Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
The increases prevalence of obesity is due to the instant diet of children cause of globalization. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between junk food consumption with child obesity. This study was conducted on 175 pupils which age 9-12 years old and has parents with no history of obesity in West Denpasar District using analysis cross sectional approach. Obesity determined as BMI by age more than Z score 2 while junk food consumption determined as consuming low-nutrient foods contained fat and soft drinks at least once a week. The collected data analyzed with SPSS 21 using Chi-Square test for relationship of junk food consumption and child obesity whereas multiple logistic regression analysis to controlled the influences of variables parents-s education, parents-s income and child-s physical activity. Prevalence of obesity was found 18,3% which 21 pupils found with obesity was consuming junk food, while 11 pupils found with obesity wasn-t consuming junk food. The result was showed as follow: relationship between junk food consumption with child obesity was positive significance (p <0,05), OR 2,56 and IK 95% 1,15-5,72. After controlled with another variables, the relationship still significant with Adjusted Odd Ratio 0,32. It can be concluded that there was relationship between junk food consumption and child obesity.

Keywords
junk food, risk factor, obesity

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gYtN3GH2fqyU

Corresponding Author
Anak Agung Ayu Lila Paramasatiari

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine, Warmadewa University

Abstract
Introduction: Changes in food consumption patterns in children is that they are currently consuming instant foods and having poor nutritional value. This causes the prevalence of obesity in children to increase every year. It continues into adulthood so it is important to carry out interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in children. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between consumption of junk food and childhood obesity. Method: This study was a cross sectional study in children aged 9-12 years in West Denpasar District with 175 respondents selected by simple two-stage cluster random sampling. Respondents were children aged 9-12 years who attended elementary schools in West Denpasar District without a history of obesity in their parents. The obesity criterion in this study is if the Body Mass Index (BMI) according to age is more than Z score 2. Criteria for consumption of junk food is if at least once a week consume low-nutrition foods that contain fat and soft drinks. The collected data was analyzed with SPSS 21 for window including Chi-Square test to look for the relationship of consumption of junk food with obesity and multiple logistic regression analysis to control the influence of variables on parental education, parental income and physical activity of children. Result: Obesity prevalence was 18.3%. The prevalence of obesity in the group that consumes junk food is 12%, while in the group that does not consume junk food is 6.3%. There was a significant relationship between consumption of junk food and the prevalence of obesity (x2 = 4,65; p=0,031) with Odds Ratio 2.56 and 95% Trust Interval 1.15-5.72. After being controlled by the parents education variables and childrens physical activity, this relationship was still significant (p = 0.015) but the adjusted Odds Ratio was only 0.32. Conclusion: there is a moderate positive relationship between consumption of junk food and obesity in children.

Keywords
junk food, risk factors,and obesity

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gpByNzcAqUnK

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
Laundry services develop as one of the leading informal economic sector in Bali. Workload on laundry worker is due to monotonous process. Workloads that are not in accordance with the ability of workers could lead to excessive energy use, resulting in fatigue. The aim of this study was to find out the correlation between workload and fatigue rate among the laundry workers in Dalung Village, Kuta Utara District, Badung Regency. The method used in this study is analytical descriptive with cross-sectional approach. The subject in this study were laundry workers in Dalung Village, Kuta Utara District, Badung Regency. The amount of the sample was 40 people selected by purposive sampling method. Workload data was measured by calculating the working heart rate using pulsemeter. Fatigue data was measured by 30-item fatigue questionnaire with Likert scale. The relationship between workload and fatigue rate were analyzed by SPSS using Somers d test. The results were shown as follows the average of the working heart rate and fatigue rate : 91.6 ± 8.27bpm and 57.03 ± 9.68, respectively. The highest percentage of workload category was light workload (82,5%) and the highest precentage of fatigue category was moderate category (80%). There was positive significant relationship between workload and laundry worker fatigue rate ((p <0.05 and r=0.47). The conclusion could be drawn that there was a positive significant correlation between workload and laundry worker fatigue rate. It was suggested that the workers should be drink water and rest enough to reduce fatigue.

Keywords
workload, fatigue, laundry worker

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/TcbhQgv28aWZ

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Agung Alit Suka Astini

Institutions
Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty and Health Science of Warmadewa University, Bali-Indonesia

Abstract
Measurement of growth and development in children is the most important thing related to early and appropriate management that can be done if deviations are found. Growth measurements are measurements of the childs weight, height and head circumference. Some previous studies have shown that there are many delays in child development. There are several ways that can be used to screen development, one of them is by using a developmental pre-screening questionnaire that requires special officers trained in its implementation. The results of measurements of growth are often associated with development in children. Based on this, further research is needed regarding the relationship between screening for development and growth in children. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the results of screening on development using the KPSP method and the results of measuring growth parameters in children aged 0-6 years in Denpasar. The study was conducted using cross sectional analytic. Based on the Pearson correlation test (α = 0.05), it shows that there is a significant negative correlation (r = -0.218; p <0.05) between weight and development. This shows that the higher body weight will further reduce the level of child development.

Keywords
growth, development, developmental questionnaire, weight gain

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bzCc2vNAG7Bn

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the health problems worldwide. The prevalence of DM in Indonesia in 2013 is 12,191,564 people and is predicted to increase to 21.3 million people in 2030. Obesity is the main factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The measurement to diagnose obesity is the waist circumference. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the waist circumference on obesity among the incidence patient of type 2 diabetes mellitus in BRSU Tabanan. The design of this research was cross sectional. The subjects of this study were all adult male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or obesity in ambulatory clinic BRSU Tabanan, who were selected using consecutive sampling. Independent variables in this study was the waist circumference and the dependent variable was type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data were collected using instruments such as metric / meter cloth and blood glucose was measured using Easy Touch GCU. Data were analyzed by SPSS application using Chi-square. The results were as follows: the average of the waist circumference (obesity) and type 2 diabetes mellitus were 52,8% and 54,7% respectively. The relationship of both above was significant (p<0,05; r=0,396). The conclusion could be drawn that there was positive significant relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It was recommended that the subject should be maintain the ideal body weight, and for the obese people were expected to reduce their body weight.

Keywords
type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, waist circumference

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tuh7MEKcdWXH

Corresponding Author
agus santosa

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
Coronary heart disease is a condition with inadequate blood supply to the cardiac muscle caused by coronary arteries obstruction. CHD as one of the cardiovascular disease was the highest cause of death in Indonesia from 1995 to 2007. Based on Indonesia National Research in 2014, Bali was placed on the seventeenth position with 12.272 CHD patients. Risk of CHD can be reduced by prevention and control of the risk factors. The purpose of this study was to find out the risk factors of CHD patients hospitalized in Sanjiwani Gianyar Hospital. This descriptive study used cross sectional design. Data collection were carried out based on the medical records of CHD patients hospitalized in Sanjiwani Gianyar Hospital from January to December 2016, which were selected by simple random sampling technique. The study research showed the majority (91,3%) of CHD patients were aged ≥ 45, male (58%), and had no family history with cardiovascular disease (78,3%). Most CHD patients had no smoking habit (68,1%), had normal BMI (68,1%), had no diabetes mellitus history (65,2%), and had hypertension history (55,1%). Most (84,1%) of CHD patients had normal value of total cholesterol level, normal value of trigliserida level (62,3%), sub optimal LDL level (52,2%), and low HDL level (34,8%). This concluded that most risk factors for CHD patients were aged ≥ 45, male, had hypertension history, and low HDL level as risk factors.

Keywords
Coronary heart disease

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qxEe7RyfVHnU

Corresponding Author
Luh Gede Pradnyawati

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences of Warmadewa University

Abstract
Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism in the human body. At least allantonin causes the human body susceptible to hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia can cause gout arthritis. According to Bali Province Basic Health Research in 2013, Karangasem Regency occupies the first position of prevalence of arthritis incidence in Bali Province. Puskesmas Kubu 2 occupies the fourth position of arthritis incident in Karangasem and most patients from Kertabuana Sub District. This study aims to determine the risk factors of hyperuricemia occurrence in people aged over 24 years in Banjar Kertabuana. The method used cross sectional with Systematic Random Sampling technique. The instruments of this study were questionnaires, measurements of uric acid, and calculation of Body Mass Index. Data were analyzed by Chi Square bivariate test and multivariate test of Binary Logistic Regression with Backward Conditional method. The result was 102 (60%) respondents had hyperuricemia and 68 (40%) of respondents did not have hyperuricemia. Chi Square test showed that age, sex, family history, high purine consumption pattern, alcohol consumption, obesity were hyperuricemia risk factor and significant (p <0,005). Multivariate analysis with Binary Logistic Regression Test, high purine consumption pattern was risk factor with highest OR (odd ratio) of 12,179 (95% CI: 4,978-29,798) and family history did not pass multivariate test with p equal to 0,104. This study is expected to be used as a guidance counseling to the community to prevent the incidence of hyperuricemia and provide scientific information to researchers about risk factors that affect the incidence of hyperuricemia.

Keywords
Hyperuricemia, risk factor hyperuricemia

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2K9zFyXAavqu

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
Low birth weight babies (LBW) are babies born with weight less than 2500 grams regardless of gestational age. LBW is a health problem in Indonesia. Infant mortality rate (IMR) in Indonesia is still high and the main cause is LBW. Kabupaten Gianyar had the highest IMR in Bali that is 12,3 per 1000 live birth. The highest prevalence of LBW in Kabupaten Gianyar on 2016 occurred in Kecamatan Tegallalang. LBW is influenced by several risk factors such as anemia, age, parity, cigarette exposure, hypertension, inadequate antenatal care, poor mothers nutritional status and poor health service quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factor of LBW in Kecamatan Tegallalang on 2015-2017. This study was an analytic study using case control design with univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The independent variables are maternal age, parity, anemia, and hypertension. The research instrument is form checklist. The source of data was secondary data from medical record and kohort book at Puskesmas Tegallalang I and II. The result of bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between maternal age (p = 0,004; OR = 4,385), parity (p = 0,005; OR = 4,000) and hypertension (p = 0,030; OR = 9,514) with the incidence of LBW. While anemia has no significant correlation with LBW (p = 0,616). In multivariate analysis, the most significant risk factor was hypertension. It is expected that this report can be learned for pregnant women and health provider.

Keywords
LBW, antenatal care, case control

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/W4UYwgeVB8PX

Corresponding Author
Putu Indah Budi Apsari

Institutions
faculty of Medicina and health sciences, Warmadewa university

Abstract
Patient with refractive disorders in Indonesia almost reached 25% of the population or about 55 million people. Myopia is one of the refractive disorders in the eye that has a high prevalence in the world. The purpose of this study was to know the risk factors of myopia in junior high school students in Denpasar. This research was an analytical research with case control design with subjectstaken from junior high school students in Denpasar. School samples were choosed using cluster random sampling and the students by simple random sampling. There are 49 people who has miopia as the case and 49 people without it as the control. Data were collected by direct interviewed using prepared questionnaires, is analyzed using chi square test. The result showed significant correlation between genetic factor and myopia (p = 0,013; α <0,05), lifestyles (p = 0,02, α <0,05), and vitamins A, C, D and E (p = 0,039; α <0,05). It is expected that community healht care and schools to conduct routine checks, early detection of eye health and educate the lifestyle and vitamin consumption.

Keywords
myopia, genetic, lifestyle, vitamins A, C, D and E.

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/URJaCr7FfGhg

Corresponding Author
Luh Gede Pradnyawati

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences of Warmadewa University

Abstract
Stunting is a growth disorder based on measurement of PB / U or TB / U characterized by a short body state. Toddlers were categorized short if the z-score of the scores is less than -2SD. In Indonesia 29% of children are short category. There are several risk factors that influence stunting including short-term pregnancy, mother-s height, LBW, number of children, age of MP-ASI, exclusive breastfeeding and frequency of infection history with stunting in toddlers. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factor of stunting in toddlers at Puskesmas Klungkung I. This research is a case-control research with retrospective approach. The sample size used in this study were 35 case samples and 70 control samples, through purposive sampling technique. The data collected in the form of primary data and secondary data. Data were analyzed by bivariate analysis with chi square test and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression. Chi square test showed that the risk factors for stunting were LBW, exclusive breastfeeding, age of MP-ASI, frequency of infection history and mothers height. Gestational distance and the number of children were not risk factor for stunting in this study. Multiple logistic regression test showed LBW (OR = 21,98; 95% CI: 2.04-237,69) and mother height (OR = 7,37; 95% CI: 1,94-28,02) became dominant risk factor of stunting incidents in toddlers at Puskesmas Klungkung I. These results indicate that mother-s height and LBW are the risk factors for stunting. Therefore, they need more attention to reduce the incidence of stunting.

Keywords
Risk factors, stunting and toddlers

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kQqBvtdNwWra

Corresponding Author
Yani Suryani

Institutions
Department of Biology
Faculty of Science and Technology
UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Abstract
Recently, the national garlic productivity is very low because of pathogens, especially fungi. Efforts can be made to increase the productivity of garlic through the reduction and prevention of pathogenic attacks by using biological control agents. Microorganisms are one of the best biological agents. One type of microorganism is Trichoderma sp. This research was conducted at the Plant and Vegetable Research Institute (BALITSA) Bandung. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with the type of treatment of garlic varieties. The varieties consist of varieties 1, 2 and 3. The parameters of the observations carried out in this study were the growth rate of garlic which included garlic height, root length and tuber garlic weight. Trichoderma sp. the optimal role is to increase the high rate of garlic plants by 0.8%, increase root length by 9 - 23%, and increase the weight of tuber weight by 21 - 51%.

Keywords
Trichoderma, Garlic, Biological Agent

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dFMWUzE6kbx3

Corresponding Author
Jamiatul Hasanah

Institutions
1.Postgraduate Student of Science Education, University of Mataram. Jalan Majapahit No 62, Lombok, Indonesia.
*jamihasanah94[at]gmail.com
2.Science Education, Postgraduate Program, University of Mataram. Jalan Majapahit No 62, Lombok, Indonesia.

Abstract
Abstract. The Problem of science learning at schools usually relates to teaching materials. Teaching materials used as study guides are usually not in accordance with the character and environment of students. This research aims to develop scientific teaching materials based structured inquiry assisted by animation media. The development procedure in this research uses the Dick & Carey model which has 10 development stages namely asses need to identify instructional goal, conduct instructional analysis, analyze learner and contexts, write performance objectives, develop assessment instruments, develop and select instructional material, develop instructional strategy, design and conduct formative evaluation of instruction, revise instruction, design and conduct summative evaluation. The quality of developed product was assessed through feasibility test by two experts and one teacher as a user. Feasibility aspects that are assessed are the content, presentation, language, graphics, and learning media. The feasibility percentage of each aspect was 84%, 88%, 85%, 79% and 83%. The average result of the feasibility presentation value is 83,8%. In conclusion, scientific teaching materials based structured inquiry assisted by animation media is very feasible to be applied in the learning process in junior high school.

Keywords
scientific teaching materials, structured inquiry, animation media

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7rwTCh89dzP4

Corresponding Author
Tri Handayani Kurniati

Institutions
Biology Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jakarta State University.
Jl, Rawamangun Muka, Rawamangun,. East Jakarta 13220. Indonesia

Abstract
Biosurfactants are surface-active molecule produced by microorganisms and have several advantages over the chemical surfactants. The objective of this research was to obtain biosurfactant-producing bacteria from hydrocarbon contaminated soils in Jakarta Bay and to observe their biosurfactant activity through emulsification capacity and surface tension reduction capability. Overall, 19 isolates were screened for biosurfactant production by hemolysis assay, drop collapse assay and oil spreading assay. The result showed that 12 strains gave positive results on the screening tests and were determined as biosurfactant-producing bacteria. Three strains (TKY 3, TKY 14 and TKY 19) had the best biosurfactant activity. Isolate TKY 3 has the best emulsification index (E24) with a value 57±0,57%, while the lowest surface tension value was achieved by two strains ( TKY 19 and TKY 14 ) with the same value of 37,84±1,45 mN/m.

Keywords
bacteria; biosurfactant; emulsification; screening; surface tension

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Kj7xubBmL6HF

Corresponding Author
Rifdah Hasanah

Institutions
(a) Biology Department, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
(b) Universitas Negeri Culture Collection, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
(c) Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81130 UTM, Skudai, Malaysia
(c) Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract
The aim of this study is to demonstrate screening isolates of yeast with high cellulase activity from indigenous fermented beverages of Indonesia. This research conducted in Oktober 2018 until Maret 2019 in Microbiology Laboratory of Universitas Negeri Jakarta. The screening test of potential isolate to producing cellulase enzyme was perfomed on 53 yeast isolate from eight source indigenous fermented beverages that can grow in YMA medium with pH 2. Screening was carried out on CMC medium with difussion agar method. The cellulose activity of the organisms was measured diameter of a clear zone around the colony on Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) agar media. The result of screening potential isolate to producing cellulase showed from 50 isolates, 17 isolate of yeast performed has potentially cellulose activity. They were selected according to their capabilities of degrading carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Among these 17 strains, 3 strains namely IL112, IL125 and IL78 showed higher levels of enzyme activity based on celulolytic index value.

Keywords
Yeast, Fermented, Cellulase

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Qu4fCpGKnrey

Corresponding Author
sepwin sitompul

Institutions
Faculty of Engineering, Sampoerna University
Jl. Pasar Raya Minggu No 16, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia

Abstract
Lignin is an essential bio-polymer which is required in the formation of plant cell wall. The degradation of lignin in the nature is a major challenge due to the complexity of its structure. It has been long known that white rot fungi produce ligninolytic enzyme that can degrade lignin efficiently. To identify white rot fungi, screening test was carried out by testing different strains of Basidiomycota using czapek dox agar supplemented with Guaiacol (0,02%). The results showed that two out of thirteen strains of Basidiomycota have ligninolytic activity. In this study, we successfully obtained two strains that have ligninolytic activity. This study sheds light on further observation of these strains which potentially can be used for lignocellulose waste treatment especially oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB).

Keywords
basidiomycota, degradation, ligninolytic, white rot fungi

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DN6hYKQcVEZj

Corresponding Author
Lolita Endang Susilowati

Institutions
University of Mataram

Abstract
The drought tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria is needed to dissolve phosphate (P) inorganic which is usually low in availability at dry land. This study is aimed to obtain a consortium of drought tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria which has high potential in dissolving P-inorganic. An experimental study which has 4 treatments of bacterial combinations has been conducted in a laboratory. The first treatment was the combinations of Pseudomonas azotoformans (PA), Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) and Bacillus paramycoides (BP). The second treatment was the combination of PA and AB. The third treatment was PA and BP, then the fourth treatment was AB and BP. The potential of the consortium bacteria in dissolving P-inorganic was measured qualitatively using phosphate dissolution index (FDI) on solid pikovskayas medium. While, the potential of the consortium bacteria in dissolving P-inorganic was measured quantitatively by measuring dissolved P using the ascorbic acid method in liquid pikovskayas medium containing 0.5% Ca3(PO4)2. The results showed that the consortium of those three bacteria (PA AB and BP) has the best potential to dissolve P-inorganic compared to other combinations. In addition, the three bacteria combination also resulted in the highest dissolved P with 0.29% potential dissolution, followed by combination of AB and BP (0.19%), and PA and BP (0.18%), respectively. Thus, before the consortium of these three bacteria is applied in soil, it is needed further experiment of potential of the bacteria in dissolving soil P-inorganic.

Keywords
drought tolerant, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, dissolved P-inorganic, pikovskayas medium

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7Qvdn6AgFWwM

Corresponding Author
Sri Wardani

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa, Bali, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract. Chronic Kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) are complication of patients on chronic hemodialysis therapy. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive analytic study aims to examine concentration of serum calcium as a marker of CKD-MBD. Calcium serum concentration were examined with spectrophotometer method than we computed into low, normal, and high serum calcium concentrations. This study recruited 100 chronic hemodialysis patients at Sanjiwani Gianyar Hospital and AriCanti Hospital, composed of 67 male and 33 female, mean of age is 52.52 ±12.81, duration of HD were 44,6 month. Most of the patients undergone hemodialysis 2 times a week (96 %) and performed HD 4.5 hour per session and 66% patients used AV fistula access. This study was found most of chronic hemodialysis patients (60%) has low serum calcium concentration <8.5 mg/dl. On Spearman correlation test, serum calcium concentrations in this study were significant influenced by serum creatinine concentration r = -0.461 and phosphate serum concentration r= -0.0273 on p < 0.001, respectively. Conclusions: most of the chronic hemodialysis patients in this study has low serum calcium concentration as a marker of CKD-MBD.

Keywords
CKD-MBD, hemodialysis, serum calcium concentration

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/zh9CVb8njgud

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni

Institutions
Sanjiwani Hospital/Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
Background: the increase level of serum phosphate is common due to secretion failure of the kidney on chronic kidney disease patients (CKD). The study objective is to determine the level of serum phosphorus among the CKD patient on chronic dialysis in Gianyar Bali. Methods: a prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 100 serum of the patient visiting dialysis clinic in Sanjiwani and Arisanti Hospital on October 2018. A three mL of blood was collected and the phosphate level was measured with specthrofotometer. Results: Sixty seven of 100 samples was man with mean age was 52,52 (SD±12,811). The most cause of CKD was pyelonephritis chronic. The mean of hemodialysis duration was 44,59 (SD± 32,40). Level of the phosphate more than normal limit found as high as 69% of the samples. There was a correlation between age (p=0.001), gender (p=0.020) and phosphate level, but there was no correlation between IMT, HD duration and phosphate level, accounting for p=0.222 and p=0.264, respectively. Conclusion High finding of hyperphosphatemia that found in the study reveal the presentation of CKD-mineral and bone disorder in CKD patients. Correlation of age with higher phosphate level may relate with the deterioration of kidney function in elderly.

Keywords
CKD; phosphate level, hemodialysis

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/TLG7AzgMaxcu

Corresponding Author
Anak Agung Ngurah Mayun Wirajaya

Institutions
a) Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture-Warmadewa University
* Email: mawir61[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to obtain the right time for pruning and best urine treatment intervals for the growth and yield of melon plants. This research is a factorial experiment, with the basic design of Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors. This experiment was carried out in a greenhouse from June to September 2018. The interaction between setting the pruning time (P) and giving rabbit urine (U) to the growth and yield of melon plants on all influential variables was not significant. The highest weight obtained from the weight of fruit per plant because the setting of shoot trimming time is given at P1 of 1,555.21 g or increased by 10.12% compared to the lowest yield at P3 which is 1412.34 g. Fruit weight per plant in U1 urine administration with a given interval of 3 days showed the highest value of 1568.88 g or increased by 14.67% compared to the lowest result at U0 which was 1368.17 g.

Keywords
Pruning time, rabbit urine, melon plants

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Bk7AzeDrYLMd

Corresponding Author
Iqbal Prabawa Wiguna

Institutions
Telkom University

Abstract
On its progress Indonesian contemporary art increasingly leads to the hybridization between art and science (whose derivatives are engineering and technology) and cultural criticism. Bandung, in Indonesian art world is known as the "western laboratory" which means that the most work of the artist in this one place explore ideas and mediums that are interdisciplinary and have some scientific approach. One of the factors behind the increasingly diverse forms of interdisciplinary works of art, is the variety of academic backgrounds of young artists today, which previously were dominated by young artists with an art academy background. One of the art groups whose works are interdisciplinary and originating from Bandung is Annuitterra. Annuitterra is one group of collective artists domiciled in Bandung. This group focusing on exploration in the field of art, science and design for the past 4 years. The works vary from works that are strong in scientific elements such as taxidermy, skeletonizing, wet specimen, mummification, diaphonized, plasticization to interactive works with art presentations such as bio art, sound art, scent art, ecological art. This research will focus on using samples from Annuitterras skeleton works to see the development of new media art in Bandung. The results of the analysis show that there is an interdisciplinary tendency and inter-media hybridization in the new media art that enriches Indonesian art discourse.

Keywords
Contemporary art, Science, Skeletonizing, Annuittera

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/WDY9MfVKkceA

Corresponding Author
Hudiana Hernawan

Institutions
Institut Pendidikan Indonesia Jl. Pahlawan no 32 Sukagalih Garut 44151, Indonesia

Abstract
The growth of animals can be determined by various hormones, one of which is somatotropin. Somatotropin has remarkable effects on the tissue growth. This study aims at examining the effects of somatotropin on male rate growth performance. The samples were one hundred and sixty two 2-week old Sprague-Dawley male rats. Data analysis was performed using two-factor nested designs. The first factor was dosage consisting of 3 levels (0, 3, and 9 mg/kg bw/day). The second factor was the injection period consisting of 3 injection periods (day 1 to day 14, day 1 to day 28, and day 15 to day 28). The results showed that during day 1 to day 28 of the injection period, somatotropin improved bone length and bone composition and that no further growth after day 28. This may imply that somatotropin could improve the growth of male rats.

Keywords
somatotropin, bone growth, dosage, injection period

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/X7WMxdwvDrAK

Corresponding Author
DENI PARLINDUNGAN

Institutions
a) Science Education Program, University of Bengkulu, Bengkulu Indonesia. *dparlindungan[at]unib.ac.id

Abstract
Amphibians in Sumatra have recorded 110 species but there is still observation of the development embryos frog species, especially M. heymonsi. It is necessary to know the comparison of the M. Stages of Embryo Development compared to the X.laevis (Daudin) standard from Nieuwkoop and Faber (1994). This study uses M.heymonsi egg and tedpole samples taken directly from its natural habitat in the University of Bengkulu area. Sampels were collected using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method, which is directly on the terrestrial and aquatic pathways (Heyer et al. 1994). Observation of the stage of embryo development carried out for 17 days was observed every 2 hours starting at 08.00-16.00. The data shows the stages of the development of M. heymonsi embryos compared to the X.laevis (Daudin) standard in stages 1 to 47 have similarities. Changes include size and morphological conditions.

Keywords
Stages, Development, Microhyla heymonsi , Xenopus laevis

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ZQkXfYK7g4BE

Corresponding Author
Ade Suryanda

Institutions
Department of Biology Education, Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Jl. Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
This research inteant was to determine differences in the ecolitercy of natural sciences and social sciences. Ecoliteracy of students is needed to form a sustainable society, and a basic understanding of the ecology and principles of ecosystems is needed. Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) is used to find out the responses of students in their understanding of ecoliteracy. The research sample came from students majoring in natural sciences and social sciences academic year 2018/2019 in 3 Senior High School in Bekasi. The results showed that there were differences in the ecoliteracy of high school students majoring in science and social science that average ecoliteracy score of science students is 179 while the average ecoliteracy score of social studies students is 169. The level of SOLO taxonomy level of science students is at the relational and extended abstract level and the SOLO taxonomy level of the social students is at the multistructural level up to the extended abstract level. The conclusion of this study is that there are differences in the ecoliteracy of students from science and social studies subject to taxonomy Structure of Observed LearningOutcomes (SOLO).

Keywords
Ecoliteracy, Taxonomy SOLO

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/WepKMh2aPj9G

Corresponding Author
Nur Ducha

Institutions
Unesa

Abstract
Soya is an ingredient that is often added to semen extender as a component of macromolecules. This study aims to examine the effect of adding soy in the Tris base diluent on the quality and integrity of the Senduro goat spermatozoa membrane. Fresh semen was collected from the Senduro Goat using an artificial vagina, then observing the motility, viability, and integrity of the spermatozoa membrane. Fresh semen was diluted in tris base extender with different concentrations of soy, ie 0% (as a control group), 1%, 2%, and 3%. Stability of spermatozoa was analyzed based on the quality of spermatozoa, namely motility and viability, and membrane intebrity. Observation of motility and viability is done every day. Spermatozoa motility was observed under a microscope at 200 X magnification, by two people. Viability of spermatozoa was observed using negosin eosin staining. Spermatozoa membrane integrity was observed using the HOST method. The results showed the greatest motility, viability and integrity of the spermatozoa membrane at the beginning of storage were found in the tris + soya diluent of 2%. But at the end of storage, ie on the second day after storage, the quality of spermatozoa in the control group and the treatment group (2% and 3%) did not differ only. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the use of soy in the tris base diluent has not been able to provide optimal protection in Spermatozoa Senduro Goat druing storage at temperature of 4-5⁰C.

Keywords
spermatozoa od Goat Senduro, soya, tris base extender, temperature of 4-5⁰C

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/aHFCAJtMNjEm

Corresponding Author
Rusmono Rus

Institutions
UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA

Abstract
Education and technology must run together in this millenial century. This study aims to develop teaching materials based on mobile learning for thematic learning in elementary school. This study uses research and development methods by Dick and Carey model. The instruments used in this study were interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The result of this study are teaching materials based on mobile learning. Based on the results of the pre-test and post-test analysis, it showed that there were differences in learning outcomes between the pre-test and post-test stages. The results of the t-test show that t count = 12.10 and t table = 1.99 at the significance level α = 0.05 / 95%. Thus it can be concluded that there is an increase in learning outcomes experienced by students, after participating in thematic learning with teaching materials based on mobile learning.

Keywords
teaching materials, mobile learning, alam sekitar.

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xW9hQLJGjNdK

Corresponding Author
Rini Puspitaningrum

Institutions
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia 10520
2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia

Abstract
Aging getting more attention in meetings both in between scientists as public. Long telomeres on lymphocytes able predict the aging process and related to change telomerase function. This research aimed to measure levels telomerase enzyme on lymphocytes cell with age 6-8 weeks and 2-3 years. This research used experimental method. This researchwas conductedon February-May 2018 in Laboratory Biochemistry and Biology Molecular Faculty Medical University of Indonesia. Based on the research that has been done, the level of telomerase enzyme in Rattusnorvegicus lymphocytes within age 6-8 weeks had an average 2.24 ± 0.09 pg / mL lymphocyte. Telomerase enzyme levels in lymphocytes aged 2-3 years had an average 2.27 ± 0.15 pg / mL.This research obtained accurate information that can be used to find out each individual who doesn-t show the same level at the same time, was not statistically significantly different. This is an interesting thing to do for a more heterogeneous environment and by paying attention to individuals per individual from various daily activities.

Keywords
Aging , telomerase enzyme, lymphocytes, cell degeneration

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dhQFRMaCvA38

Corresponding Author
Asri Lestarini

Institutions
(a) Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Warmadewa University
Jalan Terompong no 24 Denpasar, 80235, Indonesia
*asrilestarini[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Enuresis, also known as bed-wetting is a condition where the children at the age of 5 or more urinate on the bed or on their clothes, and it happened often about at least twice a week for 3 months in a row. This research is dedicated to studying the relation between toilet training, physical and family history with the incident of enuresis in children between 5 and 6 years old. A cross-sectional study was conducted in North Denpasar District. The samples were 105 subjects whose study at kindergarten and their parent. Data of the risk factor of enuresis were collected by using questioner and then analyzed by chi-square and Fisher exact test. The result of this research are children who had parents with enuresis history (PR = 3,720), children who had siblings with enuresis history (PR = 4,950), breastfeeding history (PR = 1,920), duration of breastfeeding (PR = 2,133), toilet training (PR = 5,497), and bad physiological history (PR = 1,915) were related to incident of enuresis in children with p-value <0,05. Based on the result, parents, educators, or medical personnel may prevent the incident of enuresis by avoiding the risk factor of enuresis.

Keywords
enuresis, family history, toilet training

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/deRhnp2G3NBy

Corresponding Author
Mirsa Umiyati

Institutions
Universitas Warmadewa

Abstract
Abstract Caesarean section is a form of childbirth by surgical procedure. The rate of caesarean delivery in Indonesia is quite high, especially in private hospitals such as in Bali Royal Hospital Denpasar. This is influenced among others by age, education level, occupation, parity and indication of the caesarean section. This study aimed to assess the characteristics of mothers who had caesarean section delivery at Bali Royal Hospital Denpasar. This study used descriptive cross-sectional design. The variables studied were age, education level, occupation, parity and indications of the caesarean section. The samples of the study were 100 mothers, selected by systematic random sampling from 1004 mothers in the population. The data used were secondary data obtained from medical records, then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the characteristics of mothers who had caesarean section deliveries at Bali Royal Hospital Denpasar based on sociodemographic factors were mostly aged 20-35 years (83%), having college education level (45%) and worked as private employment (52%). Meanwhile based on medico-obstetric factors most had nullipara parity (54%) and medical indications (85%), most of which was previous history of sectio caesarea, as which was high as 42.19%.

Keywords
Keywords: sleep duration, concentration level, elementary school students.

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xAHz9eqtQuaZ

Corresponding Author
Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni

Institutions

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Warmadewa

Abstract
Breakfast is a meal in the morning, shortly after waking up to 10 (ten) AM. This activity has a purpose to fulfill the body nutrition in the morning before starting the activity. Breakfast is considered important for a pupils which sometimes has a very solid activity in school. In addition, in the academic process pupils need to be in a healthy body condition and have good attention and concentration to catch all the lessons in school. The aim of this research was to find out the correlation between breakfast with the level of concentration in elementary school-s pupils in Denpasar City 2017. The research design was descriptive analytical through cross-sectional approach which was analyzed using Chi-Square statistical test by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows 16.0 (SPSS) program. The research data was primary data gathered with questionnaire form. The amount of the subjects were 96 persons which was selected using multistage cluster random sampling method to an elementary school-s pupils in Denpasar City. The percentage of non-breakfast subject was 35 persons (36,5%) and the breakfast subject was 61 persons (63,5%). The percentages of Concentrations level of breakfast pupils were divided in three categories which were Low (11,48%), Medium (65,57%) and High (22,95%). The result was showed that there was a significant relationship (p<0,05) between breakfast with the level of concentration. The conclusions could be drawn that there was a positive mild relationship between the two variables. It was recommended that this research can contribute as a source of information and evaluation for the development of science in the future.

Keywords
Concentration, Breakfast, Pupils, Elementary School,

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/FrEatHDb2JLm

Corresponding Author
Anak Agung Ayu Lila Paramasatiari

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine, Warmadewa University

Abstract
Introduction: Concentration disorder is a condition thats difficult to focus attention. The factors that influence concentration are environment, sociality and psychology. Concentration can also be influenced by a person sleep duration. This can affect academic achievement at school. Objective : This research aims to find out the correlation between sleep duration, and concentration level in Elementary School students in Denpasar Methode: The research design was cross-sectional study; data were collected using questionnare at three elementary school in Denpasar. The amount of the subjects were 96 respondents was selected by multistage cluster random sampling method from Harapan Mulia, SDN19 Pemecutan, SDN 27 Pemecutan elementary school. Data was analyzed using Chi-Square statistical test by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows 22 (SPSS) program. Result : The results showed 96 respondents collected from elementary school; 49% were males and 51% were females. The most aged of student were 10 years old. The low, medium and high concentration level were 27,1%; 46,9%;26% respectively. The less and enough sleep duration were 67,7%; 32,3% respectively. The percentage of non-breakfast subject was 35 persons (36,5%) and the breakfast subject was 61 persons (63,5%). The result was showed that there was a significant relationship (p<0,05) between sleep duration, with the level of concentration. Conclusion: The conclusion can be drawn that there was a positive and significant relationship between sleep duration and concentration level on Elementary School students in Denpasar.

Keywords
Sleep duration, Concentration Level, and Elementary School Students

Topic
Biology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/U3CeYgNqHW2d