Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Mimi Arifin

Institutions
1) Urban and Regional Planning, Engineering Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
2) Housing and Settlement Laboratorium, Engineering Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia

Abstract
It has become an international value, the importance of creating an inclusive, friendly, safe and comfortable city for everyone. This is the background of researching the level of inclusive residential real estate in Makassar City. Most of the functions of the area from a city area are settlements so if you want to measure the level of inclusiveness in a city, you can do it in residential areas in the city. The analytical method used is a combination of qualitative, quantitative and spatial. The results showed that of 272 residential real estates in the city of Makassar, 1% had a high level of inclusiveness, 11% had a moderate level of inclusiveness, and 88% had a low level of inclusiveness.

Keywords
City, Inclusive, Real Estate Housing

Topic
Urban & Transportation Sustainability

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/HLnKBYN9XQ4w

Corresponding Author
Muh Haidir Hakim

Institutions
a. Agribusiness Study Program at Postgraduate, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea, Jalan Printis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi
*email: Haidirhakim13[at]gmail.com
b. Departemen of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Animal Husbandry. Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea, Jalan Printis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi
c. Departemen of Managemen, Faculty of Economy and Business. Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea, Jalan Printis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi

Abstract
ABSTRACT Agribusiness of cattle is an activity that integrates the development of the agricultural sector simultaneously with the development of industrial sectors and related services in a group of cattle industry from upstream to downstream. This study aims to determine the increase in income of farmers through artificial insemination in agricultural businesses of cattle in the central district of Sinjai, Regency of Sinjai. There are 100 breeders determined on purpose, which consisted of 50 breeders of natural mating cattle and 50 breeders of artificial insemination cattle that were interviewed to be used as data sources. The data analysis uses the income formula and is descriptively explained and uses the artificial insemination efficiency formula. Based on the results obtained from the sale of both natural and artificial insemination cattle, a significant difference can be seen between the two, a natural mating cow can only be worth millions if it is one year old, while the cattle of IB only needs a matter of months to be valued in millions of rupees, it is due to differences in the acceleration of growth between natural mating and the results of the IB that result in income differences between breeders of natural mating and IB, IB breeders experience a significant increase in income compared to natural mating breeders. The majority of the cows sold by breeders in Central Sinjai are bulls, which is quite disturbing for breeders of natural breed cattle due to the fact that many begin to switch to IB when their cows are lustful but do not find bulls. IB is a solution for breeders who do not find bulls, IB is also considered more efficient because it can prevent inbreeding and lesions during mating and the average success rate is high because only once the injection of a cow has been pregnant And, more importantly, the resulting offspring are larger and faster growing and high selling prices.

Keywords
Increase in income, natural marriage, IB effectiveness

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/TdQWVnpLqH9f

Corresponding Author
Amanda Pricella Putri

Institutions
a. Agribusiness Department, Faculty of Agriculture. Hasanuddin University.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.
*email: alf.ardiansyah27[at]yahoo.com
b. Agrotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture. Hasanuddin University.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.
c. Management Department, Faculty of Economy and Business. Hasanuddin University.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.

Abstract
ABSTRACT The glutinous corn production in South Sulawesi needs an improvement in terms of economic aspect, therefore, the added value of the corn production is very important, in which the added value represents a commodity value addition because the commodity undergoes the processing, storage, packaging, and transportation processes in the production process. The research aimed at identifying the value chain related to the glutinous corn processing industry, and calculating the added value obtained by every value chain actor. The research used the qualitative and quantitative descriptive method. The value chain actors description was in line with Porters theory concerning the value chain. There were the main activity and supporting activities of the value chain actors. Samples were selected using the purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques, with the monitoring points starting from the industrial actors because the value chain info source could be found out from the home industry actors. The data were analyzed using the Microsoft excel to analyze the amount of expenditure, revenue, income, added value obtained from every value chain actor. The research result indicates that the industry which carries out the processing from the beginning obtains the higher added value ratio than the industry which does not carry out the processing from the beginning. It is expected that the processing industry carries out the glutinous corn production starting from the beginning stage of processing.

Keywords
Value chain, added value, glutinous corn

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AhFHM9m2eEb8

Corresponding Author
Yusran Yusran

Institutions
a) Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Hasanuddin
b) Department of Informatic Engineering, Universitas Hasanuddin
Jalan Poros Malino km 6, Bontomarannu, Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia
*yusran[at]unhas.ac.id, yusranibnu[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
The river currents is one of renewable energy types. It can be utilized for electrical generation. This study discusses about design and testing of initial prototype of power plants based on river currents prime mover. The working principle of this prototype is to convert kinetic energy from water current into electrical energy. The prototype testing were carried out at several variations of river currents velocity : 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 1.2 and 1.3 m/s. The testing at 1.3 m/s velocity produced 1300 rpm generator rotational speed, 0.22 A of electrical current and 14.6 V electrical output voltage.

Keywords
: initial prototype, hydro power plant, river currents, prime mover, electrical power

Topic
Renewable Energy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/GRnmJWcuHCh6

Corresponding Author
Riskiyani -

Institutions
(a) Agribusiness Study Program at Postgraduate, Hasanuddin University
*riskiyani02[at]gmail.com
(b) Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University
(c) Department of Agri-Food, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University
Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10 Makassar, Indonesia.

Abstract
Seaweed is one of the leading commodities that has enormous potential supported by sea area of 5.8 million km2 with a total area of seaweed cultivation reaching 1.110.900 ha (LIPI, 2009). South Sulawesi Province became the main center of seaweed in Indonesia with the largest contribution (29%) in 2016, one of which was in the Takalar Regency. One type of kelp cultured in ponds is Glacilaria sp. Seaweed production is a strategic step at the level of crop development as it involves a high workload, a simple growing technology, a relatively short planting time of about 45 days (fast yield) and relatively cheap production costs. The growing demand for seaweed from year to year does not follow rising production volumes and fluctuating prices. The purpose of this research is to determine the description of the agrifood subsystem and to determine the productivity of the seaweed company Glacilaria sp. in the regency of Takalar. The design of the research uses qualitative and quantitative types. The number of samples used was 63 people. The method used is observation, interviews and questionnaires. The results of this research are a general description of the agri-food subsystem of seaweed, namely that the seizure process begins at the stage of land supply, facilities and infrastructure, nurseries and maintenance up to the stage of development. exit from harvesting, drying and selling processes. The results of the formulation of productivity, is the use of production, must be lower than the results obtained in terms of inputs, so that the income of fishermen exploiting seaweed Glacilaria sp. can increasing.

Keywords
Seaweed Gracilaria sp. , agro-industrial subsystems, productivity

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Xh3ecuNRyVpm

Corresponding Author
Amanda Pricella Putri

Institutions
a. Environmental Management Study Program. Graduate School of Hasanuddin University
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi
*email :ransipasae[at]gmail.com
b. Chemistry Department. Faculty of Mathematics and Science of Hasanuddin University.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.
c. Biology Department. Faculty of Mathematics and Science of Hasanuddin University.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.

Abstract
Abstract The seaweed processing industry uses potassium hydroxide (KOH) in the process of cooking seaweed, while the galvanized industry uses hydrogen chloride (HCl) in the pickling process. Wastewater from both types of industry can cause environmental pollution if it is not managed properly. This study aims to utilize wastewater from the seaweed processing industry and the galvanized industry to produce KCl liquid fertilizer as one of the environmental management efforts while providing economic value for waste. Quality of wastewater from the seaweed processing industry, wastewater from the galvanized industry, KCl liquid fertilizer and heavy metals content in fertilizers was analyzed through experimental testing using the SNI and AOAC method. The results showed that wastewater from seaweed processing industry can be used together with wastewater from the galvanized industry to produce KCl liquid fertilizer that fulfills the requirements of SNI 02-2805: 2005 and Peraturan Menteri Pertanian No. 43/Permentan/SR.140/8/2011. Potassium content as K2O from KCl liquid fertilizer produced ranged from 727 - 16443 ppm, where the value is higher than the standard according to SNI 02-2805: 2005 of 600 ppm. The content of heavy metals in the liquid fertilizer produced also fulfills the requirements of the Peraturan Menteri Pertanian No. 43/Permentan/SR.140/8/2011. The range of the contents of heavy metals contained in liquid fertilizer, sequently, As, Hg, Cd, and Pb are 0.0032 - 0.034 ppm, 0 - 0.0007 ppm, 0.0064 - 0.0546 ppm, and 0.0006 - 0.3497 ppm, where the values this is lower than the standard according to Peraturan Menteri Pertanian No. 43/Permentan/SR.140/8/2011 that is As (max 100 ppm), Hg (max 10 ppm), Cd (max 100 ppm), and Pb (max 500 ppm).

Keywords
wastewater of seaweed processing industry, wastewater galvanized industry, KCl liquid fertilizer, heavy metals.

Topic
Waste to Energy Potential Resources

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/auNDvfrHYdgh

Corresponding Author
Akhmad Mustafa

Institutions
a Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Maros, Indonesia
* E-mail: akhmadmustafa[at]yahoo.com

b University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia

Abstract
Non-shrimp commodities diversification is an alternative for increasing aquaculture production, including brackishwater ponds in Bontoa Subdistrict, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine land characteristics in an effort to determine land suitability for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in ponds at different seasons. Factors considered in determining land characteristics and suitability are: topography and tide, soil quality, water quality, and climate. Spatial analysis in Geographic Information Systems are used in determining land suitability for tilapia in ponds. The results showed that land of ponds in Bontoa Subdistrict has a slope of less than 2%, a tide of 1.38 m, dominated by acid sulfate soil, low water salinity in rainy season and relatively high of salinity in dry season with rainfall reaches 3,531 mm/year. In rainy season, from 3,072.6 ha of ponds in Bontoa Subdistrict, 252.2 ha classified as highly suitable (S1 class) and 2,820.4 ha is moderately suitable (S2 class) for tilapia, while in dry season which is moderately suitable (S2 class) area of 2,207.9 ha and classified as not suitable (N class) area of 864.7 ha. High water salinity in dry season in Bontoa Subdistrict is main limiting factor for tilapia in ponds.

Keywords
characteristic, land suitability, brackishwater ponds, Oreochromis niloticus, Maros Regency

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/HBXLzA64Pmw7

Corresponding Author
Amanda Pricella Putri

Institutions
a. Environmental Management Study Program. Graduate School of Hasanuddin University.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.
*email : aurapurify[at]gmail.com, aurapurify[at]pasca.unhas.ac.id)
b. Marine Science Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries. Hasanuddin University
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.
c. Forestry Department, Faculty of Forestry. Hasanuddin University.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.
d. Research and Development Center for Marine, Coastal and Small Islands of Hasanuddin University.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.

Abstract
Abstract Waterbirds are significant species in coastal wetland ecosystem. Hence, the increase and development of human population and activity has triggered more and more lost, decreased, or converted coastal wetlands. This in turn would affect the availability of water birds habitat. Therefore, this research aims to study the dynamics of land use for 11 years in the north coastal area of Makassar City, Bira and Untia Districts, where in both of the districts significant amount of mangrove wetlands are still exist. Landsat imageries of the area from 2007, 2013 and 2018 were used in this study. The types of land use were classified using Supervised Classivication in ArcGIS 10.5. Comparison of land use conversion expands were calculated using Attribute table. The result of the analysis shows that the most dominant land use change that occurred during the last 11 years was the increase of residential and built up land, from an area of 80 ha in 2007, to 201 ha in 2018, or increased 151.3% from the initial.

Keywords
Land Use Dynamics, Landsat, Waterbirds.

Topic
Urban & Transportation Sustainability

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8LHgKvJV364F

Corresponding Author
IHSAN LATIEF

Institutions
Urban and Regional Planning Department, Engineering Faculty, Hasanuddin University

Abstract
This study uses a library approach and field research. The library approach is carried out by reading theories related to land values from the literature study and used to obtain secondary data. Meanwhile, field research was carried out by observation to find out and document land use in the city of Makassar. The analytical method used is descriptive quantitative and qualitative to describe the land value of the distance between Makassar City and land use. Besides, spatial analysis is also used to interpret the land value of Makassar City based on the Bid-Rent Curve in the form of maps of distance and land use. Moreover, correlation analysis is used to determine the relationship between distance and land use to land value. The results of the study through the analysis stages above show the value of land in the Makassar City is influenced by distance, where the closer to the city center the higher the land value and the farther from the city center, the lower the land value. Also, land use also affects the land value of Makassar City, wherein this study, the most critical land use is commercial land. This shows that there are conditions in accordance with the theory of Rent-Bid Curve.

Keywords
Rent-Bid Curve, Land Value, Makassar City

Topic
Urban & Transportation Sustainability

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/d7bEYX6tLwWJ

Corresponding Author
Welly Waworundeng

Institutions
(a) Faculty of Animal Husbandry Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado
(b) Faculty of Social and Politic Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado
*nansisanta[at]unsrat.ac.id

Abstract
This study aims to analyze the development of livestock farming in North Sulawesi Province, especially the border areas. This research was conducted using a survey method in the border areas in North Sulawesi Province, namely the Sangihe Islands, Talaud, Siau Tagulandang and Biaro. The data are then analyzed descriptively about the the number and types of livestock farms managed by the community, and market opportunities for livestock products. The results showed that livestock farming is very likely to be developed in the border area. All traditional markets in the area sell animal husbandry products in the form of meat and eggs from the city of Manado. The existence of livestock farming is still lacking, so the Regional Government needs to program animal husbandry development through development policies in the area.

Keywords
border area, development, livestock,

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/PveXpf84HRFJ

Corresponding Author
Amanda Pricella Putri

Institutions
a. Perencanaan Pengembangan Wilayah, Universitas Hasanuddin
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan
*Email: ramlanjamal[at]yahoo.com

b. Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Pesisir Terpadu, Universitas Hasanuddin
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan

Abstract
Abstract The major threats of coral reefs are anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic factors. The aim of research is to determine the threat level and formulate a strategy to manage coral reefs. The methods used are lyzenga, the analysis threat status, the analysis of hierarchy process and the interpretation of management strategic. Threat assessment was based on experts view obtained through the questionnaire. The result of the research indicate that the low threat level of coral reefs is 225,84 ha (66,3%) dan the moderate threat level is 114,58 ha (33,7%). The result of modelling for the next 20 years indicates that the low threat is 84,03 ha (24,69%), the moderate threat is 238,49 ha (70,06%,) and the high threat 17,88 ha (5,25%). The management Strategies used are watershed conservation, harbour management, the prevention of destructive fishing practice, integrated and sustainable marine tourism management, revitalization coastal settlement and the control of population growth, and adaptive management for coral reef related to global warming Keywords: threat, strategic planning, coral reef

Keywords
threat, strategic planning, coral reef

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9c84epLZ3kwy

Corresponding Author
Husnul Hatima

Institutions
1 Lecturer in the Postgraduate Agribusiness Study Program, Hasanuddin University
2Postgraduate Agribusiness Study Program Students, Hasanuddin University

Abstract
The agricultural sector is one sector that has an important role in agricultural development in Indonesia. Agricultural development in Indonesia is seen as important from the overall development, because of the large natural resource potential Corn commodity is one of the agricultural sectors that has the potential in regional economic development. This study aims to determine the shape of the corn marketing channel. The study was conducted in Bulukumba Regency. Data collected through observation and interviews with respondents of corn farmers, traders and large traders. The results showed the marketing channel was efficient because there was a one marketing channel for corn commodity. (Farmers to district traders to large traders).

Keywords
Corn, Marketing, Efficient

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9YgLkQAfPdU4

Corresponding Author
Fadhilah Trya Wulandari

Institutions
a) Jurusan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, Pasca Sarjana, Universitas Hasanuddin
*belopa1990[at]gmail.com
b)Bagian Kimia Analitik, Fakultas Matematika Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Hasanuddin
*nunungl[at]yahoo.com
c)Bagian Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan, Universitas Hasanuddin
*mahat70[at]gmail.com

Abstract
The Distribution of Hg, Pb and Cu Metals in Sediment along the Katoi and Lasusua Beaches of North Kolaka. This study aims to determine the concentration of Hg, Pb and Cu metals in sediments found on the coast of Katoi, and Lasusua and the relationship between Hg, Pb and Cu Metals with Sediment Size in the Waters of North Kolaka Regency. The design of this study is descriptive quantitative research and used more analysis. This research was carried out on the coast of Simbula, Katoi, Lanipa-nipa, Lasusua and Lambai. North Kolaka Regency. Southeast Sulawesi Province, in November 2016 until May 2017. Primary retrieval was obtained from experimental with quantitative approaches and marine sediment analysis results, Secondary data were obtained from literature in the form of text books, official documents, previous research, scientific journals that based on research objectives. The results showed Hg levels in sediments ranged from 0.14 - 1.00 mg/Kg with an average of 0.61 mg/Kg exceeding the threshold. Pb levels in the sediment ranged from 13.73 - 22.96 mg/Kg with a mean 19.43 mg/Kg is still below the threshold, Cu content in sediments ranges from 10.69 - 24.20 mg/Kg with an average of 18.74 mg/Kg still below the threshold according to the provisions of the 2003 Consensus Based Sediment Guidelines. Sediment Classification Results Based on Grain Size (mm) with heavy metal concentrations Hg, Pb and Cu in North Kolaka waters increasing with increasing particle size due to particles size 250-1000 μm forming agglomerates (agglomerates).

Keywords
Sediments, Hg,Pb, Cu, Heavy Metal Concentration

Topic
Health and Risk

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yFCgG3PbL8Ue

Corresponding Author
PETRUS SOCRATES TUTUROP

Institutions
Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Estuary is a coastal waters where the river mouth meets the sea and where fresh water mixes with salt water from the sea. Estuary forms a transition zone between the river environment and the marine environment. The mix of seawater with fresh water makes the estuary region unique, with the formation of brackish water with fluctuating salinity. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of salinity and temperature as well as the relationship of the effect of temperature on salinity in the Muara River area during the highs and lows conditions. Data retrieval is done in the Jeneberang River Estuary area with a distance between 200m points using the ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) and CTD (Conductivity Temperature Depth). The pattern of spreading salinity and temperature is described using the ArcGis 10.3 program. The results showed an increase in salinity found in the Jeneberang estuary area during tidal conditions and receding conditions, as well as the closeness of the relationship between temperature and salinity which showed a directly proportional result. Based on water clarification, the Mueberang River estuary area can be categorized as brackish water.

Keywords
Jeneberang River, Salinity, Temperature.

Topic
Climate Change

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fbgGJKrcQyCj

Corresponding Author
Hamja Abdul Halik

Institutions
a) Student Doctoral Program in the Postgraduate School of Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia &Lecturer Faculty of Agriculture, Andi Djemma University, Palopo, Indonesia *hamjarisda[at]gmail.com
b)Department of Agricultural Socio-Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
c)Department of Fisheries Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
The livelihood strategy is fundamental in the lives of residents, including Torani fishermen as an effort to survive or improve their standard of living. The sustainability of the Torani fishermens livelihood pattern is related to the social formation in the mode of production (production power and production relations) that takes place. This research aims to analyze the relationship between the mode of production with a livelihood strategy that is carried out for the sustainability of Torani fishermen in Takalar district. This research develops a Pospositivistic paradigm of descriptive research through a qualitative method using a case study design. Data was collected and analyzed according to the instructions of qualitative research through three stages of activities, namely 1). Data reduction 2). Data exposure and 3). Conclusion and verification. The results of the study indicate that the mode of production that takes place in the torani fishing community is the capitalist mode of production and the non-capitalist mode of production, where the capitalist mode of production dominates the non-capitalist mode of production. The two modes of production provide different income results and become the basis for making a choice of livelihood strategies. Some choices of livelihood strategies that have been carried out are survival strategies, consolidation strategies, accumulation strategies and diversification strategy

Keywords
Mode of production, sustainabiity, Torani fishermens

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6DkpAuvjz9hm

Corresponding Author
Ulva Ria Irfan

Institutions
¹Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Gowa 92119, Indonesia
E-mail: ulvairfan[at]yahoo.com; E-mail: hendrapachri[at]gmail.com

²Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bosowa University, Makassar 90231, Indonesia
E-mail: andhis1971[at]yahoo.com

³Geology Engineering Magister Study Program, Department of Geological Engineering, Postgraduate Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Gowa 92119, Indonesia
E-mail: hasri_asho82[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
Exploration of mineral resources requires support from geophysical methods to describe the subsurface conditions of an area identified as containing potential minerals. Inaccuracies in the application of methods in geophysics can result in losses caused by the calculation of reserves from deposit models that are less precise. This research aims to optimize the performance of iron ore exploration methods that integrate the geoelectrical with the geomagnetic method. The study was conducted in the Ogololo Sub-District, Sojol District, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi. In this area, exploration has been carried out the geoelectrical method which results in overlapping values between the host rock granodiorite with iron ore respectively 685.7 - 7671.1Ωm and 170 - 1146Ωm. Simulation of the geoelectrical method with two-line and geomagnetic by making a test pit to optimize the interpretation of the results of the two methods. Simulation results obtained the resistivity value of gabbro (2790.1- 13098.2Ωm), granite (685.7 - 7671.1Ωm), diorite (374.2 Ωm. - 5291.8Ωm), hematite (745.4 - 140303.9Ωm) and magnetite (170 - 5807.2Ωm). Positive and negative double anomaly patterns were obtained from geomagnetic simulation results. Validation of the simulation results was carried out on a five-line measurement and analysis of iron ore levels using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method. The measurement results obtained by one line that contained iron ore with a resistivity of 600 - 8938.7Ωm and geomagnetic result show multiple anomalies patterns ranging from -650nT to +1700nT, and iron ore content of 61.09 - 97.12%.

Keywords
Optimization; Iron Ore; Geomagnetic; Geoelectrical; Anomaly Pattern

Topic
Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MXxczFC9h2qa

Corresponding Author
Muthia Elma

Institutions
1 Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, 70714, Indonesia
2 Materials and Membranes Research Group (M2ReG), Lambung Mangkurat University, Jl. A. Yani KM 36, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan 70714, Indonesia

Abstract
Pervaporation process is currently applied for brine water desalination. This high water salt content may impacts to the environmental if it is not treated well. This paper demonstrates the performance of organo-silica membrane to produce potable water treated from brine water. Organo-silica membrane was employed by applying sol gel process for 3 hours using tetra orthosilicate (TEOS) as main precursor as well as dual catalyzed (organo catalyst/citric acid) and base (ammonia) on reflux temperature of 0 ℃. The molar ratios were 1:38:0.0007:5:003 for TEOS:EtOH:Citric Acid:H2O:NH3. The citric acid was chosen as carbon source to increase the carbon chains in the silica matrices. It was found that the water flux was increased as the feed temperature also increased from 40℃. Organo-silica membrane was tested in various artificial brine water (7.5-15 wt% NaCl) operated at 40 and 60 ℃ as feed temperatures with the water flux from 1.27 to 1.55 kg.m2.h-1with excellent salt rejection of >90%.

Keywords
TEOS, organo-silica membranes , water flux, salt rejection, brine water pervaporatiom

Topic
Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/zqMpXfWceJPL

Corresponding Author
Meutia Farida

Institutions
a) Geological Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty Hasanuddin University, Gowa 92171, Indonesia
b) Indonesia Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics, Jakarta Pusat 10720, Indonesia
*) meutia.nugraha[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Abstract. The Walanae Formation is the youngest sedimentary rock that formed a mountainous area along the Walanae river valley. It is very interesting and challenging to prove that Walanae depression developed from the Late Miocene to the Late Pliocene. This area gradually became a marine environment and how the climatic conditions at that time were particularly on the Salo Mario section. Soppeng Regency. Measuring section on Salo Mario obtained 32 layers, consists of interbedded claystone, sandstone and conglomerate on the upper part of the outcrop. Samples from the layers are then made into smear slides and dried using a UV lamp and the preparations were analyzed under a microscope at a magnification of 1000x. The result of laboratory observations, nannofossil is only found in 11 layers consisting of coccolith and Discoaster. The nannofossils were determined namely Discoaster asymmetricus Gartner, Discoaster berggrenii Bukry, Discoaster bollii Martini and Bramlette, Discoaster brouweri Tan Sin Hok, Discoaster calcaris Gartner, Discoaster deflandrei Bramlette and Riedel, Discoaster neohamatus Bukry and Bramlette, Discoaster pentaradiatus Tan Sin Hok, Discoaster pseudovariabilis Martini and Worsley, Discoaster surculus Martini and Bramlette, Discoaster tamalis Kamptner, Discoaster triradiatus Tan Sin Hok, and Discoaster variabilis Martini and Bramlette. The occurence of Discoster indicates the warming of the lower photic zone caused by the weakening of upwelling.

Keywords
Discoaster, Lower photic zone, Measuring section, Nannofossil, Walanae depression.

Topic
Climate Change

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/th7ZBwpRFYrE

Corresponding Author
Rudy Immanuel Pundising

Institutions
Rudy Immanuel Pundising (a), Laode Asrul (b), Mahyuddin (c)
a. Department of Agribusiness, Graduate School Of Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar,
South Sulawesi.
*email : rudypundising83[at]gmail.com
b. Department of Agronomy. Faculty of Agriculture. Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar,
South Sulawesi.
c. Social-Economy of Agriculture Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture.
Hasanuddin University. Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar,
South Sulawesi.

Abstract
PENGARUH COMBINE HARVESTER TERHADAP SOSIAL EKONOMI PETANI PADI SAWAH DI KABUPATEN GOWA Laode Asrul1, Mahyuddin1, Rudy Immanuel Pundising2, 1Dosen Program studi Agribisinis Pasca Sarjana Universitas Hasanuddin 2Mahasiswa Program Studi Agribisnis Pasca Sarjana Universitas Hasanuddin 081355954727, rudypundising83@gmail.com Combine hasvester is a rice harvesting machine technology that was originally developed in South Korea and Japan. Combine hasvester basically as a rice harvester machine that helps farmers in harvesting rice. This technology is very helpful in terms of labor, time, harvest costs and harvesting speed. Increased rice production in the province of South Sulawesi is not only intended to meet regional needs, but it is expected that this increase can contribute to an increase in national rice production. In Gowa Regency, that agricultural equipment and machinery (combine harvester) has been applied to farmers to assist farmers in conducting their farming business, rice production has also begun to increase. With the empowerment of farmers, especially in the application of the combine harvester, the farmers become empowered and have knowledge, so that the sustainability of increased production can be realized. Of course, the production will also have a positive impact on the economy of farmer households that can continue to run well in accordance with the wheels of the daily economy and meet the needs of farmers household lives.

Keywords
Increase in income, rice, effectiveness of combine harvester

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/t76nBYNUZDrP

Corresponding Author
Fadhilah Trya Wulandari

Institutions
a) Jurusan Gender dan Pembangunan, Universitas Hasanuddin
*lukmangenderpasca[at]gmail.com
**rabina_yunus[at]yahoo.co.id
***radjabmansyur[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Political parties, especially those expected to be able to privide opportunities for women to be able to engage in politics and improve the quality of women in political parties. This study aimed to analyze the policy of every political in recruiting the women legislative members in the election 2014 – 2019 in Bantaeng Regency. The research was qualitative descriptive study. The informants were chosen using the purposive sampling technique. The data were collected using in-depth interviews, observation, and document reviews, and the analyzed using the technique of descriptive analysis with a qualitative model approach, i.e data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion/verification. The study results indicated that the policy on each political party in recruiting the female legislative candidates was based on Law Number 2 of 2008, which stated that the Political Parties (Parpol) which participated in the Election Must Nominated 30% of the Female Candidates in the permanent list of their legislative candidatess; besides, each political party should have their own recruitment of their legislative members. The could be seen in some stages and steps in teh recruitment on the legislative candidates by the political parties. This could be started with the socialization of the prospective candidates regristation, administrative selection, interviewing test, then the legislative candidate winning body (Bappilu) was determined of the legislative candidates. As for the grants of the serial numbers for the legislative candidates, each political party would give the priority to the partys candres who were recomended by the general chair of the political party as well as the Election Winning Body (Bappilu). Finally, the determined candidates were registered to the General Election Commission (KPU) of Bantaeng Regency to be given the serial numbers are as the candidates of the legislative members.

Keywords
Political Party Policy, candidates recruitment of legislative members, women.

Topic
Urban & Transportation Sustainability

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CUB6NdubvfEh

Corresponding Author
Fadhilah Trya Wulandari

Institutions
a) Program Studi Agribisnis, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar, *ishakwahyudi24[at]gmail.com
b) Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar
**didi_rukmana[at]yahoo.com
c) Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar
***mahyuddinr[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
The preparation of the 2015-2035 National Industrial Development Master Plan (RIPIN) through Government Rugulation Number 14 Year 2015 is intended to carry out the mandate of the provisions of Article 9 of Act Number 3 of 2014 concerning Industry and also emphasize the governments seriousness in realizing the objectives of industrial administration, strengthening and clarifying roles government in national industrial development. With the existence of these national regulations, this study discusses to analyze the potential and strategy of developing the cocoa processing industry in South Sulawesi Province as one of the national industrial development goals from aspects of industrial development strategies, determine the location of industrial development, determine the scale of industrial development and development of superior industrial product development. Informants were selected purposively, data processing using descriptive qualitative analysis method in describing regional potential, SWOT analysis for industrial development strategies, and Likert scale approach (ordinal) for location analysis of AHP method development, industrial development scale analysis using CPI analysis and analysis industry leading product development using MPE. The results showed that South Sulawesi Province has the potential to develop the cocoa processing industry supported by the availability of industrial raw materials, the availability of production land, commodities that contribute to the improvement of the regions economy and employment providers. The results of the industry development strategy analysis SWOT method obtained a development strategy in turnaround strategy, in the analysis of the choice of industrial development location shows Luwu District as the location of the first recommendation, on the scale of industrial development analysis recommended industrial development on a large scale, and on the analysis of superior products the most appropriate industrial development currently developed is on industrial intermediate (grinding) products. This study concluded that South Sulawesi Province as one of the national cocoa production centers has potential in the development of the cocoa processing industry by implementing research recommended strategies.

Keywords
Regional potential, Cocoa industry development strategy, SWOT, AHP, CPI and MPE

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8VKr92kPCfcY

Corresponding Author
St. Aisyah R -

Institutions
a) Graduate Student, Department of Agriculture Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
*st.aisyah[at]unismuh.ac.id
b) Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
c) Department of Socio-Economic, Faculty of Livestock, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia

Abstract
The dairy cattle business in Enrekang Regency not only produces the main products of fresh milk which are processed into Dangke (typical food of Enrekang Regency) but also are able to produce by-products in the form of alternative energy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the potential of renewable energy with the use of biogas on peoples dairy farms. The study was conducted in Cendana District, Enrekang Regency in May 2018 to April 2019. Data were collected by observation, interviews, and documentation with dairy farmers using purposive sampling method and analyzed using quantitative descriptive. The results show that feces production potential over the past two years from 804 dairy cows can produce 20.100 kg. Thus, the biogas produced is 1,608 m3/day, considering that one cow can produce biogas at 2 m3/day and 1 m3 of biogas can be used equivalent to 0.62 liters of kerosene and 0.46 liters of LPG gas. Besides that, the potential of biogas energy can meet the cooking needs of one family (4-5 people) for 536 hours or 22 days, considering that the energy contained in one m3 biogas is 2,000-4,000 Kcal or equivalent to 3 hours. Biogas technology has provided many benefits including improving the health of the farmers family, used to process cows milk into Dangke and save on purchasing LPG gas so that it can provide additional income for farmers, even though the resulting value is not large enough, but with a reduction in costs households issued each month.

Keywords
biogas; small scale dairy farm; renewable energy

Topic
Social and Economy Framework of Energy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/KRXvMdg9rQnA

Corresponding Author
Joice Manga

Institutions
1) Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang
2) Department of Chemistry, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Utilization of by-products from the cooking oil industry, such as palm oil fatty acid distillates (PFAD) can reduce the cost of producing ethyl ester/biodiesel. This PFAD is processed into biodiesel using solid SO₄²ˉ/TiO₂-SiO₂ catalyst and ethanol reagent. The central composite design in Response Surface Methodology is applied in optimizing the effect of process variables such as the amount of catalyst, the molar ratio between ethanol / PFAD and reaction time. The results of the study recorded that the best-operating conditions with 98.89% ethyl ester conversion were achieved with a catalyst amount of 5% w, a molar ratio of 13 in a reaction time of 2.25 hours. The presence of SO₄²ˉ/TiO₂-SiO₂ catalyst components can be characterized using SEM-EDX. A functional group showing the presence of ethyl ester in biodiesel products has been identified using FTIR. Ethyl ester properties related to biodiesel properties can be shown as saponification value: 583.8446 mg/g, iodine value: 8.8714 mg/g and cetane value: 53.4.

Keywords
Biodiesel, Ethyl ester, Palm fatty acid distillate, Response surface methodology

Topic
Renewable Energy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xXrBnhPLWHKC

Corresponding Author
Aulia Nurul Hikmah

Institutions
a. Department of Agribusiness, Graduate School Of Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar,
South Sulawesi.
*email : Aulianurulhikmah[at]gmail.com
b. Department of Agronomy. Faculty of Agriculture. Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar,
South Sulawesi.
c. Social-Economy of Agriculture Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture.
Hasanuddin University. Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar,
South Sulawesi.

Abstract
Rice is a staple food for most of the population in Maros. Therefore, Maros is one of the rice producer regions in South Sulawesi. However, nowadays Maros experienced an intensive conversion of agricultural land to infrastructure development that leads to a decrease in rice production and affects food security in the future. To ensure that rice production in Maros can increase in the coming year, forecasting is needed for the next few years. This research aimed to describe the development of rice production in Maros from 2001 to 2022. The data used in this research were secondary data between 2001 and 2017 from Maros statistics. This research was a descriptive qualitative and quantitative research using Microsoft Office Excel and Minitab 17. The results showed that the development of rice production in Maros fluctuated and tended to increase every year. Based on the projection result, the rice production will have a surplus from 2020 to 2022 if the harvested area and productivity could increase.

Keywords
Rice, Production, Projection

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JVyc98PCaXfv

Corresponding Author
Pugar Septia Girdayanto

Institutions
a) Graduate School Hasanuddin University, Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Km 10, Tamalanrea. Graduate School Building, Makassar, 90245. South Sulawesi, Indonesia
b) Graduate School Hasanuddin University, Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Km 10, Tamalanrea. Graduate School Building, Makassar, 90245. South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract
After established as the Capital of Kepulauan Seribu Regency in 2003, Pramuka Island became one of the most populous small islands with rapid population growth and increasing tourism visit every year. However, it contributes to the high consumption of groundwater reserve as the main freshwater resources in Pramuka Island. Furthermore, the rainwater catchment area also decreases over the year as growing population trigger the conversion of the open area into building, concrete pavement, and asphalt road. Therefore, rainfall infiltration is blocked and the natural recovery process of groundwater reserve is terminated. As a result, unbalanced freshwater supply and demand have taken place for years because the main natural supply of freshwater in Pramuka Island are only groundwater and rainwater. Moreover, according to the research which was conducted by Cahyadi 2013, natural freshwater carrying capacity in Pramuka island has been overshot since there was no freshwater found in aquifer layer of Pramuka Island in the dry season. Consequently, Rain Water Harvesting is selected to fulfill freshwater supply in Pramuka Island since another option such as seawater desalination installation system is not feasible economically. Rain Water Harvesting is expected to improve freshwater resources carrying capacity in Pramuka Island by providing sufficient freshwater supply from rainwater. The forecast of Rain Water Harvesting Implementation in Pramuka Island for the next 30 years shows that the system can increase freshwater resources carrying capacity in Pramuka Island into 1,22. The estimated maximum supply of freshwater that could be provided by rainwater harvesting for the next 30 years would be applied as a recommendation in development plan and policy to limit tourism visit to ensure the sustainability of freshwater resource for inhabitants and ecosystem in Pramuka Island

Keywords
Carrying Capacity, Rain Water Harvesting, Small Island

Topic
Renewable Energy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/He4bT6qfF2jt

Corresponding Author
Sri Aliah Ekawati

Institutions
Laboratorium Waterfront City Development, Department of Urban Design and Planning
Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Connectivity is considered as a node which facilitates displacement from one place to another. Linkage becomes a basic system to arrange moving pattern in spatial planning, including coastal area planning, so that the movement become safe and comfortable. This paper is written to provide a knowledge base related to connectivity of moving system in coastal area of Makassar City which is dominated by tourism spots. Spatial analysis is used to identify pictures about linkage system in coastal area of Makassar City. Furthermore, comparison analysis between ideal and existing condition is needed to redefine connectivity systems in coastal area. Finally, this study found that Makassar people still depend on private vehicles. In addition, most of pedestrian ways are not integrated with public transportation lines.

Keywords
connectivity, linkage, coastal area, Makassar City

Topic
Urban & Transportation Sustainability

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3pKjAX6WhNmb

Corresponding Author
Amanda Pricella Putri

Institutions
a. Regional Planning and Management / Youth Leadership Management. Graduate School of Hasanuddin University.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.
*email: anggapratama155[at]gmail.com
b. Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.

Abstract
Abstract The low quality of youth resources, the lack of optimal coordination between youth organizations and youth empowerment in Soppeng District so that researchers are interested in conducting more in-depth studies. This study aims to analyze strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the implementation of youth empowerment programs and formulate strategies for implementing the Soppeng District Youth and Sports Service Youth Empowerment Program. This study uses the SWOT-AHP method with the descriptive translation then tabulated so as to give birth to a choice of strategies that are a priority or more important. The results of the study found that the strength (S), weakness (W), opportunity (O) and threat (T) groups in the four groups were higher (S) with a value of 0.4958 compared to weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, for threats with the lowest value is 0.0719. The global priority of 16 statements from each strength (S), weakness (W), opportunity (O) and threat (T), the highest value is a 0.5300 statement of weakness (W1) while the lowest value is a threat (T4) 0.0609. The priority groups that are the focus of strengthening the Soppeng District Dispora include the highest value SWOT group (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) while the factors that have the highest common values are (Weakness, Opportunity, Threat and Strength). The implementation of the youth empowerment program strategy in Soppeng Regency run by Dispora is inseparable from the influence of various aspects, both from strength and weakness (internal) and Opportunities and Threats (external). But the choice of the right strategy for Dispora or things that need to be strengthened from the four strategies ST1, ST2, ST3 and ST4, namely ST1 (S-O). Awaken young people about the importance of empowerment can be carried out through seminars and provide training on the importance of empowerment, but the youth as objects and subjects must be aware of themselves that the future will be a legacy for them as a youth, especially youth in Soppeng Regency.

Keywords
Strategy, SWOT-AHP, Youth Empowerment, Soppeng District

Topic
Social and Economy Framework of Energy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/mvpt8fWGZxqU

Corresponding Author
Mutemainna Karim

Institutions
(a) Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University,
Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia
(*) darsalman_1963[at]gmail.com
(b) Doctoral Program Students of Agricultural Science Postgraduate School Hasanuddin University/
Departemen of Fish Processing Technology Balikdiwa High School Technology Maritime of Makassar,
Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia
E-mail : mutmut.karim.muanzir[at]gmail.com
c)Lecturer Food Science Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University,
Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia

Abstract
The institutional sustainability of SMEs is determined by the ability of institutions to build an input-process-output relationship and the contingency power of the environment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between institutional sustainability and the sustainability of production. Data collection was carried out by field observations, in-depth interviews and documentation and data were analyzed using a case descriptive technique. The results of the study show that SMEs of fish processing unit that can operate sustainably is only 38 percent. Institutional Sustainability of SMEs of fish processing unit can be seen from its ability to provide input systems with continuous in quality and quantity; carry out the production process in accordance with the principles of GMP and SSOP dynamically and continuously; the ability to build a product marketing system through extensive network and marketing cooperation; and maintain contingency with the mandate environment; both suppliers, customers and competitors. The contingency power with the political and economic environment supporting the institutional sustainability of SMEs.

Keywords
SMEs, institutional sustainability, input-process-output

Topic
Social and Economy Framework of Energy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8mztYqFWuh2N

Corresponding Author
Fadhilah Trya Wulandari

Institutions
a) Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, Universitas Hasanuddin
*jenitatandiarrang[at]gmail.com
**kahar_mustari[at]yahoo.com
***nursiahlanafie[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Tackling mine acid water has been carried out chemically and physically so it is not efficient because it can cause new pollutants therefore, biologically the AAT prevention can use the bioremediation technique using sulfate reducing bacteria (BPS) which contains abundanthis research was aimed to analyze out the ability of mangrove sediment in water waste neutralization of acid mine, to analyze out the optimum Power of Hydrogen were produced by the mangrove sediment in water waste neutralization of acid mine, to find out the reduction of sulphate degree, heavy metal manganese and iron produced, to analyze out the texture of the best mangrove sediment in water waste neutralization.The sample of water of acid mine was taken from PT. Pasir Walanae, Lamuru Bone, mangrove sediment was taken from destination touristic of tongke-tongke sinjai. This research used analysis with descriptive method such as collecting the data field, sampling and trial at the laboratory.The finding of this research showed that the mangrove sediment was able to increasing the Power of Hydrogen and decreasing the sulphate degree, able to increasing the value of Power of Hydrogen from 2.24 became 7.02, the optimum Power of Hydrogen was achieved by using mangrove sediment with sand texture 7.02 at the tenth day. Decreasing sulphate degree from 1.171 ppm became 0.625 ppm by using mangrove sediment with sand texture 7.02 at the tenth day, but could not decreasing the content of metal manganese (Mn) and iron(Fe) by using mangrove sediment with sand texture and mud texture because the content of metal in that sediment was highest than the water of acid mine. The best texture of mangrove sediment in neutralization of acid mine was sand texture sediment because the time to neutralization of acid mine was more quickly in neutralizing the Power or Hydrogen and to increase the sulphate degree.

Keywords
Mangrove, pH, sulphate, manganese, iron.

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/PkvEw6a2MgJc

Corresponding Author
Paulina Taba

Institutions
Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Wastewater resulted from textile dyeing is an enormous pollutant around the world. Therefore, the existence of dyes, such as brilliant scarlet (BS), in the water environment have to be removed. Mesoporous silica (MCM-48) was used to remove BS through adsorption process. MCM-48 was hydrothermally prepaired using co-surfactant of CTAB and Triton X-100 as a template. After being synthesized, the material was washed once and twice with HCl-ethanol to remove surfactants used. Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were methods utilized to characterize MCM-48 materials. We studied the ability of washed MCM-48 materials (washed once, MCM-48-W1 and washed twice, MCM-48-W2) to remove BS from aqueous media with a variation of contact time, pH and concentration. A UV-Vis Spectrophotometer was an instrument used for measuring the concentration of BS after adsorption at a wavelength of 505 nm. The adsorption isotherms of BS by washed MCM-48 materials were studied using Langmuir and Freundlich models. It was found that the optimum time adsorption of BS by MCM-48-W1 and MCM-48-W2 was 60 min. The optimum pH adsorption of the dye by MCM-48-W1 was 6, whereas those by MCM-48-W2 was 5. The adsorption of BS by MCM-48-W1 and MCM-48-W2 obeyed the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The adsorption capacity of the former was higher than that of the later. This result showed that mesoporous materials that still had some surfactants are promising to be used as adsorbent of dye.

Keywords
adsorption, mesoporous silica (MCM-48), adsorption isotherm, brilliant scarlet

Topic
Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kuNM964HGFZW