Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Sunaryono Sunaryono

Institutions
UM

Abstract
Mercury pollution through water is the cause of several dangerous diseases. Various efforts have been made to reduce mercury pollution. One of them is by using sorbent. There are many ways to improve absorption efficiency, one of which is using magnetic sorbents. This study focuses on the effect of grain size and the concentration of core shell Mn0.25Fe2.75O4@SiO2 on mercury absorption efficiency. The synthesis of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4@SiO2 with different concentration of TEOS 6 and 8 mL was carried out through coprecipitation and sol-gel methods. The characterization using XRD, VSM and FTIR was carried out to determine grain size, properties and material functional groups proved that SiO2 was successfully covered on Fe3O4 Surface. While to find out the percentage of absorption was carried out with the AAS instrument. Diffraction data confirmed the presence of Fe3O4 and the amorphous of SiO2 phase. According to the Rietveld analysis for all samples demonstrated the particle size of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4 around 11-12 nm. The Mn0.25Fe2.75O4 core has superparamagnetic properties for magnetic separation, and the SiO2 shell could protect the core of being oxidized or dissolved under acid condition. FTIR results show the sample has a functional group of the main components of Fe-O at wave number 420-507 cm-1 and SiO2 at wave number 801 cm-1 (stretching) and 1078 cm-1 (bending). The results of mercury absorption test showed that the smaller the grain size and the higher the concentration of TEOS increased the percentage of mercury uptake. In addition, the absorption percentage increases with the length of absorption time given.

Keywords
Sorbent, Core Shell, TEOS, Mercury, Magnetite.

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pb23vaCAYBRJ

Corresponding Author
Agus Dwi Putra

Institutions
(a) Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, State University of Malang

Abstract
This research aimed to analyze the results of a hip joint implant made from Mg alloy using experiment and simulation methods with Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The experiment methods target was to observe the microstructure, crystallite size, and magnesium alloy chemical composition. The simulation method was designed to analyze the total deformation, maximum principal stress, and maximum shear stress with time and load variations. This research used SEM, XRD, and XRF analysis to obtain the above data where as FEA simulation used the ANSYS software. The simulation was conducted through walking, jumping, and walking down the stairs activities for 0 until 4.5 seconds. The SEM results showed that Mg alloy powder had an irregular shape or non-uniform particles with cracks or porous. The XRD results indicated that the crystallite size was 0.516 imes10^{4} nm. Then, the XRF results presented that Mg alloy powder had 11 % Mg, 61.17 % Ca, and 5.73 % Zn. FEA analysis results showed that the hip joint implant had a total deformation of 0.38 nm in walking activity, 0.82 nm in jumping activity, and 0.90 nm in walking down the stairs activity. The maximum shear strains were 125.98 MPa in walking, 264 MPa in jumping, and 291 MPa in walking down the stairs. The maximum principal stress in walking activity was 192.76 MPa, in jumping was 397.48 MPa, and in walking down the stairs was 438.85 MPa

Keywords
Experiment; Simulation; Hip Joint Implant; Mg Alloy

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/zpQKvqFTRBe2

Corresponding Author
Eka Lutfi Septiani

Institutions
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Internasional Semen Indonesia, Gresik 61122, Indonesia
2Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
3Department of Material Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-Cho, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan

Abstract
Nanofiber through electrospinning process has been developed as a promising material for wound dressing due to its large porosity and high surface area. This characteristic of nanofiber provides a good gas permeability surrounding the wound which prevents a healing failure. The best wound dressing not only maintain a wound has a good gas permeability but also has an active agent to give an antibacterial and antiinflammation property. This research aims to combine a synthetic polymer and active agent, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Binahong extract (BE), become nanofibrous material. The electrospinning process was conducted in two steps. The first step is to obtain the best condition PVP electrospinning with the voltage of 10, 12, 15, 17 kV, then combined PVP to 2%, 5%, 8% of BE in the second step. The first step shows the best operation condition in 12 kV so that to be used in different BE percentage. Based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the result indicates that reducing the BE composition will increase the antioxidant activity.

Keywords
nanofiber, electrospinning, binahong (basella rubra linn) extract, antioxidant activity

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/QxYdvf26Lcjy

Corresponding Author
Poppy Puspitasari

Institutions
Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract
Conversion coating in metal material was a method to control the corrosion. It applied in parts of car, aircraft, factory installation, and other appliances. There were three types of conversion coating: phosphate conversion coating, chromate conversion coating, and oxalate conversion coating. There were several aspects to consider in controlling the corrosion fully. This research used phosphate because phosphate conversion coating had a low corrosion rate, affordable production cost, and environmentally friendly. This research aimed to find out the corrosion resistance of ST37 carbon steel using phosphate conversion coating in various immersion durations. Therefore, the result was a breakthrough in using phosphate conversion coating for the industries. This research used the weight loss method to calculate the corrosion rate and macro photos to obtain the corrosion form during the test. This research used ST37 carbon steel with 100 mm x 30 mm x 10 mm as the specimen and phosphate with various coating durations (10, 20, and 30 minutes). Each variation had three specimens, so this research had nine specimens in total. This research calculated the daily corrosion rate for seven days using 5% NaCl as the corrosion solution. The average corrosion rate in specimens with 10 minutes duration was 1.9599 mpy, specimens with 20 minutes immersion was 1.7647 mpy, whereas specimens with 30 minutes duration were 1.3287 mpy. Thus, the longer immersion duration created a smaller corrosion rate. Also, the corrosion formed during the test was pitting and uniform corrosion.

Keywords
Corrosion Resistance, ST37 Carbon Steel, Phosphate Conversion Coating, Immersion

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/XRFdxk7mKrMN

Corresponding Author
Galih Kurniawan

Institutions
State University of Malang

Abstract
This study aims to describe the results of design optimization and characterization of mechanical properties of knee implant with SPSS software and characterization using SEM, CRD, and XRF. Optimization is focused on optimizing the total deformation value from human activity of walking, jumping, and downstairs to determine the optimum design of the knee implant. While the characterization of the material is intended to determine the morphology using SEM, chemical composition using XRD, and crystal structure using XRF. The finding of this study is that optimization of total deformation shows that the first design has the lowest maximum average deformation value, that is 0,00014836 mm. While the results of SEM characterization showed that there were many parallel strokes on Ti6Al4V alloys, so that they were not resistant to damage from abrasive particles. The XRD test shows that the crystallinity peak is at position 40.5189182 degree which is indicated by the crystal orientation index 200 reaching 29.35 counts (cts), and Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM) at an angle of 0.2880282 degree which has an atomic distance along the length of 2.22455 amstrong with a relative intensity of 100%. And the XRF test shows the highest chemical content of Ti6Al4V alloy is Ti, amounting to 85.12%. The limitation of this study is that optimization is based on total deformation on three human activities. While the characterization is done by using SEM, XRD, and XRF tests. Optimization and characterization of implants can be the basis of the process of manufacturing knee implants. The results showed that the first implant design was the optimum design based on the total deformation. Then in terms of characterization, it appears that the material is in accordance with the human body.

Keywords
Optimization, Characterization, Ti6Al4V

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/mczYneZPdv2a

Corresponding Author
Afif Zuhri Arfianto

Institutions
(a) Dept. of Marine Electrical Engineering
Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya
b) Dept of Teknika, Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya

Abstract
The potential of marine fish is one of the hopes for fishermen. Fishing boats have not been equipped with fish detection devices such as fish finders. To get to the location of fishing, fishermen do not know accurately the distance and direction of the ship. Fishermen only rely on experience and information from other fishermen to find out the location of the fish distribution. The ships fuel losses are caused by fishermen having to go around to map fishing points. Accurate data for autopilot technology is needed to move the fishing boat to the point of distribution of fish, serves to help fishermen to increase fishing yields and reduce ship fuel losses. The 70x16x15 cm ship prototype with autopilot technology measures the distance between fishing boats and the target location of the nearest fish distribution. This prototype is equipped with a GPS and a compass sensor that shows the direction and difference of angles to the direction of the target. This prototype has a rudder that is driven by a servo motor based on the angle difference to the setpoint. Based on the results of research and testing, this prototype can travel an average distance of 15.5 m. The results of coordinate accuracy testing of all experiments get the difference in average latitude coordinates of 0.0122 and longitude coordinates of 0.047 and the average distance of the prototype stopped from the destination location is 1.3 m.

Keywords
Unmanned Smartboat Vehicle,coordinate accuracy, fishing boats

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/PJGMNwHunBKa

Corresponding Author
Didin Zakariya Lubis

Institutions
1Faculty of Engineering, State University of Malang,

Abstract
Abstract. This research aimed to identify the effect of punch speed and tool blanking material on the quality of the sheared edge bone-implant product in the form of a keychain cranioplasty plate implant. This research used Ti-6AL-4V sheet metal, 2.5% clearance between punch-die, various punch speeds, and materials of tool blanking. The tool blanking material used the standardized equipment for the blanking process. The sheared edge characteristic with the swift punch and high elastic modulus improved the shear zone 75% more of the workpiece thickness. The utilization of 71.76 mm/s speed and AISI M2 material created a smoother sheared edge of keychain cranioplasty plate compared to the others.

Keywords
Internal Fracture, Fixation Plate

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6w8gTa2zxJpt

Corresponding Author
Ahmad Taufiq

Institutions
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia

Abstract
In recent years, the application of Fe3O4 and TiO2 nanoparticles for energy especially for battery has increased significantly. Therefore, the development of synthesis method and fundamental characterization becomes essential to be conducted. In this study, Fe3O4 and TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using coprecipitation and sonication methods, respectively. Meanwhile, Fe3O4/polyaniline and TiO2/polyaniline nanocomposites were synthesized using polymerization method. The samples obtained were then characterized by XRD, FTIR spectrometer, and UV-vis spectrometer. The results of the XRD analysis showed that polyaniline reduced the crystallinity of Fe3O4 and TiO2 nanoparticles. However, polyaniline did not change the crystal structure of Fe3O4 and TiO2 nanoparticles in the forms of cubic spinel and tetragonal structures, respectively. Moreover, Ti-O-Ti and Fe-O functional groups were detected at the range of the wavelength of 820-620 cm-1 and 410-520 cm-1. The addition of polyaniline was also detected by the functional groups of polyaniline presenting interaction of Fe3O4 and TiO2 with Polyaniline. Meanwhile, the results of UV-Vis analysis demonstrated that polyaniline caused the bandgap energy of Fe3O4 and TiO2 insignificantly decreased from 2.186 eV to 2.174 eV, and from 3.374 eV to3.320 eV, respectively.

Keywords
Fe3O4, TiO2, polyaniline, nanoparticle, bandgap energy.

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/C6Yx74ZUT9Bq

Corresponding Author
nandang mufti

Institutions
UM

Abstract
Fe2O3/ZnO heterojunction has attracted great attention due to the possibility of overcoming the limitation of a single layer of semiconductor electrodes which has a very low Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell efficiency. It is due to the fact that a combination of Fe2O3 and ZnO can effectively increase the separation of electrons and holes, thus improve the photocatalytic activity of PEC cells based on the structural coordinates of their energy levels. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Fe2O3, ZnO and Fe2O3/ZnO films to PEC efficiency. The Fe2O3, ZnO and Fe2O3/ZnO films were fabricated by a spin coating and doctor blade methods, respectively. All the films were characterized by XRD, SEM, and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). Based on structural results, Fe2O3 and ZnO nanoparticles can grow well on ITO substrate and they exhibit trigonal and hexagonal crystal structures, respectively. Moreover, we found that the PEC efficiency increases after ZnO are coated on Fe2O3 film.

Keywords
photoelectrochemical, photoanode, heterojunction, Fe2O3, ZnO, efficiency

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/468GgJMWkebL

Corresponding Author
Martijanti Martijanti

Institutions
UI, ITB,Unjani

Abstract
Bamboo fibers have advantages of renewable, biodegradable, abundant availability, and cheap which could be a potential substitute of synthetic materials. Tensile strength of this bamboo is important requirements in various structural application. In this research, fiber fabrication process optimization of 3 types of local bamboo namely Gombong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea), Haur Hejo (Bambusa tuldoides), and Tali (Gigantochloa apus) was investigated. These fibers were processed by varying the NaOH concentrations, immersion times, and immersion temperatures. The process parameters and its level variations of bamboo fiber fabrication were optimized using Taguchi method. Then the contribution of each process parameter was observed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). From Taguchi method, the optimal parameter for highest tensile strength was obtained from Tali bamboo, indicated by 4% NaOH, 2 hours immersion time, and 60oC immersion temperature. From ANOVA, the contributions for each parameter are 70 % for bamboo type, 7 % for NaOH concentration, 4 % for immersion time, and 17 % for immersion temperature with error contribution of 2%. FTIR analysis was carried in order to observe chemical bonding in bamboos which were indicated Tali bamboo has larger lignin levels decreasing than Haur Hejo and Gombong.

Keywords
Bamboo fibers, process optimization, Taguchi, ANOVA, FTIR spectrum, Tali, Haur Hejo, Gombong bamboos.

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/C8zXVv4UPeLQ

Corresponding Author
Samsul Hidayat

Institutions
1) Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang
2) Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang
3) Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang
4) Jurusan Elektro FT Universitas Negeri Malang
5) Mahasiswa Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract
The progress has been made towards of unmanned aircraft development increasing rapidly and usefull. Monitoring of hazardous areas, fertilizer sowing in paddy fields, the spread of insecticides in rice fields can be easily implemented and fast. Multirotor drones have agility maneuvers. The maneuver is produced by a fast spinning of propeller motion. If one of the propellers is interrupted, the planes flight becomes unstable. The stability of the UAV is a task of the flight controller. Flight controllers maintain stability on the basic of information received by the gyro sensor. But the flight controller never knows ESC conditions, flight controller always send commands only to the ESC . If the ESC is damaged, the flight controller doesnt to know. If this happens, the flight controller will give the ESC command to work optimally, and then the flight controller sees ESCs work on the report from the gyro sensor. Flight controller doesnt know ESC failed, or motor failed. In fact, for multirotor, this can result in a major accident. In addition, if the ESC performance is bad, the motor rotation also unstable too. For this reason, a motor failure sensor and ESC need to be built. The ESC failure sensor design involved 3 current sensors and an ESC control signal from the flight controller. The inconsistency between the instructions from the flight controller and the outflow will be reported in the form of a hazard warning after being processed by the microcontroller. This output can be followed up to be fed to the flight controller or flash light or sound warning, depending on the configurator. In the design of this safety system, the program algorithm for making decisions on the microcontroller involves the amount of current, the duration of the current flow, the amount of peak current and the time of control entering ESC.

Keywords
ESC, flight controller, current sensing, failure prevention.

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pyucLT9VXvUW

Corresponding Author
Purnomo Purnomo

Institutions
(a) Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Indonesia
* purnomo[at]unimus.ac.id
(b) Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
Mechanical failure of zeolite-HDPE material applied to skull bone implants is a material fracture that cannot be controlled. An important step to minimize failure due to fracture is to understand the fracture characteristics indicated by the propagation path pattern. This study aims to investigate the fracture propagation pathways in quasi-static conditions. Injection-molded zeolite-HDPE composites were placed in an environment of ultraviolet (UV) radiation for 200 hours at atmospheric pressure. UV-irradiated Double-edge cracked zeolite-HDPE composite was tested in mode I in a universal testing machine (UTM) with a crosshead speed of 2 mm/min at a constant room temperature of approximately 25oC. The stress and elongation were registered by the UTM. During loading, the evolution of cracks in the ligament length region was recorded with the camera so that the crack propagation pathway until the total fracture occurs can be clearly observed. The results show that the crack propagation pathways pattern were not all straight and parallel to the ligament length. They are also found in a deviant state of the ligament length line by forming an angle &

Keywords
patway, fracture, propagation, double-edge-cracked

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9FyPDmMQbavE

Corresponding Author
Okky Putri Prastuti

Institutions
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Internasional Semen Indonesia, Gresik 61122 Indonesia
2Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
3Department of Material Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-Cho, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan

Abstract
Indonesia has a huge potential for biomass resources. The energy source from biomass has the advantage of being an renewable energy source so that it can provide a sustainable source of energy. One source of energy comes from the rest of saw wood. The potential biomass of sawn wood residue reaches 13 Giga Joules per year. Biomass has cellulose and hemicellulose content which when used as fuel will have a low economic value. To support this, the level of lignin contained in the biomass needs to be carried out a process of removal called the delignification process. The existence of a catalyst can accelerate the delignification process where the catalyst selected in this study is the Ceria-Zirconia porous particles catalyst. Ceria-Zirconia particles have been prepared by hydrothermal batch system. Ce(NO3)3.6H2O/ZrO(NO3)2.2H2O mixed solutions were used as starting materials with heating temperature in 200 until 220C. Polystyrene template polymer was injected in the cooling process after the reaction for making porous in the Ceria Zirconia particles. Catalyst of Ceria Zirconia porous particles was then applied to rapeseed wood sample for delignification process during 30 minutes. The delignification analysis showed that Ceria-Zirconia catalyst remove 86% lignin content from rapeseed wood sample over 30 minutes process time.

Keywords
Renewable energy, Biomass, Catalyst, Ceria-Zirconia, Polystyrene

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/rfnXDRxYaPwK

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Mufid Mas-ud

Institutions
UNS

Abstract
Porous silicon has been fabricated by photolithography and Reactive Ion Etching with various etching times in the previous study. The PSi surfaces have the pore size in the range of for PSi and 17.4 to 37.7 nm for PSi 100. Meanwhile, the PSi has the resistivity around 1.14 to 2.60 10 min4 &

Keywords
porous silicon, photolithography, reactive ion etching, resistivity, reflectance.

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LyNY6zW42G3v

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Mufid Mas-ud

Institutions
1Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Jl Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57126 Indonesia
*rsuryana[at]staff.uns.ac.id
2Department of Material Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan

Abstract

Keywords
porous silicon, photolithography, reactive ion etching, resistivity, reflectance

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/reAMcndhamBL

Corresponding Author
Mochammad Rifai

Institutions
a)Dept of Air Navigation. Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya
b)Dept. of Marine Electrical Engineering
Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya
rifai.moch.smart[at]gmail.com

Abstract
In the context of energy efficiency, the control function of electrical equipment is an important part of saving electricity consumption. This is proven by several previous studies about the control of electrical equipment that has been successful for efficiency. In this study, electrical equipment will be controlled in public service buildings, using radio frequency (RF) and the internet. This research was realized by making a prototype of radio frequency and internet-based light control devices. For buildings whose location is difficult to reach by the internet, light control uses radio frequency. While for buildings that are affordable by internet access, using the internet to control the light. In this study the microcontroller used is ESP 8266 MCU Node and TCM 3105 FSK IC Modem for connection to the internet. Device performance in running controls is measured by delay. Delay is the time difference between the command input time and the time the device has run the command.The average delay value compared to the distance is 1,313 ms at a distance of 1 m, 25.242 ms at 10 m, and 4,174 ms at 100 m

Keywords
ESP 8266, radio frequency,TCM 3105

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/z7bAkg6unc8T

Corresponding Author
Sunaryono Sunaryono

Institutions
UM

Abstract
Composites material that composed of hydrogel polymers and magnetic nanoparticles commonly called magnetic hydrogels have been extensively developed with the focus of research on variations of the two main substances. The previous report, hydrogels have been successfully fabricated by using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymers and combination of PVA and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the matrix of the polymer. In addition, magnetite has also been widely used as a filler in magnetic hydrogel fabrication due to its magnetic properties and magneto-thermal behavior. To improve the magneto-thermal behavior of magnetic hydrogels, the magnetic hydrogel has been successfully synthesized by using a PVP/PVA polymer as a matrix and magnetite with Mn-doped variations x = 0.3 and 0.6 as filler. Based on the XRD analysis, the particle size of MnxFe3-xO4 powder was 10.4 nm which corresponds to the TEM results which were 9.9 nm. In addition, the nanostructures of magnetic hydrogel samples were characterized by using SAXS instrument and successfully analyzed by using the Two-lognormal, Beaucage and Teubner-Strey functions. The primary and secondary particle sizes of MnxFe3-xO4 powder was 3.3 and 9.8 nm respectively, while the crystallite size and the distance between crystals from the PVP/PVA hydrogel was 8.8 and 39 nm respectively. Furthermore, the magneto-thermal Instrument was also carried out on samples and an average Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) value of 0.00372 W/gr was obtained. This result showed that the magnetic hydrogel has a potential candidate as hyperthermia therapy.

Keywords
magnetic hydrogels, SAXS, primary particle, polymer

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Xj2MC48Pzrkv

Corresponding Author
Ahmad Taufiq

Institutions
Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia.

Abstract
Regarding the physical and chemical performances, Fe3O4 and multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) combined with with other metal oxide such as titanium dioxide opens new opportunity to be widely used for energy application such as for supercacitor. In this paper, we report the preparation of Fe3O4/MWCNT nanocomposite combined with titanium dioxide using sonochemical-precipitation method. The nanocomposite was characterized using X-ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopyr, and scanning electron microscopy, and Uv-Vis spectrometer. The results of diffraction data analysis showed the presence of crystalline phase in nanocomposite derived from Fe3O4 and titanium dioxide with cubic inverse spinel and anatase structures, respectively. The existence of MWCNT was then confirmed by functional groups data which indicated the vibration of C=C functional group at the wavelength of 1400-1600 cm-1, while the vibration of Fe-O was detected at the wavelength of 409 cm-1 and 667 cm-1 overlapped with Ti-O functional group. MWCNT considered to be crosslinked the surface of Fe3O4 or titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Furthermore, the bandgap energy of the nanocomposite were 2.2 eV for Fe3O4/MWCNT, and 3.2 eV for Fe3O4/MWCNT.

Keywords
Fe3O4, MWCNT, titanium dioxide, iron sand, sonochemical, precipitation.

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YBgavPALjWh8

Corresponding Author
Didin Zakariya Lubis

Institutions
State University of Malang

Abstract

Keywords
Punch Tool Speed, Material Effect, Element Method

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kDx4uzAPejW7

Corresponding Author
Poppy Puspitasari

Institutions
Politeknik Manufaktur Bandung, Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract
Any defect in casting products should be avoided at all cost, and treatment must be done as early as possible. One alternative to produce a sound-casting product is using simulation application such as SOLIDCast to analyze a defect, which this research used to analyze the shrinkage defect in Lifter Cooler Big made from SCH 11 material. This research was conducted at the Foundry Laboratory, Bandung Polytechnic of Manufacturing and aimed to investigate the main causal of shrinkage in Lifter Cooler Big. The first step of the research was to analyze the shrinkage defect on three Lifter Cooler Big products. It was followed by the visual inspection test, Liquid Penetrant Testing (LPT), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) test to verify the defect. Next was to calibrate the SOLIDCast simulation application to obtain material and sand parameters matching the real products condition. Using material density analysis from SOLIDCast simulation, a defect prediction was obtained similarly to the shrinkage on the samples. The result stated that the sand condition was in 1.5 W/m&

Keywords
Shrinkage, SCH 11, Lifter Cooler Big, SOLIDCast Simulation software

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qnHPrWTXUdVB

Corresponding Author
Galih Kurniawan

Institutions
State University of Malang

Abstract
This study aims to analyze knee joint implants from Ti6Al4V alloys using experimental and simulation methods with Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The experimental method was designed to observe the microstructure, crystal size, and chemical composition of Ti6Al4V. The simulation method is designed to analyze total deformation, maximum principle stress, and maximum shear stress with time and load variations. This study uses SEM, XRD, and XRF analysis to obtain data from the experimental method while the FEA simulation uses ANSYS software. Simulation is done based on the activities of walking, jumping, and walking down stairs for 0-0.01 seconds. SEM results indicate that Ti6Al4V has parallel strokes after the cutting process and resembles the shape of needles that regularly resemble weaving. The XRD results show that the crystal size is 2.906 x 10-5 nm. Then, the XRF results show that Ti6Al4V has 85% Ti, 2.7% Al, and 4% V. The FEA analysis results show that the knee joint implant has a total deformation of 0.00013637 mm in walking activity, 0.00015165 mm in jumping activity, and 0.00015706 mm in activity down the stairs. The maximum shear stress is 1.0852e7 Pa in the running activity, 1.4383e7 Pa in the jumping activity, and 1.2498e7 Pa in the activity down the stairs. The maximum principal voltage on the activity goes 1,404e7 Pa, at the activity jumping 1.7546e7 Pa, and on the activity down the stairs 1.6171e7 Pa.

Keywords
Simulation, Characterization, Ti6Al4V

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/H8vRNVQPMqpy

Corresponding Author
Dahried Wahyu Herlambang

Institutions
Electronic Engineering Polytechnic Institute of Surabaya

Abstract
A Three-phase induction motor is an electric machine that is widely used in the industry and electric vehicles. An Induction motor has some advantages such as strong and simple construction, relatively cheap prices with high reliability and low maintenance costs. To adjust the rotational speed of an induction motor can be driven by adjusting the input voltage and frequency. Usually, to change the input voltage and frequency was used a three phase inverter that requires DC voltage to be converted into three-phase AC voltage. However, this method has some disadvantages including non sinusoidal output voltage waveform also can cause high harmonics. Harmonics will cause an increase in losses that can decreasing the efficiency and disturbing the power system stability. The Direct Matrix Converter with Space Vector Modulation (SVM) method has several advantages that can solve the problem to get a good quality of electrical power system and stable performance can be obtained in driving three phase induction motor speed .

Keywords
Three-phase induction motor, Matrix converter, Space Vector Modulation (SVM), Harmonics.

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/knCEv7AP8V6B

Corresponding Author
Robi Kurniawan

Institutions
1 Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
2 Centre of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, 65145 East Java, Indonesia
3 Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, 5 Research Link, Singapore 117603, Singapore

a)Corresponding author: robi.kurniawan.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
The main keys in developing solar cells are their optical absorption and electron transfer (optical conductivity) levels. To enhance these two characteristics, an electron transport layer (ETL) was added to the solar cell, which is used to prevent electron recombination. Zinc oxide nanorod (ZnO NR) is one of the potential ETL candidates in the new generation of solar cells due to its high electron transfer. To optimize the use of ZnO NR in new generation solar cells, we combine NR ZnO with graphene, into a hybrid ZnO NR/graphene system. Optical absorption and conductivity of hybrid ZnO NR/graphene were studied using spectroscopic ellipsometry. A dramatic change in ellipsometry spectra has been observed, which increases with a higher number of graphene in the hybrid systems. Furthermore, the role of graphene on the optical absorption and conductivity of hybrid systems was investigated through fittings by applying the effective medium approximation (EMA) model. This study will provide a good understanding of optical absorption and optical conductivity of hybrid ZnO NR/graphene, which is an important key in the development of high-performance new generation solar cells.

Keywords
Hybrid ZnO NR/graphene, spectroscopic ellipsometry, optical absorption, optical conductivity

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gXP4hJuWQR3Y

Corresponding Author
Putu Hadi Setyarini

Institutions
1Mechanical Engineering, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia 65145
2Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia 50273
3Industrial Engineering, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia 65145

Abstract
This research aims to determine the effect of adding filler material in the form of waste material on Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) in making roller rubber to improve quality in terms of hardness and tensile strength. Each rubber roller compound is made from a mixture of NBR with rice husk, waste rubber and wood charcoal. The test of hardness and tensile strength were done. The test results show that the addition of rice husk can increase hardness by 30% when compared to NBR without the addition of filler. While the value of tensile strength for NBR, and waste rubber alloys is much higher because this alloy is much more elastic.

Keywords
NBR, hardness, tensile strength, waste materials

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ZzLHK4yaqhdp

Corresponding Author
Arramel Arramel

Institutions
1Surface Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117542

2 Energy Research Institute [at] Nanyang Technological University (ERI[at]N) 50, Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553

3CINTRA UMI CNRS/NTU/THALES 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Level 6, Border X Block, Singapore 637553

4 Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, 5 Research Link, Singapore 1176033

5Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) and
Graphene Research Centre (GRC), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117546, Singapore

Abstract
In this talk we will highlights our recent findings that essentially to achieve a superior physical performance of all-inorganic perovskites. Namely, two representative novel material such as bismuth-based ternary halide and cesium lead bromide have recently gained a lot of attention for an enhanced solar cell applications. However, photovoltaic performances of these devices remain poor, mostly due to their low-dimensional crystal structure and large bandgap. Here, a dynamic hot casting technique to fabricate silver bismuth iodide-based perovskite solar cells under an ambient atmosphere with promising power conversion efficiencies above 2.5% is demonstrated. In addition, Second part of the talk to investigate the interfacial nature across such heterostructures, high-resolution photoemission technique were employed. This work provides a new direction for fabrication of solution-processed lead-free perovskite solar cells with a rapid fabrication strategy irrespective of the processing environment.

Keywords
Perovskites, photovoltaics, x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, power conversion efficiency.

Topic
Smart materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9QfXWYCrtJ2V