Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Hendrian Budi Bagus Kuncoro

Institutions
(a) Civil Engineering Department, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa Univeristy, Cilegon - Banten, INDONESIA
*hendrianbudibk[at]untirta.ac.id
(b) Civil Enginering and Environmental Department, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA

Abstract
Bamboo is a natural material that in a great demand in the field of simple construction, so connection is one of the things that need to be considered. Research on bamboo connection has been carried out using bolts, steel gussets with wood or mortar fillers, and Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP). The use of FRP has advantage since FRP is light, strong, and has adequately high stiffness. This research uses two types of perpendicular connecton to fiber (TLS) with two layers methods, different number of layers, and two bolts which function as lateral connection. The used connection testing method is quasi-static monotonic loading. From the results of the study it is found that TLS01.2L increased the maximum load by 80,05 percent compared to TLS01.1L, while in TLS02.2L there is a decrease of 20,65 percent compared to TLS02.1L. In addition, the average ductility value is 2,63 for TLS01 and 2,11 for TLS02 so the stiffness value only reaches 1,75 for TLS01 and 1,97 for TLS02. It can be concluded that the numbers of layer does not affect the strength of the TLS connection but rather the FRP bonding area and the windings method which influences the strength and stiffness of the connection.

Keywords
Experimental; Wulung Bamboo; Perpendicular Fiber Joints; Fiber Reinforced Polymer

Topic
Civil Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/VTeDaBpJ2vgE

Corresponding Author
Ni Luh Gede Ratna Juliasih

Institutions
1 Chemistry Department,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
University of Lampung, Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro No. 1 Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia.

* ratnagede.juliasih[at]gmail.com

2 Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40231, Indonesia.

Abstract
Diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic microalgae, which dispersed in marine and freshwater environments. More than 200 diatom genus with around 100,000 species found in nature, each with different morphologies and dimensions. Their cell walls are composed of biosilica and exhibit species-specific nanoporous to microporous and macroporous patterning which is a promising renewable material for various applications, such as in catalysis, drugdelivery systems, sensors, and Biophotonics, due to the high surface area, mechanical resistance, unique optical features, and biocompatibility. In this study, biosilica of tropical marine diatom C. striata was used as a material for protein purification. The frustule of C. striata was washed with an acid solution and dried in oven. Remaining organic compounds were removed via calcination in a furnace. The biosilica was modified using 3-Mercaptopropylmethyl-dimethoxysilane (MPTS) and the obtained material was characterized using FTIR and SEM_EDX. The binding test capacity was conducted to evaluate the modified biosilica. The protein binding capacity of the modified biosilica was 14520 µg/mL.

Keywords
microalgae, diatom, Cyclotella striata, biosilica, protein purification

Topic
Materials Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tYfe9kuBnrvd

Corresponding Author
Kim Hung Mo

Institutions
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

2 Key Laboratory for Green & Advanced Civil Engineering Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China

3 Centre for Transportation Research, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Abstract
This research involves the preliminary study of utilizing fly ash-based geopolymer mortar in the textile reinforced mortar (TRM) system for concrete strengthening. Results showed that adequate compressive strength of geopolymer mortar with respect to normal cement mortar could be produced. Geopolymer mortar without styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) had higher compressive strength and exhibited superior efficiency in the TRM-flexural strengthening of concrete prisms compared to the geopolymer with SBR as well as the corresponding cement-based mortars. Findings from this study suggests good potential of geopolymer to be further developed in TRM for strengthening applications.

Keywords
textile reinforced mortar; geopolymer; strengthening

Topic
Civil Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9taCzeERc4Ud

Corresponding Author
Denni kartika Sari

Institutions
University of sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Abstract
Kappahycus alvarezi is one type of red seaweed containing kappa carrageenan. Lontar beach in Banten province is one that produce red seaweed In Indonesia. An important factor affecting the production of refined carrageenan is the temperature and extraction method. In this study Refined carrageenan extracted from kappahycus alvarezi using ultrasonic irradiation originated from lontar beach has never been studied. The objective of this research was determining the effect of temperature using ultrasonic irradiation and conventional extraction. The result indicated that higher temperature resulted in the increase of the carrageenan sulfate content, gel strength, moisture and ash content. The carrageenan moisture content demonstrated a fluctuated value due to temperature variation. This study suggested extraction process in 70 oC

Keywords
Kappahycus alvarezi, ultrasonic, red seaweed

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6vA7tq3C4rJb

Corresponding Author
Suryana Suryana

Institutions
a) Metallurgical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Cilegon, 42435, Indonesia
*suryana[at]untirta.ac.id

Abstract
The effects of magnesium (Mg) addition on mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminum matrix composite (AMC) have been investigated in this work. Aluminum ADC12/graphite was combined by Mg produced by stir casting. The effect of addition graphite into matrix has been studied with variation 2, 4, and 6 wt- % for each composites. The addition of Mg as wetting agent was introduced with 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 wt-% to promote wettability between ADC12 and graphite. All composites were characterized both microstructures analysis and mechanical properties include tensile strength and hardness. The higher reinforcement content, the higher porosity formed, due to the tendency of de-wetting as well as particles agglomeration. One of the main intermetallic phases present evenly in aluminum matrix is Mg2Si which was confirmed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The added Magnesium in the material that will form Mg2Si primary phases who have a high hardness value of these composites.

Keywords
Aluminum Matrix Composite; Wetting Agent; Graphite Reinforcement; Stir Casting; Microstructure Analysis; Mechanical Properties

Topic
Metallurgy Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LKYfN438CjH6

Corresponding Author
ERLINA YUSTANTI

Institutions
(a) Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Jl. Jenderal Sudirman KM.03 Cilegon-Banten 42435, Indonesia
(b) Research Center for Metallurgy and Material, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia
(c) Research Center for Physics–Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia

Abstract
Fluorine-doped tin oxide is a thin layer of transparent conductive oxide, which has a function as a semiconductor. Fabrication of fluorine tin oxide from this research was expected to replace indium-doped tin oxide. Indium-doped tin oxide function as a commercial transparent conductive oxide. The raw material of indium was limited, so the price is higher than fluorine. The material used are Indonesia local tin (IV) Chloride, ammonium fluoride, and methanol. Conductive liquids has made by the sol - gel method. Sol gel liquids doped with ammonium fluoride to make a high conductivity. The transmittance value at the 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 minutes deposition time were respectively 69.7; 43.6; 14.4; 14.1 and 34.7%. In this research, spin coating method under 3000 RPM and annealing temperature at 300oC. The results of the experiment shows, increased deposition time, make the thickness of the layer increased while resistivity and transmittance decreased. The optimum parameter for glass conductivity fabrication were obtained at 4 minutes time deposition, substrate temperature at 300 oC has a resistivity of 125 k Ω, transmittance 14.1% and bandgap energy 2.48 eV.

Keywords
fluorine-doped tin oxide, stannic (IV) chloride, sol - gel, spin coating.

Topic
Materials Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8FMbVjRXnpUY

Corresponding Author
Lovely Lady

Institutions
University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Abstract
A motorcycle is a vehicle that is widely used by Indonesia community. However, increasing of motorcycle users were not followed by a good driving behaviour, the increasing was directly proportional to increase in the number of traffic accidents. The motorcycle is one of the dominant causes of the traffic accident. This research aims to identify the causes of the deviation and violation in driving that conducted by motorcyclists. The characteristics of driving and the type of irregularities committed by motorcyclists collected using Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ). The respondents were motor drivers who have a motorcycle driving license (SIM) in 8 districts in Cilegon. The data processing used the factor analysis method so that retrieved the factors that caused traffic deviation by the motorcyclists. This research find seven factors that caused the deviation and violation by drivers, they were lack knowledge and traffic rules, vehicle speed exceeds the threshold, the emotions, hasty, careless, not paying attention to the health, and not focus in driving.

Keywords
Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ), factor analysis, deviation, traffic violation

Topic
Industrial Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qkKn28fgzupG

Corresponding Author
Furry Ayu Agustiyani

Institutions
a) Universitas Indonesia
Kampus Baru UI Depok - 16424, Indonesia
*furryayu[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Pedestrian is growing concern, especially in supporting the use of public transportation, because walking is an activity towards and leaving public transportation facilities. Pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users, so the safety and comfort of walking need to be considered. In Indonesia, there were 486.295 accidents with 787.916 victims and 1,1 Trillion material losses in 2013 to 2017. The data also explained that 16.2% of the total pedestrian crashes, which is 96% occurred when pedestrians were walking in areas without zebra crossing and 4% were walking in zebra crossing areas. In the city of Magelang, 27,4% of traffic fatalities were pedestrian fatalities. This amount is the highest number of all cities in Central Java Province (Magelang, Pekalongan, Salatiga, Semarang, Surakarta, and Tegal). There were 175 data of pedestrian crashes with 177 pedestrian victims, which 21% are fatalities. Based on the age of pedestrians, pedestrians are divided into 3 age categories: 0-17 years old are children, 18-65 years old are adults, more than 65 years old are elderly. Factors that significantly affect injury severity pedestrians are days of the week (weekends / weekdays), time of day (night / daylight), lighting condition (dark / light), weather condition (rain / clear), road surface condition (wet / dry), gender (male / female), Pedestrian maneuver before crash ( crossing street / walking along roadway), crash location (road / intersection). This study will be assumed to use a binomial ordered probit model with regard to age at pedestrian accidents. This study will be analyzed using R software to determine the probability of factors affecting pedestrian injury severity.

Keywords
Accident, Safety, Pedestrian, Injury Severity, Age, Binomial Ordered Probit Model

Topic
Civil Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cBAX8PxEhCV4

Corresponding Author
Husaini Husaini

Institutions
Computational Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Universitas Syiah Kuala
Jl. Tgk. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111. Indonesia
*E-mail: husainiftm[at]unsyiah.ac.id

Abstract
Pulley is a mechanism consisting of a wheel that is fastened to a shaft that has a groove between the two edges around it. In its use pulleys always pair with a belt. The belt is usually used on the groove of the pulley to move power and rotation. Pulley failure often occurs due to excessive load and rotation. The case in this study was the failure of the crankshaft Pulley from a Truck that occurred in December 2016 so that the heavy duty truck could not operate anymore. The truck has only been used for around 20 months. The purpose of this study is to find the cause of failure. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a failure analysis where in this case an experimental study was conducted. The analysis was carried out starting from inspection and visual observation. And then also carried out laboratory tests namely hardness testing and observations on the surface of the crack using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). From a series of analyzes, the results show that the initial cracks occur in the corners around the key way. Because the pulleys experience a dynamic load, the initial cracks propagate to a final broken failure. Another result was obtained that the hardness of the outer part of the pulley around the key way, where the thickness of the hardness reaching 4 mm almost reached the thickness of the pulley around the keyway which was about 5mm.

Keywords
Crankshaft pulley; Crack propagation; Truck; Hardness; Failure analysis

Topic
Mechanical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/azJQBFUe4Pju

Corresponding Author
Husaini Husaini

Institutions
Computational Mechanics Laboratory
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala
Jl. Tgk. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7, Darussalam - Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
*husainiftm[at]unsyiah.ac.id

Abstract
As it is known that the failure of the boiler pipe often occurs on the super heater pipe of a Steam Recovery Boiler Pipe Generator (HRSG). Super heater is a component where water vapor is heated with a temperature around 816 ° C to produce enough steam to drive a generator at a steam power plant. The purpose of this study is to analyze the failure of the super heater pipe of the HRSG which has broken. This research starts from visual observation of broken pipes. Further information is also sought about the operating conditions when the pipe breaks. Then a laboratory test was carried out to determine the chemical composition of the HRSG boiler pipe material. Moreover the hardness testing was conducted by using Rockwell Hardness Tester ZHR 4150AK/BK Zwick Roell. And then the micro-structure was observed by using Microscope Optic Olympus GX71. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) observation on the fracture surface was also conducted to find the initial crack. From the results of chemical composition testing, it was found that the material of super heater pipe is made of carbon steel materials ASME SA 178. Metallographic results show that the micro-structure of this material is Ferrite - Pearlite. The result of hardness test shows that the surface area of the pipe is not broken has an average hardness of 25.3 HRB and the hardness of the broken surface has an average hardness of about 15.4 HRB. From the SEM observation, it is known that the failure occurs in a ductile fracture due to inter granular crack occurs on on the fracture surface of the pipe. The presence of deformation (creep) seen on the super heater pipes is due to operating at high temperatures and pressures with long operating time. This condition causes the thickness of the pipe to be depleted and also the presence of pitting corrosion on the inside of the pipe so that it breaks due to crack propagation which penetrates the wall of the pipe until it breaks because the material is no longer able to withstand the steam pressure inside the pipe. To find the magnitude of the stress intensity factor around the tip of the crack is conducted using Finite Element Analysis. From the finite element analysis results, it was found that the stress intensity factor, KI is about 59.49 MPa√mm which occurred in the initial defect area was greater than the value of the fracture toughness of the material KIC is about 49.15 MPa√mm (KI > KIC). This condition indicates that the crack propagation occurred through the pipe wall which caused the boiler pipe to break.

Keywords
Super heater; Fracture; Carbon steel; Hardness; HRSG

Topic
Mechanical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fZ83eFEcLwMm

Corresponding Author
Lutfy Faluthi Firdaus

Institutions
a) Metallurgy and Material Department, University of Indonesia
Depok 16424, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
b) AT Solusi Ltd.
Jakarta Selatan 12240, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
Heat exchanger is a device which is used to transfer heat from one medium to another. When the tubes fail, the reliability of heat exchanger is affected. This paper investigates the probable causes of failure of the tube reboiler sour water stripper in a heat exchanger. In that context, visual observation, dimensional measurement, mechanical testing, metallographic examination, and chemical analysis are conducted as part of the investigative studies. Finally, it has been concluded that the tube has mainly failed due to sulphide stress corrosion cracking.

Keywords
Failure Analysis; Heat Exchanger; Tube Bundle; Stress Corrosion Cracking

Topic
Metallurgy Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/hkWrQgM2ewA8

Corresponding Author
Dhiyaul Helmi Ihsanti

Institutions
Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya,60111, Indonesisa.

Abstract
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is the process of converting hydrogen into liquid fuel through several stages, namely: polymerization of CO and H2 gases into long chain hydrocarbons. From the FT process that requires many of these steps, this research was carried out in order to be able to simplify the Fischer-Tropsch process through limited polymerization to obtain liquid fuels. By combining Co and Fe metal catalysts, it is expected to show better performance than the use of individual metals. Using a Fe-Co / HZSM-5 metal catalyst combination in a fixed bed reactor at a reaction temperature of 225oC. Fe-Co / HZSM-5 catalyst was made by wet impregnation, then Fe-Co/HZSM-5 catalyst was characterized using XRD, BET, and SEM-EDX. From the XRD results, the addition of Fe and Co did not change the crystal structure of the HZSM-5 catalyst. The surface area of the HZSM-5 was 526.03 m2/g and decreased after the addition of metal (Fe and Co) to the HZSM-5. This change indicates that Fe and Co particles were successfully dispersed on the surface of the HZSM-5 and inserted into the HZSM-5 pore. Hydrocarbon biofuel products are analyzed using GC-MS. The results of GC-MS hydrocarbon products showed the highest compounds for hydrocarbons C13 and C14 chains were 5.78% and 6.68% at 225 °C.

Keywords
Fischer-Tropsch, Fe-Co/HZSM-5, Hydrocarbon, Biofuel

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ZUEbjgwQ2HaX

Corresponding Author
Hafid Alwan

Institutions
a) Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, 42435 Cilegon, Banten, Indonesia
b) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, Indonesia
*hafidalwan[at]untirta.ac.id

Abstract
The CFD method is used to evaluate the performance of the spray dryer operation in various geometry and operating conditions. This method is believed to be able to replace, complement, and strengthen the role of the experimental method in resolving problems that occur in the spray drying chamber. Through this method, the design information needed in the cylinder-on-cone spray dryer construction can be obtained. Especially related to the milk drying process. This information is obtained by investigating the performance of the spray dryer with several steps that must be passed. This investigation was conducted aimed at obtaining comprehensive design information. Stages carried out include, constructing thermophysical properties of milk, determining grid generation that includes grid shape and size, determining the size of the geometry of the spray drying chamber, and determining the angle of the droplet spray dryer. Thermophysical properties of milk are constructed in two ways, first using the Aspen Plus® V10 and mathematical equations obtained from experimental data from several researchers. The numerical solution solved through the CFD method using FLUENT ANSYS 19.0. The turbulent model used is Re-Normalized Group-kε (RNG-kε). This turbulent model is believed to be able to provide better results compared to the standard turbulent k-ε model. The standard turbulent k-ε model is built on the basis of turbulent isotropic and turbulent equilibrium, without any correction of the swirl. Through the turbulent model, the swirl RNG-kε found in the spray drying process can be calculated for its contribution. The contribution of the swirl in the turbulent model RNG-kε can be seen through the magnitude of the turbulent viscosity value (μt). The spray drying chamber in this study is represented in two-dimensional geometry (2-D). The shape of the grid used is a triangular (trilateral) form with a total grid of 574.942 elements. Through the shape and number of the grid, the jet pattern is far more stable so that it can minimize the presence of numerical errors. The variables used in this numerical investigation are geometry variable represented by the size of the diameter and spray angle. By using grid size and shape as well as the turbulent RNG-kε model, fluid flow patterns of each variable are obtained. This pattern of fluid flow basically represents the trajectory passed by the particle. Flow patterns that have strong backflow can cause high particle end temperatures. The reason is the particles are held in the drying chamber following the fluid flow. This flow pattern is created in the small size of space and wide spray angle. The problem that is often caused in the presence of particle deposits on the walls and product agglomeration. Through analysis of the droplet evolution curve into particles and sticky area curves, milk droplets can be traced to an area that allows deposits and agglomeration to occur. The result is particle deposition that often occurs in the walls of the cone and the wall near the atomizer. While agglomeration occurs in the product collection area. The design of the spray drying chamber which is considered the best to be built is a spray dryer with 2 m diameter and spray angle of 60 and 100 degrees in order to produce the final product with the low temperature and water content.

Keywords
CFD method, spray dryer, chamber, milk, flow pattern, sticky area

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qbwK8eGFu4B9

Corresponding Author
Sugeng Slamet

Institutions
1 Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2 Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Muria Kudus, Jl. Gondangmanis PO.Box 53, Bae Kudus, Indonesia
3 Center for Innovation of Medical Equipments and Devices/CIMEDs, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

Abstract
Casting and forging is a method of formation to produce gamelan instruments. This study aims to determine the effect of forging deformation on the as-cast gamelan bar to changes in the microstructure, hardness, density, porosity, and acoustical properties of the gamelan instrument. The research material was tin bronze Cu-25wt.%Sn. The casting process uses a sand casting method with a pouring temperature of 1100 °C. The forging deformation process was done by reheating the as-cast gamelan bar at a temperature of 600 °C. The thickness of the as-cast gamelan bar is reduced by 30% after the forging deformation process. The observations on the as-cast gamelan bar show coarse microstructure with large grains, inclusions, and increased porosity. The forged gamelan bar shows finer microstructure, elongated grain, α lamellar, α phase like a plate, and decreased porosity. The hardness of forged gamelan bar increased by an average of 30.3% VHN, density increased by 9,56% and porosity decreased by 95% compared to the as-cast gamelan bar. Acoustic properties show an increase in the natural frequency between the as-cast gamelan bar and the forged gamelan bar are 712.5 Hz and 1058 Hz.

Keywords
tin bronze, casting, gamelan bar, forging, acoustic

Topic
Materials Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/d3LHuFPtCDye

Corresponding Author
Anton Irawan

Institutions
a) Chemical Engineering Department- University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Jalan Jendral Soedirman Km 3 Cilegon 40135 - Indonesia *anton11975[at]yahoo.com

b)Chemical Engineering Department- Bandung Institute of Technology

Abstract
Nowadays, Plastics are widely used mainly as packaging. With the increasing use of plastic, the amount of plastic waste was increasing. Plastic was a material that was difficult to decompose naturally so that plastic waste will continue to accumulate. This condition will disturbance the environment. In other conditions, energy needs, especially fuel oil, are increasing but the availability of crude oil was limited. This condition requires alternative fuels to maintain the availability of fuel oil for the needs of industry, vehicles and households. Both of these conditions can be related to convert plastic waste into fuel oil through the pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis of plastic waste can be done as thermally and catalytically. The thermal plastic pyrolysis process can be carried out at temperatures between 400-500oC and pyrolysis time between 30-60 minutes. The results of pyrolysis of plastic waste produce fuel oil which can be used as fuel in industries such as boilers. GC analysis of gas composition, calorific value and flame test provide a description of the use of fuel oil from the pyrolysis of plastic waste.

Keywords
Plastic Waste, Pyrolysis, Fuel Oil, Calorific Value, Flame

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BZ8hWR2Jtk4n

Corresponding Author
Lely Herlina

Institutions
a) Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa,
*lely[at]untirta.ac.id

b) Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, IPB University

Abstract
Shrimp agroindustry deals with processing raw shrimp into various frozen shrimp products. The production of frozen shrimp products are continuously made based on consumer demand with uncertain pattern. To sustain this production, raw materials, which in this case is, raw shrimp have to be continuously available at all times. Therefore, working integratedly with suppliers to satisfy customer demand is a fundamental goal for shrimp agroindustry. A selection of suppliers in agroindustry is determined according to three criteria, namely the quality of raw materials, delivery time, and payment scheme. These criteria are used as a measurement to evaluate supplier perfomances by decision makers. To minimize uncertainty and subjectivity of decision makers when choosing suppliers, a fuzzy inference system method is proposed. The outcomes of the fuzzy inference system method are a set of rule base that is used to evaluate suppliers in shrimp agroindustry

Keywords
fuzzy inference system, supplier selection, criteria, rule base

Topic
Industrial Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bBkUPmNLW7we

Corresponding Author
Dian Febrianti

Institutions
Universitas Teuku Umar

Abstract
Every building construction must consider environmental conditions that have an impact on the quality of life around it, the increase of global warming, and spend more than 1/3 of the worlds resources for construction. Green building is a building concept that pays more attention to the environment, not only applied to buildings that will be built, but also applied to existing buildings. This study aims to determine the criteria and performance of green building based on the Greenship Rating Tools Version 1.1 standard in built buildings. The research was conducted in Meulaboh, STIMI Campus building in West Aceh Regency. The methods used were direct observation, interviews and distribution of questionnaires. All data are collected based on Greenship Rating Tools Version 1.1, consisting of 6 (six) categories, namely Land Use (Appropriate Site Development / ASD), Energy Efficiency and Conservation (EEC), Water Conservation (WAC), Material and Cycle (MRC), Health and Comfort in Indoor Health and Comfort / IHC and Building and Environment Management (BEM), which consists of 40 criteria with a maximum total number of 117 points. . The results of the study are based on data collected on 40 Greenship criteria from six categories consists of ASD, EEC, WAC, MRC, IHC and BEM, each of which scores 8, 12, 3, 4, 13 and 2 points. The highest value is found on the IHC criteria (13 points) and the lowest value on the BEM criteria (2 points). The overall results obtained a value of 42 points, and have met the criteria as a building that applies the green building concept, including in the bronze rank. But based on the results of interviews with building managers, the management concept has not yet applied the green building concept

Keywords
Green Building, Greenship-GBCI, STIMI Campus Building Meulaboh

Topic
Civil Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/trwebNAJg2V3

Corresponding Author
Medina Yasmin

Institutions
a) Deparment of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Kampus ITS Keputih Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111 Indonesia
*szulle[at]chem-eng.its.ac.id, szullehakim[at]gmail.com

Abstract
A direct conversion to produce biodiesel and chemicals from wet algae under subcritical water-ethanol mixture was presented in this work. This method is known as a green synthesis due to no catalyst required and unaffected by initial moisture content of the feedstock. In this study, carbon dioxide as pressurized gas and ethyl acetate as co-solvent were used to elevate the yield and purity of biodiesel and chemicals. Temperature (125-200oC), reaction time (15-120 minutes), and algal water content (90-200%) were investigated to optimize yield and purity of biodiesel and chemicals. Wet algae has been subjected into hydrothermal reactor together with water-ethanol-ethyl acetate mixture to produce microalgae-based biodiesel. It has been revealed that longer reaction time affected in increasing yield of biodiesel and chemicals while increasing temperature to 200oC had slightly effect in elevate yield and purity of both products required. Moreover, low moisture content of algal still preferred to achieve high yield of products

Keywords
wet microalgae; fatty acid ethyl esters; ethyl levulinate; subcritical water-direct conversion

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xEkqXy3NPzwB

Corresponding Author
Yafid Effendi

Institutions
(1,2,4) Mechanical Engineering Department of Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
(3) Chemical Engineering Department of Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Abstract
Fin and tube heat exchangers are widely used in the chemical industry, power plants, automotive industry, refrigeration, and air conditioning. An improvement of fin and tube heat exchanger performance needs to be done to obtain competitive heat exchanger products in the market. This performance can be enhanced by increasing the value of the convection heat transfer coefficient. One way is to generate longitudinal vortex using the vortex generator. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the use of vortex generators on increasing heat transfer coefficients and pressure losses of air flow through heated tubes in a rectangular channel. The experimental method is to compare the use of vortex generators with no vortex generators (baseline), vortex generators include concave delta winglet pair vortex generators (CDWP VGs) and delta winglet pair vortex generators (DWP VGs) with angles of attack was set at 15o and airflow velocity was set from 0.4 m/s to 2.0 m/s. Inlet, outlet, and surface tube temperatures were measured using thermocouples. From the results of the study, it was found that the use of vortex generators increases the convection heat transfer coefficient and pressure loss compared to those without vortex generators. When using DWP and CDWP VGs, convection heat transfer coefficient is increased by 44.91% and 84.68%, respectively, at Re = 11,101 to 11,272 compared to that without vortex generators and pressure losses increased by 3.51% and 8.20%.

Keywords
convection heat transfer coefficient, pressure loss, vortex generators

Topic
Mechanical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/EkHfDMFepc2a

Corresponding Author
Nazaruddin Sinaga

Institutions
a) Mechanical Engineering Department, Diponegoro University, Jalan Prof. Soedharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
*) nsinaga.ccfed[at]yahoo.com
b) Mechanical Engineering Department, Gorontalo University, Jalan Abd. Wahab 247,Gorontalo 96211, Indonesia
c) Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Islam 45 Bekasi, Jalan Cut Meuthia 83, Bekasi 17113, Indonesia

Abstract
The performance of a motorcycle engine is greatly influenced by the cooling system. If the heat is released more than it should be then the efficiency will decrease. Thus, the engine block cooling system must be designed optimally. This study aimed to obtain a computation model that could be used to develop an optimum cooling system in heat transfer for a motorcycle engine. Calculations were performed numerically using a finite volume method to determine the effect of fin geometry and vehicle speed on the heat transfer rate of a motorcycle engine. The engine block was modeled as an annular fin cylinder which had a stroke volume of 150 cc, where the outer and inner diameter was 78 mm and 62 mm, respectively, while the fin thickness was 2 mm. The simulated vehicle speed was 40 to 100 km/h at 30 oC air temperature. The fin length was varied from 10 mm to 50 mm, and the fin pitch was 4 mm to 14 mm. It was found that there were an optimal length and fin pitch for each vehicle speed. At 50 km/h motorcycle speed, the optimum fin length and pitch were 30 mm and 8 mm, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that this numerical simulation can be used to design an optimal motorcycle engine block cooling system.

Keywords
computational method, engine cooling, fin, finite volume, heat transfer

Topic
Mechanical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/HdemfWpXCbQE

Corresponding Author
yeni muriani zulaida

Institutions
Metallurgy Department, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Jl. Jend Sudirman KM 3,5, 42435, Cilegon, Indonesia

Abstract
Making aluminum product use recycling beverage aluminum cans can reduce the cost of metal production compared to the primary process that starts from the smelting process. One of the manufacturing methods used to recycle aluminum waste is the casting process. Usually, the problem with castings is that they are not homogeneous in the as-cast due to segregation. So that in this study a homogenization process on recycling aluminum castings will be carried out to obtain more homogeneous mechanical properties and microstructure. Variables that influence are heating temperature and holding time during the homogenization process. In this research, the heating temperature used ranges from 500 C to 600 C, and the holding time used is 2 to 4 hours. The optimum condition in this study will obtain if mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and hardness, uniform at any castings location

Keywords
Aluminum, homogenization, recycling, beverage aluminum

Topic
Metallurgy Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/whF8LvX9nGKx

Corresponding Author
Christian Julius Wijaya

Institutions
(a) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia.
(b) Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia.
*gunawan[at]chem-eng.its.ac.id (S. Gunawan)

Abstract
Due to its hydrophilic tendencies, the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) is needed for applying in hydrophobic drug delivery system. The CNC are chosen as a potential drug carrier because it is safety for consumption and cannot be digested by human. Previous studies have investigated several modification agents, such as hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), to enhance the hydrophobicity of the CNC. Natural surfactants, such as rarasaponins (RS), are suitable to avoid the human health and environmental problems caused by the use of the previous modification agents. In this work, RS were attached to the surface of CNC from bamboo shoots (BS) by hydrogen bindings. The OH peak of the CNC/RS showed the higher lever compared to the initial CNC in the FTIR analysis. The initial concentration of RS and the temperature were studied to obtain the best condition of the modification process among the variables studied. Both variables have significances toward the q as the response, where is proven by the p-value less than 5%. The highest amount of linked-RS on the CNC (q) as big as 203.81 mg/g was obtained at a RS initial concentration of 2000 ppm and a temperature of 30C.

Keywords
cellulose nanocrystals, hydrophobicity, rarasaponins, surface modification

Topic
Chemical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/XGBMzQ8dveUc

Corresponding Author
Dani Gustaman Syarif

Institutions
Center for Applied Nuclear Science and Technology-BATAN Jl. Tamansari 71, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
Corresponding author e-mail: danigus[at]batan.go.id

Abstract
Al2O3 nanoparticles have been synthesized by the hydrothermal method for heat transfer nanofluid as an alternative to new cooling fluid. Nanoparticles were synthesized using AlCl3 as a precursor and urea was used as a supporting agent. The hydrothermal process was carried out at 150oC for 17 hours. The hydrothermal product was dried and then calcined at 600oC for 1 hour. The resulting Al2O3 nanoparticles were analyzed using XRD, FTIR, and TEM. Nanofluids were prepared from these nanoparticles by dispersing them into water as a base fluid. Nanofluid characterization was carried out through Critical Heat Flux (CHF) measurements. According to the XRD data, the Al2O3 nanoparticles produced were gamma alumina with a crystallite size of 4.9 nm. FTIR data shows the presence of OH groups on the surface of the nanoparticles. Al2O3 nanofluids made were known to be stable with an average zeta potential of 50 mV. Compared to water, CHF enhancement of this nanofluid increased by 80%.

Keywords
Hydrothermal, Al2O3, nanofluid, Critical Heat Flux, heat transfer

Topic
Materials Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fUXuMeBdYZJP

Corresponding Author
Bertha Maya Sopha

Institutions
Industrial Engineering Program, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM)

Abstract
Incompatible aid supplies, in which received aid items do not match with the need of the victims, appears to be one of persistent problems in relief operations. The mismatch can be argued due to that the need of aid supplies may vary over time and the nature of disaster creates different need of aid items which are not available in standard survival kit. The purpose of the present paper is therefore to empirically identify aid items that should be available in survival kits by considering time-after-disaster and the nature of disaster. A survey was conducted in Bantul and Sleman districts where earthquake with a magnitude of 6.5 Richter scale and volcanoes eruption have occurred respectively. A total of 120 respondents, consisting 65 respondents from Bantul district and 55 respondents from Sleman (Cangkringan), participated in the study. The respondents were asked to rate the urgency level of the aid items during the first and the second week after disaster. Results indicate the time after disaster, the nature of disaster, and the culture are found to be significant factors influencing the required items of the survival kit. Furthermore, the required aid items during the first week are significantly different than those during the second week after disaster. It is also worth mentioning that the type of disaster determines crucial specific aid items that should be provided in the survival kit.

Keywords
survival kit, aid items, earthquake, volcano eruption, survey

Topic
Industrial Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/u7AYUJk4faVH

Corresponding Author
Demarda Kalimanto

Institutions
Civil Engineering Department Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok 16424 Indonesia
*Correspondance author : sigit[at]eng.ui.ac.id

Abstract
Traffic movements in the city of Jakarta is linked to the Jakarta Outer Ring Road (JORR) Toll Road. This road network has a high traffic volume because it is integrated with other toll roads that connect between an other cities of Jakarta. The condition of roads heavy traffic volume in the event of road rehabilitations will cause travel obstacles starting from increasing travel time to the long delay in traffic flow at the window time. The travel delay caused losses to road users. Road management must make attention to the impact of the zone rehabilitation to losses time by road users, especially on toll roads. This study analysis the impact of changes in speed in the work zone with short, medium and long work areas. From these 3 types, it can be seen the costs by road users due to the travel time. Traffic surveys have been carried out on the Jakarta Outer Ring Road Toll Road (JORR) section S using the roadpod metrocount tool. This tool can calculate the decrease in speed along with the volume of traffic in the three locations of the work zone. Loss of road users due to travel delay is calculated from vehicle operating costs. The results of this study are known to increase vehicle operation costs by 20% to 40% due to a decrease in speed caused by work zone. The results of this study are expected to be make consideration of road operators in determining the time in choosing of rehabilitation by minimizing the losses of time from the road users.

Keywords
Road user cost; Work zone; Travel delay; Road rehabilitation

Topic
Civil Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7NQyX4FbgP3Z

Corresponding Author
Denny Jean Cross Sihombing

Institutions
a)Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU)
b)Darma Cendika Catholic University
c)Mercu Buana University Yogyakarta
*denny.sihombing[at]ukdc.ac.id

Abstract
In North Sumatra, there are many rice fields and rice milling factories (Rice Milling Units). Rice Milling Units (RMU) are still many who have not applied the prediction method for the sale of rice so that it can affect the availability of raw materials. The purpose of this research is forecasting product sales (rice) at RMU Sumber Tani Tebing Tinggi so that it can know the number of raw materials needed so that will avoid idle time. To obtain optimal forecasting, it will be compared 2 (two) forecasting method, Linear Regression and Artificial Neural network with Backpropagation algorithm. The results showed the value of MSE on linear regression method of 214, while at the time using Artificial Neural Network obtained MSE value of 0.00099713. Based on the value of the MSE, it is seen that the smallest MSE is forecasting by Artificial Neural Network method. The results of forecasting sales of rice starting from June 2017 to May 2018 (in tonnes) are 98, 82, 85, 85,123, 91, 95, 98, 84, 124, 101, 75

Keywords
Artificial Neural Network, Sales Forecasting, Backpropagation, Linear Regression

Topic
Computer Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6A3NzVrCpk8W

Corresponding Author
Hafzoh Batubara

Institutions
Industrial Engineering, Tanjungpura University, Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak, Indonesia
Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
Rumah Sakit Jogja is one government hospital located in the city of Yogyakarta. The index value of the service quality of the city of Yogyakarta that is below standard thus the need for improvement. Improvements focused on outpatient departtement because it has the highest percentage of patients. The selected object is Badan Pelayanan Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) service system because it has the biggest percentage of patient type at the outpatient department and has longest path. Lean methods used to make improvements to reduce the waste that exists. This research use few tools like Value Stream Mapping (VSM) for mapping BPJS service process, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) to search the critical problem, Fishbone diagram to search roots of FMEA problems, and simulation to see result of the improvement system. The FMEA show that queue is the most critical problem with Risk Priority Number (RPN) value 200. After that, the author created five improvement scenarios and found the best scenario is the fifth scenario with make all counter shift equal. Such scenarios may result in decreased activity of Non Value Added Activity (NVA) time by 31 seconds so we get used to the NVA time is 4 seconds.

Keywords
Lean Healthcare, Value Stream Mapping, Fishbone Diagram, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, Simulation

Topic
Industrial Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/E2wVpmQaNUru

Corresponding Author
Dwinanto Sukamto

Institutions
(1) INSA de Strasbourg, Laboratoire ICUBE, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
(2) Engineering faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Banten, Indonesia

Abstract
The hotbox machine at Climatherm laboratory was used for thermal test on the wall. This hotbox machine allows the measurement of different environmental variables. In this research, thermal performance tests were conducted on the wall imposing boundary condition vary the cavity distance between two wall elements and then these tests were performed in steady-state conditions. The wall prepared from aluminium composite and was maintaining controlling the temperature difference between the two chambers 20°C and the air debit constant. In the first part of this paper, a description of the hotbox machine, operation ranges and theoretical work principles of the hotbox are presented. Then, the second part shows the results for thermal test on the wall. The thermal test performed with the hotbox machine allow simulating environmental conditions accurately during in certain distance of cavity and in certain air debit. As a result, the configuration settings value at the hotbox machine have to correction to reach the temperature difference as planned. The temperature difference at beginning of the thermal tests on the wall is less than planed temperature difference. However, this correction value of temperature shows agreement result with the value 20°C in temperature different.

Keywords
Temperature different; the hotbox; thermal tests; the wall

Topic
Mechanical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/zHL4vcQ7hxjT

Corresponding Author
Irma Saraswati

Institutions
Departement of Electrical Enngineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of SUltan Ageng Tirtayasa Banten

Abstract
The high level of activity of internet users, which will have a negative impact on information providers. Requests from many users can cause performance capabilities on the web-server to decrease. The large number of requests results in crashes or overloads that have an impact on requests that cannot be served by a single server. Web balancing technology is needed so that the incoming request load is not only served by one server. Some scheduling algorithms that will be applied to web balancing testing in this study are round-robin and weight round-robin. In this study using ipvsadm as a means of making web balancing. This test aims to determine the performance of web servers when using web balancing technology by measuring the QoS parameters of web server services. The results show, the best value for measuring QoS parameters is responese time, request error, throughput, in the weight round-robin scheduling algorithm method.

Keywords
Web Balancing, ipvsadm, round-robin, weight round-robin

Topic
Computer Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/nPU3HLxKGTdq

Corresponding Author
Umar Fitra Ramadhan

Institutions
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru, Depok, 16424, Indonesia

Abstract
Indonesia, being a tropical country, has a high photovoltaic (PV) energy generation potential that can help meet demand due to impending shortage power supplies in the coming years. The shading effect is a negative effect that causes the Photovoltaic power output to drop from its normal state. The performance of Photovoltaic Panels (PV) is a shared module surface exposed to sunlight. Shading effects a result of the influence of clouds, but the influence of these clouds causes a lack of uniform illumination of sunlight received by the photovoltaic. This is condition called Partial Shaded. Partially shaded PV systems cannot operate at maximum efficiency because of shadows cast by surrounding structures, foliage and cloud cover. This paper describes an experiment on PV output for the irregularity of sun irradiation. Characteristics of I-V can be influenced by partial shading effect. The voltage and current of PV solar cells will drop from partial shading effect experiment which consists of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% shading area

Keywords
Photovoltaic; Partial Shading; Solar radiation; Power Output

Topic
Electrical Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/64CUnymZtVQR