Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Riser Fahdiran

Institutions
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Indonesia, Depok, IDN

2Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Rawamangun, Jakarta Timur, Indonesia, 13220

Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) is the most contamination problem on the marine environment. Small pelagic fish like anchovies are one of the organism which exposured by microplastics, yet reported contamination on Indonesian anchovies is lacking. Here, the investigation result from anchovies digestive tract (Stolephorus spp.) sampled (n = 15). The total microplastics contamination from Talisayan harbor, East Kalimantan is 366 ± 3,51 particles/individual. Kind of microplastics size range detected as categories: < 20 µm, 20-50 µm, 50-500 µm, 500-1000 µm, and >1000 µm. Most of microplastics shapes from Talisayan harbour are microfilm (50%) and microfiber (29,59%). The type of polymers are confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy as polypropylene, high-density polyethylene and foamed polystyrene nylon. Our findings reported that spesific size range (50-500 µm) is the most majority of microplastics size range which are ingested by anchovies from Talisayan harbor. The microplastics are more dangerous if another contamination found together on it. On this investigation, the mercury contamination also tested and the result showed as not detected mercury contaminant. The anchovies are had the economic value and also small pelagic fish which are play as prey for the other big fish. The exposured are possible to the human by contaminated seafood diet.

Keywords
Ingestion; microplastics; anchovies

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9ezW836LxXCM

Corresponding Author
Dino Rahardiyan

Institutions
a)Dino Rahardiyan, b)Jantje Ngangi, c)Emma Mauren Moko, d)Aser Yalindua, e)Meity Neltje Tanor, f)Sukmarayu Pieter Gedoan
a)Agribusiness Department, Faculty of Agricultural, De La Salle Catholic University, Manado, 95000, Indonesia, drahardiyan[at]unikadelasalle.ac.id

b,c,d,e,f) Biology Department, Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty, Manado State University

Abstract
Locally known as Dalugha (Cyrtosperma merkusii) or namely Giant Swamp Taro (GST) is an endemic underutilized foodcrop of North Sulawesi, that is important amongst the surrounding island dwellers of Sangihe, Talaud and other surrounding islands. In accordance to the Indonesian government-s policy in regards with food security and resilience. The purpose of this research is to record the growth of GST in its natural habitat and its morphological characteristics. Initial surveys within this study indicated that the natural habitat of GST is widely spread in several island among the regencies of Siau and Tagulandang, Sangihe, and Talaud to the farthest island of Miangas bordering North Sulawesi and Southern Philippines. On the mainland of North Sulawesi GST is also found in brackish swamps nearing the shorelines of Tiwoho village, in the North Minahasa Regency. Morphologically GST that was found in these areas were measured and identified while he characteristics of the soil in which is the natural habitat of GST were also analyzed for their chemical compositions.

Keywords
natural habitat, growth environment, morphological characteristics, Cyrtosperma merkusii, staple food crop

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MZgFGxz3TYqm

Corresponding Author
solihin solihin

Institutions
Department of Out-of-School Education, Faculty of Education, Jakarta State University
Biology Education – Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences – Jakarta Islamic State University* solihinone[at]yahoo.com
Indonesian education university. Dr. Styabudi 229 Bandung
Asmis business and multimedia institute

Abstract
Students critical thinking skills in environmental concepts can be improved by one of them by realizing learning through critical literacy training based on mass media. The research was conducted in two places, first at the Didactic LPM Secretariat, UNJ as a routine meeting place and the second at the NGO Unlimited Schools office on Jalan Kemandoran. The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical information regarding the improvement of critical learning skills of members of critical pedagogy groups. The methodology used in this study is Practical Action Research or action research by organizing a learning action in a training model. The results of the research obtained showed an increase in critical learning skills of members of critical pedagogy groups after being given treatment that had been tested by hypothesis with the t-test. The average increase in their critical learning abilities reaches 43%. The conclusion that can be drawn is that this study tends to be able to be a solution to the problems of critical learning that are used functionally in other objects.

Keywords
Critical Learning Environment, Students, Training Model

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fuW7JAPwxzXd

Corresponding Author
Niken Subekti

Institutions
a) Biology Department, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Semarang Jalan Taman Siswa, Semarang 50229, Indonesia
*nikensubektiunnes[at]gmail.com
b) Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,
81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract
Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) is a stored pest that cause demage to nuts. One of the techniques of preservation of foodstuffs from the insects pest that already done is by using chemical pesticides and fumigant. The use of chemicals continuously can affect to peoples health and pollute the environment and non-target organisms. Pest control using essential oils is considered safer and environmentally friendly. Essential oils used in this study are A. nardus, E. globulus, and M. piperita. It made nanoemultion to reduce evaporation. This research aims to analyze the insecticidal activity of chlorpyrifos and the three types of essential oils as well as their repellent to adult Callosobruchus maculatus (F.). The research method consists of sample preparation, manufacture nanoemultion of essential oils, mortality test, and repellent test. The results showed that the pesticide chlorpyrifos has high insecticidal percentage compared with essential oils, but its use is not environmentally friendly. However, all the encapsulated essential oils in this study has potential to be used as a environmentally friendly pesticides to control the insect pest Callosobruchus maculatus (F.).

Keywords
Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), chlorpyrifos, essential oil

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/A97uBKNGjRJw

Corresponding Author
ni putu diah witari

Institutions
a) Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa, Denpasar, Bali
*diahwitari[at]gmail.com
b) Tabanan General Hospital, Bali

Abstract
Indonesia as one of the tropical countries has a high prevalence of dengue. Pathophysiology of dengue fever is through the role of the immune system, one of which is the role of cytokines. Interleukin 8 (IL8) is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by macrophage cells in the immune response. Several studies have linked interleukin 8 levels with dengue infection. The purpose of this study was to determine interleukin 8 levels in patients with dengue fever. The research design used was a cross-sectional study. Serum samples of 50 samples were collected and then examined for interleukin 8 levels using the ELISA method. The results of this study, more research subjects diagnosed with dengue fever as much as 90% (45 samples) and 10% (5 samples) dengue hemorrhagic fever. Through the Mann-Whitney test analysis, IL8 levels are expressed in the median (minimum-maximum). Levels of IL8 in dengue fever 19.76 (13,70-89,62) and 25,15 (15,74-25,87) in dengue hemorrhagic fever. The conclusion is that interleukin 8 levels were not statistically different between patients with dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever.

Keywords
Interleukin 8, dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever.

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CjHYU7b94zGh

Corresponding Author
Sipriyadi Sipriyadi

Institutions
Universitas Bengkulu

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to isolated and characterize of news xylanase produced by Bacillus subtilis strain O42 from mangrove sediment in Kahyapu, Enggano island, Bengkulu. This research was conducted from september 2018 to april 2019 at the microbiology laboratory faculty of mathematic and natural science university of Bengkulu. The sediment from mangrove forest were collected from Kahyapu, Enggano island. Isolation of sample were plated on 0.5% beechwood xylan agar medium. The isolates were characterized and identified based on the morphological and biochemical assay. Isolate which produced largest clear zone than the other isolates were selected for further assay by Dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. The selected potential xylanolitic isolate was identify based on 16S rRNA. The results of this study showed that the potentially isolate were EM26 isolate from 36 total bacteria isolated. The crude enzyme production of EM26 showed the highest activity at 40 hours incubation with the enzyme activity of 0.484 U/mL. This crude enzyme optimally worked at pH 6, temperature 35oC with the enzyme activity of 0.289 U/mL . Based on 16S rRNA identification, isolate EM26 has close relationship with Bacillus subtilis strain O42 isolate.

Keywords
-

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/HkgwMNtaxRcG

Corresponding Author
Diah Kusumawaty

Institutions
Prodi Biologi Departemen Pendidikan Biologi FPMIPA Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jalan Dr. Setiabudi no 229 Bandung 40154 Indonesia
*diah.kusumawaty[at]upi.edu

Abstract
Housekeeping gene are effective genes needed in cell maintenance and often used as internal controls in gene expression normalization because of their stable nature. However, information from the housekeeping gene especially on Anguilla bicolor is unknown. In relation that, this study aims to isolate and sequencing housekeeping of Anguilla bicolor by designing degenerate primer. 18s ribosomal proteins (18S rRNA), Beta Actin (ACTB), Elongation Factor 1-Alpha (ef1a) and Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH). The degenerate primer consists of two primer sets (outer and inner) were designed by: (1) Collection fish sequences of Actinopterygii class; (2) Aligment sequences; (3) Uploading sequences to the Primaclade web; (4) Selection of primary pairs. The selected primers were then used to amplify housekeeping gene Anguilla bicolor using the Nested PCR method. DNA of Anguilla bicolor was obtained from DNA isolation using the Sambrook protocol. The result of housekeeping gene amplification was then sequenced directly to determine the nucleotide sequences of the gene sequences. Next, contig and BLAST analysis are performed on the gene sequences obtained to ensure that the sequences match the target genes. The results of BLAST analysis showed that the three of four genes sequences were corresponding to the target gene, those are ribosome protein 18s (18S rRNA), Beta Actin (ACTB) and Elongation Factor 1-Alpha (ef1a). The general grouping of dendrograms showed that the three gene sequences were in groups with gene target. The conclusion of this study is the discovery of three specific sequences which can be used as a source for designing specific primers in subsequent studies.

Keywords
Anguilla bicolor, Housekeeping gene, Degenerate Primer, Nested PCR, Specific Primer.

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/uVLN24PgyrM7

Corresponding Author
Aditya Risandi

Institutions
1,2) Biology Department, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
2) Universitas Negeri Jakarta Culture Collection, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
3) Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81130 UTM, Skudai, Malaysia
4) Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract
Amylase (E.C.3.2.1.1) are the enzyme that can catalyse the hydrolysis of starch into simple monomers. Amylase enzymes are widely needed for use in various industrial fields such as the textile, food, paper and other industries. Yeast can produce enzymes more effectively and safer than other organisms. Amylolytic yeast can be isolated from flower substrates because it contains sugar for yeast nutritional needs. This study aims to isolate, select and characterize amylolytic yeast on the substrate of Paphiopedilum sp. from Bedugul Botanical Garden, Bali. Yeast isolation was carried out with direct and washing method. Screening was carried out on YPSA medium with diffusion agar method. The result of isolation obtained 19 isolates of yeast with characteristics of 73.9% white-mucoid, 21.05% cream-mucoid and 5.26% light flesh-mucoid. Screening results showed that 10 isolates were able to produce an amylase enzyme with code isolates P1, P4, P6, P10, P11, P12, P13, P14, P15 and P19. The potential yeast isolates in yielding amylase with P12 isolate codes had amylolytic index 0,45 mm.

Keywords
Amylase, Phapiopedillum sp., Yeast

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YTHb8fMBLJxW

Corresponding Author
Sri Ratna Dewi

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitas Warmadewa, Bali-Indonesia

Abstract
Wastewater needs to be processed before being disposed. Generally the wastewater that produced by a hospital contains a lot of bacteria, viruses, chemical compounds, and drugs which can be harmful for the health of the surrounding community. For this reason, it is necessary to process hospital wastewater by using effective and efficient wastewater treatment technology. One of the processes of wastewater treatment is biological processing that use microorganisms. Aim of this study is to isolate microbial that produce proteolytic capabilities that are potential in treating hospital wastewater. This research is a descriptive study with cross sectional design. Samples were taken from the Waste Water Treatment Plant of Kasih Ibu General Hospital in Denpasar. The screening of the proteolytic bacteria was done by growing the isolated culture on skim milk agar. The colonies that produce clear zone were identified as proteolytic bacteria. In this study a total of 43 isolates were obtained and two isolates showed their proteolytic activity. Both isolates are Gram positive cocci and Gram negative bacilli.

Keywords
isolation; bacteria; hospital; wastewater; proteolytic

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yUGRjcnmAPX6

Corresponding Author
Lalu Zulkifli

Institutions
1)Deparment of Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Mataram University
*)Corresponding author : lalu_zulkifli[at]unram.ac.id

Abstract
Mangrove plants are widely used traditionally in treating various types of infectious diseases in the people of Lombok Island. This study aims to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from the roots, stems, leaves and fruits of mangrove Rhizophora mucronata Lam. which grows in Gili Sulat, and to determine their antibacterial activity against some patogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Media used for isolation were NA and TSA. Antibacterial activity tests were carried out with well diffusion methods, and the level of antibacterial activity refers to the category according to Vasanthakumari. Characterization of endophytic bacteria includes morphological of colonies, cell morphology, physiology. Eighteen (18) endophytic bacteria isolates were obtained. Results showed that 12 isolates of endophytic bacteria had moderate (8-12mm) to strong category (> 12mm) of their antibacterial activity against B. cereus and P. aeruginosa. Isolate of NBM2(1) gave the strongest antibacterial activity against B. cereus. It can be concluded that endophytic bacteria isolated from mangrove R. mucronata Lam. is highly potential to be developed as a new antibacterial source, especially against B. cereus pathogenic bacteria.

Keywords
Endophytic bacteria, Antibacterial activity, R. mucronata Lam..

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qwEQA2rzTNnB

Corresponding Author
solihin solihin

Institutions
Department of Out-of-School Education, Faculty of Education, Jakarta State University
Biology Education – Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences – Jakarta Islamic State University* solihinone[at]yahoo.com
Indonesian education university. Dr. Styabudi 229 Bandung
Asmis business and multimedia institute

Abstract
This study investigated the contribution of a Cooperative Instructional Strategies in developing academic discussion. Academic discussion is an important element of historical thinking, which is considered to improve conceptual understanding and support the development of democratic citizenships by helping students interpret, understand and connect patterns of human activity across time in environment. Adult learner as research conditions, participated in this study. The outcome variables discussed in the paper are adult learner self-esteem and classroom climate. Over the period of the study, cooperative learning did not significantly improve the self-esteem of adult learner. However, adult learner in the experimental group who were taught through the cooperative learning approach perceived classwork to be less difficult than the control adult learner who worked individually. The control adult learner also reported a decline in satisfaction with classwork and perceived more friction in their class. Interviews with the instructor and adult learner showed favourable attitudes toward cooperative learning.

Keywords
Cooperative learning, classroom climate, environment, self-esteem, affective outcomes, adult learner perceptions

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/wDrzuGFmBcpP

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni

Institutions

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a collection of symptoms caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Bali is the 4th region with the largest number of HIV cases in Indonesia. Data from the Denpasar Health Office stated that the highest number of HIV / AIDS cases was in South Denpasar District with 558 cases. Community leaders as a sample in this study considered to have a great influence on the community in the environment. The purpose of this research is to identify knowledge about HIV / AIDS and attitude of public figure to PLHIV patient especially in South Denpasar. This research is descriptive with cross sectional approach to 96 public figures in South Denpasar selected by using multi-stage random sampling technique. Data collected through questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability. The result of community leaders who have good knowledge as many as 39 respondents (40.6%), quite as much as 57 respondents (59.4%) but there are no respondents with less knowledge category. In the category of attitude there are 50 respondents (52.1%) with good category, 39 respondents (40.6%) with enough category and 7 respondents (7.3%) with less category. This study is expected to be useful as a basis for further education to reduce transmission and increase HIV / AIDS prevention efforts and reduce the negative stigma and rejection of PLWHA and theoretically can be a reference in subsequent research.

Keywords
Knowledge, Attitude, PLWHA, HIV / AIDS

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qXD4hZcd7ypE

Corresponding Author
Halimatus Sadiyah

Institutions
(a) Biology Education Department, State University of Jakarta, Jalan Rawamangun muka, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia.
*nurmasari_sartono[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
The limited information that is only in the form of text and images in the practicum guide that already exists causes various obstacles experienced by students in biology labs. The smartphone application comes with the potential to combine information in the form of text, images, videos and quizzes as a medium for student learning. This study aims to see the effect of the use of smartphone biology practical guide applications on the ability of science processes of students using quasi-experimental methods with pre-post-test control group design research design. The conclusion obtained is that the use of biological practicum guidance application has a positive influence on students scientific process abilities.

Keywords
laboratory manual, smartphone, psychomotoric, outcome.

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DCPqVHvkTBA6

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still a health problem in the world including Indonesia. Province in Indonesia with the highest DHF rate in 2015 is Bali. The number of dengue fever cases continues to increase in Gianyar Regency. This is not separated from the role of housewives in taking care of the house. The purpose of this research is to know the level of knowledge, attitude and behavior of housewife about mosquito nest eradication in Gianyar Regency in 2017. This research is a descriptive research conducted by using cross sectional method. The sample of this study is 106 housewives selected by multistage random sampling method. The results of this research indicates that the knowledge rates of housewives about mosquito nest eradication is enough 50.9%, less 29.2%, and good 19.8%. The results of housewife attitudes shows enough attitudes at 75.5%, good 20.8% and less 3.8%. For the results of housewives behavior reveals enough behavior 58.5%, less 34.9%, and good 6.6%. The results showed that the knowledge levels, attitudes, and behaviors of housewives in the Batubulan Village, Sukawati District, Gianyar Regency about mosquito nest eradication reveals enough. Therefore, counseling about mosquito nest eradication activities should be done to improve knowledge, attitude and behavior of housewives. In addition it is suggested all parties take an active role in conducting mosquito nest eradication activities in order to improve the degree of health.

Keywords
DHF, Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, Mosquito Nest Eradication

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/QVUDjmcPyg4Y

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
The elderly population in Indonesia has increased significantly as indicated by the increasing average life expectancy of Indonesians in the last decade , from 69.1 years (2005) to 70.1 years (2015). In Indonesia, rheumatism ranks 2 of the top 10 health problems of the elderly. Gianyar District Health Office report in 2013, mentioned that the number of rheumatic visits was ranked 3rd out of 10 major diseases at health care. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of elderly against rheumatic diseases in Samplangan Urban Village, Gianyar District. This study uses descriptive quantitative design with cross-sectional approach.Respondents in this study of 106 elderly are recorded in Banjar Bukit Batu and Selat, Samplangan Village Gianyar. In this study the sample was selected using simple random sampling. Data collection did by direct interview and using questionnaires that has been valid to the respondent. The results obtained that generally the level of knowledge of the elderly against rheumatic disease is still not good. As for the attitude and behavior of the elderly against rheumatic diseases are already in good category. Therefore expected that Samplangan Urban Village can provide further information or counseling about rheumatism to improve the knowledge and health status of the elderly.

Keywords
Elderly, Rheumatism, Level of Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ckwduCyUrQMn

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease with high prevalence in Indonesia. Riskesdas in 2007 said that DM was the sixth leading caused of death in Indonesia with . Sanglah Central Hospital Denpasar is the only hospital in Bali that has Diabetic Center . Diabetic can be regarded as a disease that deplete property, therefore it need a real behaviour that is based on a good attitude and knowledge to avoid bad complications. This study aims were to determine the level of knowledge, attitude, and behaviour of type II DM patients in Sanglah Central Hospital Denpasar in 2017. The type of research used was descriptive with cross sectional approach. The number of respondents in this study were 70 patients, selected by consecutive sampling technique. This study used primary data which obtained through the direct respondent-s interviewed with prepared quesioner. Processing and data analysis were performed using SPSS. Characteristics of respondents were differentiated by sex, age, education, and lenght of treatment. The results showed 66 respondents (94,3%) have good level of knowledges, 53 respondents (75,7%) have good attitudes, and 43 respondents (61,45%) have good behaviour. The conclusion of this study is that most respondents have good level of knowledges, attitudes, and behaviours although many respondents found have less understanding about diet.

Keywords
Diabetes mellitus, Management, Knowledge, Attitude, Behaviour

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fgdzx4QZTJWN

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
Alcoholic beverages are beverages containing alcohol (C2H5OH) which fermented or distilled from carbohydrates. Alcohol can trigger disorders such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, neuropsychiatry, gastrointestinal tract, infection, injury, and neonatal abnormalities. About 38.3% world population aged 15 years and above consumed alcohol, while in Indonesia 4.6%. A quarter of the consumption (24.8%) is illegal, which is homemade alcohols that are produced or sold out of government control. Therefore, the research was conducted with the aim to know the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of people against alcoholic beverages. This research was designed as a quantitative descriptive research with cross sectional approach. Sampling used was multistage random sampling technique, the number of samples were 96 obtained by the formula. The results of this study indicate that the respondents knowledge level is mostly good (67.7%), response attitude is mostly good (63.5%), and the behavior of alcoholic drinkers is more than half (56,1%). Active role of health workers is needed to provide information on alcoholic beverages and the government needs to provide oversight and firm action in the circulation of alcoholic beverages.

Keywords
Alcohol, Alcoholic Beverages, Level of Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gAEaH2NMJcFD

Corresponding Author
Astri Yuliawati

Institutions
a) Biology Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati, Indonesia
b) Biology Education Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati, Indonesia
astriyuliawati[at]uinsgd.ac.id

Abstract
Lianas is one of conspicuous plant in tropical rainforests. Its special characteristics is climbing or twisting around other plant. Gunung Tilu nature reserve is one of remaining tropical forest in West Java which potentially as lianas habitat. This research aims are inventory and determine the diversity of lianas in Gambung area which is the most potential area for lianas habitat in Gunung Tilu nature reserve. This research was carried out by descriptive exploratory method. Sampling was done by combining transect and quadrat technique method, with length of the transect is 700m which stretched from an altitude of 1489mpl (the lowest altitude at the study site) to 1580mdpl (highest altitude). The results showed that there were 13 families, 15 genera with 24 species of lianas. Tetrastigma sp. is the type of liana with the highest Important Value Index of 29.24%, while Aescyhnanthus sp.2 and Cissampelos pareira have the lowest Important Value Index of 0.47%. Lianas Shannon – Wiener diversity index in Gambung area Gunung Tilu nature reserve is 1.092.

Keywords
Liana, vegetation analysis, diversity

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8yEeAN3mh64u

Corresponding Author
Sang Ayu Made Putri Suryani

Institutions
(a) Aquatic Resources Management, Warmadewa University
suryanip[at]rocketmail.com
(b) Aquatic Resources Management, Warmadewa University
(c) Aquatic Resources Management, Warmadewa University

Abstract
Genus Rasbora is a freshwater fish belonging to the Cyprinidae familia distributed covering the Asian region, especially in Southeast Asia. There are 90 species of fish Rasbora scattered around the world where 56 species distributed in Indonesia and 3 species are endemic to Indonesia. Rasbora fish used as an alternative source of protein because protein is high at 33.4 g / 100 g. Rasbora higher protein content than the protein content of carp and milkfish, Rasbora also contain high fluorine and contains omega3. This study aimed to describe the longitudinal distribution and population structure in the basin Rasbora lateristriata Sungi, Tabanan. Analysis of population structure based on weight and the total length, determine the interaction between physical and chemical factors with an abundance of Rasbora lateristriata. This study used a survey method with purposive random sampling technique to collect the sample. This study uses three stations by topography and environment, namely the upstream, midstream and downstream. Rasbora species diversity and abundance will be calculated by cluster analysis, longitudinal distribution and population structure will be explained descriptively. The interaction between physical factors with an abundance of Rasbora will be analyzed by principal component analysis. In the current study found that two species Rasbora Rasbora lateristriata and Rasbora sp. with 132 individual species of Rasbora lateristriata and distributed longitudinally along the river Sungi on the middle and downstream. Lateristriata Rasbora weight ranging from 1, 3 to 6 grams, the total length ranges from 4 to 7.5 cm. Lateristriata Rasbora distribution is affected by the DO, temperature, TSS and BOD. The existence of Rasbora lateristriata influenced by light intensity and depth

Keywords
Rasbora lateristriata, longitudinal distribution, physical-chemical, Sungi River

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/V9ktQXuvTeyW

Corresponding Author
Riser Fahdiran

Institutions
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, West Java, Indonesia
2 Department of Biology, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, East Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia

Abstract
Regression of the corpus luteum (CL) is characterized by loss of the capacity to synthesize progesterone (P4) and tissue degradation by apoptosis (functional and structural luteolysis). Luteinizing hormone (LH) is one of the most potent stimulators in progesterone production by corpus luteum (CL) of most mammals, including cow. This research hypothesized that LH suppresses apoptosis of bovine luteal steroidogenic cells (LSC). We examined the effect of LH on cell death such as cell viability and DNA fragmentation factors which related with apoptosis. Cultured bovine LSC obtained from the CL at the mid stage (Days 8–12 of the cycle) were treated for 24 h with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF; 2.9 nM) and recombinant bovine interferon gamma (IFNG; 2.5 nM) in the presence or absence of LH (0.34 nM). LH reduced the levels of cell death in the LSC induced by TNF and IFNG (P<0.05). Furthermore, DNA fragmentation induced by TNF and IFNG was observed to be suppressed by LH. In conclusion, LH affects viability of luteal cells as an anti-apoptotic factor in bovine CL by increasing cell viability and suppressed DNA fragmentation. This suggests that LH plays luteoprotective roles in bovine CL by suppressing apoptosis of LSC.

Keywords
Luteinizing hormone; supress apoptosis; bovine luteal cells

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dFefrVRMhmwC

Corresponding Author
Elsa Lisanti

Institutions
1 Universitas Negeri Jakarta (UNJ) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kampus A, Gedung Hasjim Asjarie Lt. 9. Jl. Rawamangun Muka Jakarta Timur, 13220, Indonesia
2 Department of Veterinary Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB), Dramaga Bogor 16680, Indonesia)
E-mail : sajuthi[at]indo.net.di
3 Departement Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB), Dramaga Bogor 16680, Indonesia
4 Center Application Isotopes and Radiation (CAIR), National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia, Jalan Lebak Bulus Raya No. 49 South Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
Neem is a herbal plant that can be used as male contraceptive, by preventing the penetration of spermatozoa in the process of in vitro fertilization. However, the mineral content found in the seeds and leaves of neem can induce oxidative stress in mice, characterized by increased lipid peroxidation potential in the spermatozoa. This study aimed to evaluate the malondialdehyde levels of spermatozoa were epidydimal in mice. To calculate MDA levels in spermatozoa a standard thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method is used. The first group was plot as a control. The four groups were orally treated by neem leaves (two groups) and seeds extract (two groups) in 0.5 mL/mouse/day at doses 0.25 and 0.50 mg/kg bw each for 36 days then were sacrificed. The other four groups were treated same as those in the previous four groups and sacrificed at 36 days post last treatment. Data were analyzed by randomized completely design (RCD) in the test differ of 5%. The results showed that the administration of seed and leaves of water extract of neem did not reduce the MDA levels of sperm mice. The conclusion that the mineral content of neem extracts (seeds and leaves) are safe to use.

Keywords
Seeds, leaves, MDA, mice, neem, spermatozoa

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7XhebYj6qcfA

Corresponding Author
erna bagiari

Institutions
Departemen of Cardiology, Sanjiwani Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
Abstract. Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is one of the most common pre-excitation syndrome. Accessory pathway formed between the atria and ventricles become conduction path other than the atrioventricular node. The occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the WPW syndrome cases are quite rare, and seldom reported in the medical literature. WPW syndrome that have a tachyarrhythmia has a specific treatment and contraindications, thus giving preferred treatment should avoid the potential occurrence of ventricular fibrillation (VF). We describe adult male presenting with a very rapid, irregular wide QRS complex tachycardia, with hemodynamic instability. Successful cardioversion performed in the emergency room (ER). ECG results after cardioversion showed normal sinus rhythm with accompanying evidence of accessory pathway in accordance with WPW type A with the localization of the LV free wall. Medical personnel need special attention in emergency cases. AF with aberrant conduction and ventricular tachycardia are the very first thing to be considered in cases of wide QRS complex tachycardia. However, medical personnel need to consider that WPW syndrome accompanied with AF will give an increased heart rate (> 200 x / min), wide QRS complex and irregular rhythm, especially when choosing a pharmacological therapy. Several hypotheses which can cause AF in patients with WPW including spontaneous degeneration atrioventicular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), electrical properties accessory pathway, accessory pathway effects on atrial structure and vulnerability of intrinsic atrial muscle. The location of accessory pathway and also the possibility of a hidden track of accessory pathway that sometimes gives an overview of less obvious delta waves, but does not rule out the WPW syndrome in this case. AF has a significant prognostic in WPW syndrome. This condition can be life-threatening if there is very rapid ventricular response. The use of drugs that slow AV conduction block is not recommended.

Keywords
management; atrial fibrillation; WPW syndro

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/RwtQEzLYHryG

Corresponding Author
Didi Jaya Santri

Institutions
Universitas Sriwijaya

Abstract
Research has been conducted to determine the rate of growth of freshwater microalgae from South Sumatra swamp waters in BG11 medium with the addition of CO2 in a simple bioreactor. Two types of microalgae used are Nanochloris sp. and Chlorella sp. This study used a Randomized Block Design with 3 treatments (control, addition of aerators and addition of aerators and CO2). Growth medium is BG11 Medium with 1500 ml volume. CO2 gas is added as much as 36 BPM, for 60 minutes per day. Bioreactors are exposed outdoors in 12-hour solar lighting. Growth rate is measured by Optical Density (OD) method. The results showed that the addition of CO2 had a significant effect and was able to increase the growth rate of Nanochloris sp and Chlorella sp by 336% and 226% respectively over 12 days of culture compared to controls.

Keywords
Bioreactor, Chlorella, CO2, Microalgae, Nanochloris, South Sumatra.

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/btuaXeULQhRN

Corresponding Author
Indri Hapsari

Institutions
a) Doctoral Student, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Indonesia
*indrihapsari_ump10[at]yahoo.co.id
b) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Indonesia
c) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Indonesia

Abstract
Ideally the compounding drug is made from pure active substances but in reality the prescribed drug as an extemporaneous compounding is in a form of factory finished drug dosage form, which should be intended for adult then formulated and adjusted to the conditions of patients. The Food Drug Administration (FDA) is aware of quality problems of drugs prescribed; one of the problems is contamination. This study aims to determine the microbial contamination in the dosage of non-sterile semi-solid extemporaneous compounding prescribed in primary health care centers. This study was an experimental observation conducted on primary health care centers by taking the prescriptions of semi-solid dosage forms used as samples. Hydrocortison and Gentamycin by microbial testing used selective media for 5 pathogenic microbes, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Data analysis was carried out descriptively by comparing the results of the study with the requirements contained in United States Pharmacopeia (USP). Based on USP requirements, there were three semi-solid non-sterile dosage forms of extemporaneous compounding from primary health care centers A, B and D that have not meet the requirements because from the microbial test results it was found bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and/or Staphylococcus aureus.

Keywords
microbial contamination, non-sterile, semi-solid, extemporaneous compounding, primary health care center

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CGFcBEz3uKJ8

Corresponding Author
Riser Fahdiran

Institutions
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences., Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
2Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Rawamangun, Jakarta Timur, Indonesia, 13220

Abstract
This research focused on the amount of abundance of microplastics in the sea hare Dolabella auricularia as well as the seagrass fields along the southern coast of Pramuka Island. Sampling of 8 individuals of Dolabella auricularia along with seagrass Cymodocea rotundata leafblades was done at the southern coast of Pramuka Island, after which the samples were preserved and brought to a laboratorium in Depok for microplastic analysis. The sea hares- digestive tracts were extracted and dissolved in strong nitric acid. A 1 cm2 portion of a seagrass leaf blade was cut for observation. Prepared samples were observed under a monocular microscope and further analysis was done. Microplastic fibers and film particles were found in highest abundance within the digestive tracts of each sample of Dolabella auricularia as well as on the seagrass surface where the sea hare obtains its algae from, with fragment particles found in much lower amounts. Overall, number of microplastics was found between 40.1 to 73.7 particles/g weight of sea hare digestive tract and the estimated amount of microplastic found at seagrass leafblade was 185 particles/cm2. Results provide evidence that microplastics in the ocean brought by water currents could adsorb on to algae through which it enters the food chain as it is consumed by marine biota.

Keywords
Pramuka Island, Dolabella auricularia, sea hare, Microplastic, seagrass

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/QcWXhDbm3C9z

Corresponding Author
Emma Mauren Moko

Institutions
Universitas Negeri Manado

Abstract
The abundant supply chain of lignocellulosic waste materials renders this biomass material as a potential source biomaterial for advance materials through various tranformation processes as such biological processes. Lignocellulosic biomass maybe transformed to advance biomaterials with the help of enzymes from extracelluler metabolics of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi with capacities to hydrolyze lignocellulosic biomass to their smallest fractions. The role of auxiliary enzymes is an important phase in the efficiency of the hydrolyzation and degradation process of various large cellulolytic biomass. This research explores potential auxiliary enzymes in the form of Lytic Polysaccharide Mono-Oxygenases (LPMO) from fungi that are found in symbiotes of lycenes. These lycenes are endemic to trees growing in North Sulawesi in areas of Tomohon, Minahasa and North Minahasa. Molecular screening was conducted from identified fungi isolates, and based on partial genetical analysis on the locus of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) of the fungi-s ribosomal DNA. Screening results discovered of fungi isolates identified as Trichoderma koningiopsis isolate HZA8 and isolate HZA6, Penicillium sumatraense strain CBS 127365 and strain CBS 130380, Trichoderma hamatum isolate PAN12-45 and isolate PAN12-05, Aspergillus aculeatus strain A1.9 18S, Aspergillus aculeatus isolate XSD-74, Trichoderma reesei strain S2606 and isolate 5A14.

Keywords
screening, auxiliary enzyms, fungus, lignocellulolytic

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xTzWHANwJ2Vc

Corresponding Author
Rini Puspitaningrum

Institutions
1Dept. of Biology, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Jalan Rawamangun Muka 13220. Jakarta Indonesia
2 Dept of Physics. Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Jalan Rawamangun Muka 13220. Jakarta Indonesia

Abstract
Myoglobin has an important role in maintaining the oxygen homeostasis within living tissues. Therefore, the existence of myoglobin is very important to be studied in hypoxia tolerant animals, in this case the Brazilian turtle (Trachemysscriptaelegans). This study aims to detect myoglobin expression in the heart, kidney and lung of Brazilian turtle using the myoglobin primers Myoturtle_F2 and Myoturtle_R1. This study was performed using the RNA total of the heart, kidney, and lung of Brazilian turtles, and using various primer concentrations and annealing temperatures. This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of FMIPA UNJ from June to August of 2010. Through 2% agarose gel electrophoresis, a myoglobin band of 114 pb had been detected in the kidney of normoxic Brazilian turtle. In the lung of the Brazilian turtle, myoglobin was not detected which might be caused by the low myoglobin concentration within the organ.

Keywords
myoglobin, hypoxia tolerant, Brazilian turtle (Trachemysscriptaelegans)

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vNnqgCabTcV8

Corresponding Author
St. Fatmah Hiola

Institutions
a) Biology Department, Universitas Negeri Makassar
b) Environmental Education, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Abstract
Natural orchids or wild orchids are often used as the main ingredient for obtaining commercial types of hybrids, but the existence of these wild orchid species is often threatened with extinction due to narrow land, because many are used for settlements, plantations or due to natural damage. In addition, the taking of orchids in nature without considering its sustainability. The purpose of this study was to explore information about community exceptions around the study area for the preservation of natural orchids. The subjects in this study were the community around Mallawa Resort, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park. This type of research is descriptive using survey methods by conducting interviews and distributing questionnaires to explore information about the needs of the community related to the conservation of natural orchids. The results revealed that basically the community around the Mallawa Resort area was familiar with natural orchid plants (65.93%) but knowledge of natural orchids and their preservation was still lacking (38.27). Generally, people have a caring attitude towards the existence of natural orchids (68.52%). This can be seen from the orchids that are owned by the community generally comes from nature (50.62%) and have been able to develop them (46.91%). However, only a few people feel the benefits of developing natural orchids (22.84%), and involvement in the conservation of natural orchids carried out by the government and other parties (11-38%). The conclusion of this study illustrates the need for an activity to preserve natural orchids through the development of a training model for the community around the study area.

Keywords
Conservation, Mallawa Resort, Natural orchids, Need analysis of community

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JBCZWzcDEnUL

Corresponding Author
Mohamad Agus Salim

Institutions
(1) Biology Department, Science and Technology Faculty of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
(2) Agrotechnology Department, Science and Technology Faculty of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
(3) Mathematic Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Abstract
Microalgae of D. salina possesses multiple pharmacological properties which are mainly attributed to the active compounds such as polyphenol, chlorophyll and B-carotene. However, the utilization of D. salina as a neuroprotective agent in Parkinsons disease is still questionable. In present study, we observed the potential neuromodulatory effects of D. salina extract against the toxicity exposed to paraquat in fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Male wild-type fruit flies were concomitantly induced by paraquat (3.5mM) and D. salina methanolic extract (200 ug/mL) in their diet during 4 days of observation. Paraquat fed fruit flies had exhibited a higher incidence mortality and the worst influence on locomotor phenotypes (negative geotaxis) when compared to the control. D. salina extract treatment showed protection ability against these deleterious effects of paraquat. Though, paraquat exposure caused a marked increase in malondialdehide (MDA) content as indicating increase lipid peroxidation process in brains of fruit flies. Meanwhile, paraquat toxicity was also related to a significant decrease on dopamine level in head of fruit flies, which were attenuated by D. salina extract treatment. Our results conclude that D. salina extract significantly reduced the toxicity of paraquat compounds exposed to fruit flies and proved the usefulness of this model as a potential therapeutic strategy for symptoms that appear in Parkinsons disease.

Keywords
Dunaliella salina ; Fruit fly ; Paraquat ; Parkinson

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DhdG9A4jxtJV

Corresponding Author
Sou Ryuzaki

Institutions
a, IMCE Kyushu University
b, JST PRESTO,
*ryuzaki[at]ms.ifoc.kyushu-u.ac.jp
c, ISIR Osaka University

Abstract
Rapid structural analysis methods for biomolecules and biomaterials consisting of single or several molecules in solution represent innovative technologies to reveal their functions because the functions strongly depend on their own structures. However, there presently exist no rapid structural analysis methods for single nanomaterials suspended in liquid environment. Nanopore sensors have been widely used to investigate the volume of particles and molecules passing through the pore by probing temporal changes in the ionic current pulses. These pulse sensors have been developed for not only size but also shape of analyte during recent years. Smaller aspect ratio defined as the ratio of the depth to the diameter and a high-speed current detection system provide greater spatial resolution, i.e. tomograms of a material passing through a nanopore. Here we will report the development of low-aspect-ratio nanopores with a spatial resolution of ca.35.5 nm and the 10 MHz-current-amplifier, resulting in realization of ultrafast time resolutions of 1.0 μs for the tomography analysis of a material passing through a nanopore. Combining state-of-the-art technologies with multiphysics simulation methods to translate ionic current data into tomograms of nanomaterials passing through a nanopore, we have achieved rapid structural analysis of single and dabble polystyrene (Pst) beads, and bionanomaterials such as E-colis in aqueous solutions [1]. In addition, we will also report plasmonic nanopore devices, which enable us to detect Surface-enhanced Raman Spectrum of a material inside a nanopore. The nanopore devices will be innovative technologies for the fields of nanobiodevices and structural biology. [1] S. Ryuzaki, et al., Nanotechnology 28 (2017) 15550

Keywords
nanopore

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2hVKXN8gWekC