-30B2O3-10ZnF2-30BaO-xSm2O3 where x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mol%. The raw material is melted at 1150 0C for 1.5 hours and annealed at 500 0C for 1.5 hours. All glass samples are cut and polished around 1.5 x 1.0 x 0.35 cm3. Several properties such as physical, optical, photoluminescence and radiative are inspected to understand the Sm3+ ion in the glass matrix. The absorption spectra are observed in the infrared region and show strong absorption peaks at 1232 nm due to 6H5/2→6F7/2 transition. Meanwhile, the photoluminecence properties show the glass sample excessively emits 600 nm under λex=403 nm due to 4G5/2→6H7/2 transition. The CIE 1931 coordinate confirms the orange emission colour of the present glass. The radiative properties of glass sample in the 4G5/2→6H7/2 transition are investigated using Judd-Ofelt theory and shows high potential lasing parameters such as large stimulated emission cross section (σe = 2.04 x 10-21 cm2), high branching ratio (βcal = 0.62), and high quantum efficiency (η = 81%). From all results, we conclude that our glass sample can be developed as a light source of orange LED and laser application.

Keywords
Borotellurite glass, LED, and Sm3+

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/b8g7zpQ9enHr

Corresponding Author
SAULIM HUTAHAEAN

Institutions
Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika FKIP Universitas Palangkaraya

Abstract
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melanjutkan mengimplementasikan Pembelajaran Pendekatan Scientific Aproach yang Terintegrasi dalam Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek (PBP) Sebagai Upaya Pencapaian Kompetensi Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pada Program Studi Pend. Fisika FKIP UPR pada tahun ke 2. Secara rinci kompetensi yang di teliti adalah keterampilan mahasiswa dalam; (a) melakukan perencanaan, (b melakukan perancangan, (c) melaksanakan penyelidikan, (d) melakukan pelaporan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dan desain penelitian praeksperimen dengan rancangan One Group Pretest-Posttest Design, dimana sampel penelitian ini adalah 45 orang mahasiswa prodi fisika yang sedang menempuh mata kuliah pengembangan program pengajaran fisika. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui tes kinerja dan tes kognitif yang kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa implementasi Pembelajaran Pendekatan Scientific Aproach yang Terintegrasi dalam Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek (PBP) membawa dampak pada penguasaan keterampilan mahasiawa dalam hal a) melakukan perencanaan kategori cukup baik b) melakukan perancangan kategori baik ,(c) melaksanakan penyelidikan kategori sangan baik, dan (d) melakukan pelaporan kategori baik.

Keywords
pembelajaran pendekatan Scientific Aproach, pembelajaran berbasis proyek, kompetensi ilmiah

Topic
Physics related sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BuyrK3HNk7TG

Corresponding Author
Fourier Dzar Eljabbar Latief

Institutions
a) Laboratory of Physics of Porous Medium and Fluid Dynamics, Physics of Earth and Complex Systems, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institu Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*fourier[at]fi.itb.ac.id

Abstract
Sedimentary rock is commonly well recognized as one of hydrocarbon reservoir rock. Meanwhile, igneous rock is typically found in geothermal reservoirs. Both rock types have different formation mechanism, which leds to different structural properties. Pore space in the sedimentary rock is formed in between the sedimented grains after undergone a diagenesis (sedimentation, compaction, cementation). Igneous rock however, has pore space mainly in the form of fractures and cracks as a result of high overburden pressure which leds to the various scale of deformation in the rock. In this study, both type of rock were represented by computer models. Pore structure characteristics of both rock type were analyzed with varying porosity. The pore space of the igneous rock is modeled by varying the aperture of the crack, which was originated from a real igneous rock (model C). The sedimentary rock is modeled using the random penetrable sphere model (model G). Pore structure characterization by means of digital image analysis shows that pore structure separation (equals to crack aperture in model C, and pore diameter in model G), specific surface area (surface density), and fractal dimension has clear and distinct pattern with respect to change in porosity. Absolute permeability was then calculated by means of simulating fluid flow through the models using Lattice Boltzmann Method which implemented in Palabos (parallel lattice Boltzmann solver). The absolute permeability of model C shows greater effect due to change of porosity compared to model G. Three dimensional qualitative analysis was also conducted from the simulation results, which portrays the pattern of fluid flowpath through the pore space.

Keywords
igneous rock, sedimentary rock, crack, aperture, porosity, absolute permeability

Topic
Computational and characterization of materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/UTpQD6k3VnqG

Corresponding Author
Nawarut Jarucha

Institutions
Physics Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand

Center of Excellence in Glass Technology and Materials Science (CEGM), Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand

Abstract
The gadolinium tungsten borate glasses doped with Er3+ were prepared by melt quenching technique for study in physical, absorption and luminescence properties by composition (30-x) B2O3 - 27.5 Gd2O3 - 42.5 WO3 - x Er2O3, where x = 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mol%. The results show that doping Er2O3 in high concentration make the glass density and molar volume tend to increase. The absorption spectra indicate the photon absorbing of Er3+ in visible light and near infrared region. The luminescence of an erbium doped glass were investigated at room temperature. In addition, mechanisms of the luminescence by multiphoton absorption and energy transfer processes are discussed based on the energy-level diagram of Er3+ and luminescence spectra. These results benefit for efficient short and conventional-length optical amplifiers and tunable lasers.

Keywords
Borate glass, Erbium, Luminescence

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/hGtVm8BrNyA3

Corresponding Author
Nursaida Harahap

Institutions
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan

Abstract
Abstract: Glasses treated with soil ions are very interesting because of their wide application in fields such as laser and optical fibers. Various hosts such as glass, crystal and poly crystalline are treated with soil ions. In this research the medium of glass was made with composition (70-x) P2O5 - 10Bi2O3 - 10Na2O - 10Gd2O3 - xSm2O3 with x = 0; 0.05; 0,1; 0, 5; 1.0; 3.0 (mol%) doped by active ion xSm2O3. All powdered chemical compounds with a total mass of 20 grams are mixed in alumina crucible and prepared by melt-quenching method. The optimum glass sample is cut to size (w x h x d = 1,0 x 0,2 x 1,5) mm3. Molar mass, density (ρ), Sm3+ ion concentration (N), field strength (F) have increased in value as the Sm3+ concentration increases , the dielectric constant (ε) has an increase in pada PBNaG:S1, PBNaG:S3 dan menurun pada PBNaG:S2, PBNaG:S4, PBNaG:S5, molar refractivity (Rm) increases in PBNaG:S1, PBNaG:S4 and decreases in PBNaG:S2, PBNaG:S3, PBNaG:S5, while for molar volume, polar radius and inter nuclear distance decreases with increasing concentration Sm3+ in phosphate glass. Contrast to the refractive index, the susceptibility of the oxide ion polariability (αm) and reflection loss do not change in value. Spectrum diffraction shows that the shape of pattems are found no sharp peaks along the diffraction angle observation area (2θ). It can be stated that the glass material Sm3+: Phosphate is amorphous (no sharp peaks). This shows that the concentration of Sm3+ ions does not affect the diffraction pattern of Sm: Phosphate glass medium. The highest FTIR spectrum is archieved at PBNaG: Sm5 with wave number 871 cm-1. There is a functional group P-O-P (POP) bond indicating asymmetrical strain.

Keywords
Glasses, Phosphate, Samarium, PBNaG:Sm3+

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/4Gp9XBQm7F2g

Corresponding Author
Aphisak Kaeopisan

Institutions
(1,2) Program of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand.

Abstract
For harvesting energy, mechanical energy converts to electrical energy using piezoelectric devices. In this study, piezoelectric flexible (PF) was synthesized form composite materials of polyvinylidene difluoride adding 1wt.% of carbon nanotube (PVDF-1wt.%CNT). The PVDF-1wt.%CNT size 0.5×30×100 mm3 and annealed at 60 ℃ for 1h. A copper tape was compressed for electrode on the top and bottom of the PF, poling at 6 kV mm–1 for 20 min. The results show that the piezoelectric coefficient (d33) maximum was 22 pC N–1. The 5 PF modules was fabricated to a device and attachment on a motorcycle coil spring compressor to investigate the generating electricity of the PF from mechanical energy. The motorcycle was tested using velocity at 50 km h–1 for 5 min run-on various surface road. The electricity from the PF modules were arranged using rectifier circuit installed motorcycle coil spring compressor, the output voltage was 3, 3.3, and 4 V for asphalt, cement, and gravel road, respectively. It expected that the harvesting energy devices using piezoelectric flexible is useful to apply on a motorcycle for generated electricity.

Keywords
PVDF; CNT; Composites; Harvesting energy; Mechanical energy

Topic
Energy and environment materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/P7ZRdMewxKTk

Corresponding Author
Rahmaniar .

Institutions
Universitas Negeri Medan

Abstract
The medium glass was made from chemical compounds with a composition (70-x) P2O5 - 10Bi2O3 - 10Na2O - 10Gd2O3 - xDy2O3 (where x = 0; 0.05; 0.1; 0, 5; 1.0; 3.0 (mol%)) which is doped by active ion xDy2O3. All of propofed chemical compounds are in the form of powder with a mass of 20 gram of mixture in an alumina crucible and prepared by melt-quenching method. The glass that has been obtained with a size (3x10x10) mm3 and smoothed to get a flat surface and high transparency. The physical properties obtained from the glass medium are density, molar volume, refractive index, ion concentration Dy:PBiNaGd, molar refractivity and susceptibility. The results of research indicated that the glass of Dy:PBiNaGd amorphous. This amorphous nature is confirmed by spectroscopy diffraction of X-ray (XRD). Measurement of FTIR spectra to glass Dy:PBiNaGd shows the asymmetry strain in the P-O-P (POP) bond at an area of 861 cm-1 absorption.

Keywords
Glass Phosphate, Dysprosium and optical properties

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AKyTfHXFZ3Ua

Corresponding Author
Denawati Junia

Institutions
a) Jurusan Fisika, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, RT.11/RW.14, Rawamangun, Kec. Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Timur, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta 13220, Indonesia
*ce.rustana[at]yahoo.com
*denawati.junia[at]gmail.com
b) Jurusan Kimia, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, RT.11/RW.14, Rawamangun, Kec. Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Timur, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta 13220, Indonesia

Abstract
One of the obstacles in utilization of rubber seed oil as a raw material for biodiesel production is contain of high free fatty acid about 12.19%. The process of biodiesel production from rubber seed oil would be more effective and efficient if done through a process of esterification and transesterification using heterogeneous acid catalyst because it is less corrosive, easily separated, and can reduce environmental pollution. However, the catalyst is relatively expensive. Therefore, it needs more economic alternatives. One of which is a heterogeneous acid catalyst from rice water. There are three production process, extracting the oil from seeds, catalyst preparation, and biodiesel production. The results of Biodiesel product contains methyl ester compounds of palmitic acid and oleic acid after going through transesterification process which means that the reaction was run. The EDS test results reported an SO3 group as part of a cluster -SO3H of catalyst from rice water.

Keywords
Biodiesel; Heterogenous Catalyst Acid; Rice Water; Rubber Seed Oil

Topic
Energy and environment materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8gNWPHdAc7eU

Corresponding Author
Pabitra Aryal

Institutions
(a) Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
(b) School of Liberal Arts, Semyung University, Jechon 27136, Korea

Abstract
Commercial silver-doped phosphate glass is a promising solid-state radio-photoluminescent (RPL) dosimeter. It has several promising characteristics as RPL intensity linearity with the ionizing irradiation dose, data accumulation, no fading, and measurement repeatability. It can be used as personal, environmental, and clinical dosimeters as well. The objective of this study was to synthesize silver-doped phosphate glass at laboratory and optimize the Ag+ concentration. The absorption, emission and excitation properties of the prepared glass was measured before and after proton and X-ray irradiations. Yellow emission peak at 600 nm and excitation peak at 320 nm was measured after X-ray, proton and beta irradiation. Radiative lifetime of the glass had two decay components for yellow RPL. A more comprehensive study on Ag+ concentration optimization is under study to investigate optimum RPL properties of the silver-doped phosphate glass.

Keywords
Dosimeter, Radiative lifetime, Radio-photoluminescence, X-ray irradiation

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yjpN2WLEeUux

Corresponding Author
Yudi Guntara

Institutions
Department of Physics Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, Jl. Ciwaru Raya No.25, 42117 Serang, Indonesia

Abstract
Numerical convection and diffusion models can be used to predict air pollutant concentrations in an area. Changes in air pollutant concentration can be analyzed using diffusion equations which depend on the coefficient of intra-particle diffusivity (D). Whereas to find out the changes in air quality categories become polluted using a convection equation which depends on the diffusivity coefficient between particles (Γ). The combination of the two equations can be used to estimate the polluted areas of a region. The results of the climate analysis indicate that Banten Province if viewed from the direction of the wind, is very potential for the development of increased fish production. Meanwhile, if viewed from the temperature and rainfall of Banten Province the potential for agriculture. However, considering that in the western part of the region there is a large industry with a chimney height of 275 meters, so based on atmospheric stability, the distribution of air pollutants spread far outside the industrial area. This will have implications for other regions so that at high concentrations (with diffusion equations) it will change the air quality (with the convection equation) so that in certain regions and at certain times it will become a polluted area.

Keywords
regional detection polluted, convection, diffusion

Topic
Physics related sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pa8Mbtk49XjY

Corresponding Author
Peerapong Yamchumporn

Institutions
Physics Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, NakhonPathomRajabhat University, NakhonPathom, 73000, Thailand

Center of Excellence in Glass Technology and Materials Science (CEGM), Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand

Thermoelectric Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, 680 Nittayo Rd. Mueang District, Sakon Nakon Province, 47000, Thailand

Abstract
Abstract. In this work, Eu2O3 was replaced the Al site in CuAlO2 structures. The CuEuO2 was prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method. The Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity were measured by ZEM-3 series in low pressure helium gas atmosphere at temperature ranges of 315-521 K. It was found that, both electrical resistivity decrease with increasing of temperature while Seebeck coefficient and power factor show the opposite trend. The power factor was calculated by P=S2/ρ (where S is Seebeck coefficient and ρ is electrical resistivity) and exhibit highest value about 28 μW^(−1) m^(−1) K^(−2) at 521 K.

Keywords
Solid-state reaction, Seebeck coefficient, Power factor

Topic
Energy and environment materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/mbPytk39GqvX

Corresponding Author
Kerista Tarigan

Institutions
Department of Physics, FMIPA, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

Abstract
The observation of broadband network seismic had been deployed in Sumatra For-Arc. The waveform data for this study were recorded from January 2014 – December 2016. The earthquake event data were selected with the epicenter of around 95 – 180 in distance and Magnitude with more than 7 Mw. In this case, we use shear wave splitting to determine an anisotropic structure in Sumatra For-arc. Seismic Anisotropy can perform as a tool to classify and observe anisotropic structures of subsurface deformation processes beneath Sumatra For-Arc. The valid outcomes, in this case, have been gained that they only correspond to the upper layer, which has the delay time duration of 0.5 – 0.8 s is the anisotropic layer located in the Mentawai Island. The fast an anisotropic polarization direction found in Sumatra For-arc are parted into NE-SW direction found on the upper layer.

Keywords
Shear Wave Splitting, seismic observation, Anisotropy, Sumatra For-Arc

Topic
Physics related sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ur3ZUwtPg9KB

Corresponding Author
Jeddah Yanti

Institutions
a*) Department of Physics, State University of Medan, Indonesia
Corresponding author : topartam[at]gmail.com
b) Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University, Taiwan

Abstract
The change of surface vegetation also links to the evapotranspiration pattern so that the moisture flux might be affected by the atmospheric stratiform or convective clouds, meant to be important in balancing hydrological cycle and the more analyzing is necessary to explain this phenomenon. The aim of this paper to analyze the complex phenomenon that link in spatial correlation of cloud response towards land surface change that ensued from cloud microphysical components. Fourteen years from 2003 to 2016 over Indonesia was applied that issued by Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) level-3 (L3) provides both cloud and land surface products. Cloud microphysical features consist of cloud fraction, cloud top pressure, cloud optical thickness, and cloud effective radius, whereas Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was applied to identify the land surface change. The distribution of spatial correlation and probability distribution function are used as the method to determine each cloud microphysical components response to land surface change. Concerning annual result, desirable connections among correlation between NDVI and cloud parameters is rather widely. Probabilistic approach from statistical analysis in the wet season forms palpably pattern (parabolic pattern) rather than a dry season pattern. Correlation values based on spatial analysis between NDVI anomalies and cloud parameter anomalies have a range of values around -0.8 to 0.8. Throughout Indonesia, every correlation between NDVI anomalies and cloud parameter anomalies has a negative correlation. Sumatra, Kalimantan and Papua have a major role to inject negative correlations. This causes this area to be covered with oil palm plantations.

Keywords
Cloud properties, Land Surface Change, MODIS, Indonesia.

Topic
Physics related sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/uvkABj3Xmf8Y

Corresponding Author
Juniastel Rajagukguk

Institutions
1Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, 20221, Indonesia
3Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran
4,5Center of Excellence in Glass Technology and Materials Science, Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand

Abstract
Glasses treated with rare earth are very interesting because of their wide application in fields such as laser and optical fibers. Various hosts such as glass, crystal and poly crystalline are treated with soil ions. In this research the medium of glass was made with composition (70-x) P2O5 - 10Bi2O3 - 10Na2O - 10Gd2O3 - xSm2O3 with x = 0; 0.05; 0,1; 0, 5; 1.0; 3.0 (mol%) doped by active ion xSm2O3 All powdered chemical compounds with a total mass of 20 grams are mixed in alumina crucible and prepared by melt-quenching method. The optimum glass sample is cut to size (w x h x d = 1,0 x 0,2 x 1,5) mm3. Physical properties such as density, molar volume, refractive index, Sm3+ ion concentration, molar reactivity and susceptibility for each doping concentration are calculated and reported. The optical properties of glass samples Sm3+ with different concentrations were determined by measuring the absorption and luminance spectrum in the visible region. UV-Vis NIR spectrophotometer analysis showed that there were nine non-homogeneous transition bands in various positions and intensity with hypersensitive transitions at 1233 nm (6H5/2-6F1/2) wavelength. Emission spectrum in glass medium Sm: Phosphate was observed using an excitation wavelength of 550 nm resulting in four emission band transitions namely 4G5/2/6H5/2 (562 nm), 4G5/2/6H7/2 (597 nm), 4G5/2/6H9/2 (644 nm) and 4G5/2/6H11/2 (703 nm), Emission intensity increases at Sm 1.0 mol%.

Keywords
Glass, phosphate, samarium, PBNaG : Sm

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3VrGdbzpPkYt

Corresponding Author
Eka Sylvianti Rahayu

Institutions
(a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
*ekarukmanaeka[at]gmail.com
(b) Center of Excellence in Glass Technology and Materials Science (CEGM), Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand
(c) Physics Study Program, Department of Science, Insititut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung, 35365, Indonesia
(d) Physics Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Pathom Rajabat University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand

Abstract
In this work, multi wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) doped borate glass has been successfully developed by melt quenching technique with the chemical composition 67.5B2O3-20ZnO-12Gd2O3-Er2O3-0.5MWCNT. Several peaks observed from absorption spectra due to transition from 4I15/2 as a ground state into several states i.e. 4G11/2, 4F7/2, 4F5/2, 2H11/2, 4F9/2, 4I11/2, and 4I13/2. The sample shows a strong emission in 1536 nm because of 4I13/2→4I15/2 transition under 524 nm wavelength excitation. Emission around 412 nm under 275 excitation could be the indication for presence of MWCNT. The sample exhibits NIR to NIR up-conversion under 1500 nm excitation. Absorption data have been used to calculate optical band gap energy through Tauc plot method. This study shows that MWCNT doped borate glass could be a promising material for solid state application in NIR region.

Keywords
borate glass, luminescence, MWCNT, erbium, NIR to NIR up-conversion, Tauc plot

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/RD8VGET4npJx

Corresponding Author
Siriprapa Kaewjaeng Kaewjaeng

Institutions
Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Abstract
​X-rays are important in diagnostic radiology. If the users lack of understanding of radiation and protection from radiation and proper may cause harm to the workers. Principles of radiation protection are defined by International Commission on Radiological Protection; ICRP) has determined the principles of radiation protection As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) is the time, distance and shielding. Which reduces the exposure to radiation and can reduce the radiation dose received. Increasing distance from the radiation source can reduce the amount of radiation according to the inverse square law and proper protection is important. In medical radiation shield to materials with high quality. Material commonly used for radiation protection is the lead (Pb). Lead is toxic to the environment in the process. This research studies the properties to prevent X-rays of the elements dysprosium (Dy) by the radiation shielding properties of 59P2O5: 10Al2O3: 20 Na2O: 10 Gd2O3: 1Dy2O3 With 60-120 kVp 200 mA 0.1 s. The results showed that when the concentration of dysprosium is increased. The linear attenuation coefficient and the mass attenuation coefficient increase with increasing of Dy2O3 content in glass matrix. The half value layer (HVL) and the tenth value layer (TVL). And when the X-ray energy is increase value, the linear attenuation coefficient and the mass attenuation coefficient decrease were HVL and TVL are increasing value. The comparison results show that the properties of HVL value in the glass sample was less than the general glass, concrete, and block. The properties of radiation shielding glass in the example has a value of nearby lead glass used in x-ray department. From this research found that the glass example Dy3+ with masking properties of radiation, which are ideal for improved substitution of lead glass in the future.

Keywords
X-ray; Radiation shielding; Dy3+; Glasses; Structural

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/u4EaNtHBbm89