Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Erny Ishartati

Institutions
1Authors- Department of Argonomic, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, INDONESIA.
(E-mail: ishartati.erny[at]gmail.com)

2Authors- Department of Food Technology, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, INDONESIA.
(E-mail: sukardiitp[at]gmail.com, devi[at]umm.ac.id)

3Authors- Researcher, INDONESIA.
(E-mail:sudiadijmb[at]yahoo.com)

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence in Indonesia was significantly increased. Based on the data of Health Research and Development Ministry, in 2013 was 6.9%, and it enhanced up to 8.5 % in 2018. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorders group, which is characterized by high blood sugar along to carbohydrate, protein, and lipid interference as the consequence insulin function insufficiency. This condition could be controlled by enzyme activity inhibition (-amylase and -glucosidase) from the material comprised to phenol and flavonoid. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels is well known as medical plant, this commodity is rich in compounds containing phenol and flavonoid that able to medicate a lot of disease, especially diabetes mellitus (anti-diabetic plant). The research aimed to investigate the anti-diabetic potential of white jamun (Syzigium cumini (L) Skell fruit and seed extract by in vitro. The main material white jamun taken from Kersikan Vilages, Godang Wetan, Pasuruan. White jamun fruit and seed extracts were prepared using binary solvent i.e. aqueous ethanol (50% v/v). About 50 g sample added in volumetric flasks followed by solvent addition. Afterward, the volumetric flasks placed in orbital shaker operating at 280 rpm and 500C for 45 min, then extracts filtered. The filtrate evaporated using rotary evaporator at 400C under reduced pressure for the removal of solvent. Later on, the extracts were stored in sealed bottles. The antioxidant activity were analyzed used DPPH, while anti-diabetic activity analyzed - glucoside enzyme inhibition activity by measuring the p-nitrofenol as enzymatic reaction product at wavelength 400 nm. The -Amylase enzyme activity inhibition determined used wavelength 540 nm. Statistical analysis performed with three replications and the data reported as the mean standard deviation. The result of total phenolic content at fruit was about 0,208-0,907 g GAE/mg, while at seed was 0,259-1,537 g GAE/mg. Phenolic compounds are important plant constituents with redox properties responsible for antioxidant activity, and the hydroxyl groups in plant extracts are responsible for facilitating free radical scavenging (Aryal et al., 2019). The total flavonoids content (TFC) at fruit was 0,605-6,189 g GAE/mg, and at seed was 5,385-7,240 g GAE/mg. Flavonoids are secondary metabolites with antioxidant activity, the potency of which depends on the number and position of free OH groups (Panche, 2016). The antioxidant activity at fruit was 313,65-492,17, and at seed was 351,16-408,42. DPPH is a stable organic free radical, which loses its absorption spectrum band at 515–528 nm when it accepts an electron or a free radical species. Accrording Chithiraikumar (2017) the DPPH assay is a simple, acceptable and most widely used technique to evaluate the radical scavenging potency of plant extracts, and the antioxidants are the components of the plants which are capable of enacting the visually noticea

Keywords
Jamun (Syzygium Cumini (S. Cumini), Diabetes, α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vwcuZxadCgrM

Corresponding Author
Roisatul Ainiyah

Institutions
Faculty Of Agriculture
University Of Yudharta Pasuruan

Abstract
INTRODUCTION Karika (Carica pubescens) have a kinship related to papaya (Carica papaya). Karika contains various nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and active substances that can be used for skin care, such as papaya. That karika content can be applied to bath soap products. The purpose of this research was to determine the inhibition of karika soap to the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. The method used in this study was agar diffusion. Samples in this research were 12 karika soaps with different formulation (variations in karika concentration and NaOH concentration). A positive control using papaya soap that has been circulating on the market. The results of the study were analyzed using ANOVA with a confidence interval of 5%. The results showed that the significance value was 0.472> 0.05 so there was no significant difference between the soap formulations on the inhibition zone of the Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results of the study were analyzed using ANOVA with a confidence interval of 5%. The results showed that the significance value was 0.472> 0.05 so there was no significant difference between the soap formulations on the inhibition zone of the Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. The highest inhibitory zone is in soap with formula 1 (1.38 cm), the lowest inhibitory zone is in soap with formula 7 (1.1 cm), while the papaya soap inhibition zone (positive control) is 1.7 cm. Suggestion from this research is to reformulate karika soap to improve its quality. Keywords: Karika, Soap, Staphylococcus epidermidis. References 1. Betsy, K. J., Mary Jilu, Reshma Fathima and Jaya T. Varkey. 2013. Determination of Alkali Content & Total Fatty Matter in Cleansing Agents. Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology ISSN 2249 - 0698 Vol. 2 No. 1, 2013, pp.8-12. © The Research Publication, www.trp.org.in. 2. Budi, Eko M. 2015. Skrining Fitokimia Dan Kandungan Total Flavanoid Pada Buah Carica Pubescens Lenne & k. Koch di Kawasan Bromo, Cangar, dan Dataran Tinggi Dieng. Skrining Fitokimia (73-82), Jurnal El-Hayah Vol. 5, No.2 Maret 2015. 3. Domingues, Gabriel., & Matt Schul. 2014. Soap Lab. ADM Biorenewables Education Laboratory Soap Lab Summer Academy. (online) (http://www.engineering.iastate.edu/brl/files/2011/10/brl_soaplab.pdf), diakses pada 15 September 2019. 4. Dunn, Kevin M. 2010. Scientific Soapmaking (The ChemistryOf The Cold Process). Farmville, VA: Clavicula Press. 5. Hidayat S. 2000. Potensi dan prospek pepaya gunung (Carica pubescens Lanne & K. Koch) dari Sikunang, Pegunungan Dieng, Wonosobo. Di dalam Seminar Sehari Menggali Potensi dan Meningkatkan Prospek Tanaman Hortikultura Menjadi Ketahanan Pangan dalam rangka Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Prosiding seminar; Bogor, 5 November 2000. Bogor: UPT Balai Pengembangan Kebun Raya LIPI Bogor. hlm 89-95. 6. Kenna. 2016. Understanding Water Discounts And Lye Solution In Soapmaking. (online)(

Keywords
Karika, Soap, Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Y7pGEb9FDt46

Corresponding Author
Atikah Nurhayati

Institutions
(1) Faculty Of Fisheries and Marine Science, Padjadjaran University

Abstract
Tuna production potential of Palabuhan Ratu, Sukabumi District, is very high but the fishery is not supported by a good supply chain. In this location, there are two existing chains namely fresh and derivative-product chains; both are influenced significantly by seasonal variables. This research is aimed at identifying factors that influence tuna supply and demand situation, analyzing supply chain, and proposing an alternative chain. Data for this research comprises both primary and secondary ones. Primary data were collected through interviews with 20 respondents representing fishers, 10 representing wholesellers, 10 representing retailers, 10 representing consumers, all of wich were drawn from following the snowball sampling technique. Meanwhile, secondary data were time series tuna production statistics made available from the printed report of the Sukabumi District Fishery Office. This research employed the factor analysis and fisheries supply chain management model as the main methodological tools. The result shows that among others, the most influential factors for tuna demand in the study location are price of fish, tuna product diversity, and distribution of tuna catch. On the other hand, in the suppy side the most influential factors are fishing season and tuna species. It as identified from the research that with regard to the existing chains, this research identified that there are varians of both the fresh fish and derivative product chains, each of which have some particular drawbacks related to influentional factors observed in the other part of this research. It is worth noting here that varians of the fresh tuna chain are: (i) fishers, auction place, wholeseller, retailer, consumer, (ii) fishers, auction place, consumer, (iii) fishers, consumer. Varians of the derivative-product chain are: (i) fishers, auction place, wholeseller, processors, processed fish wholesellers, processed fish retailers, consumers, (ii) fishers, auction place, processors, processed fish wholesellers, processed fish retailers, consumers, (iii) fishers, auction place, processors, processed fish retailers, consumers. In general, this research suggest in any chain, improvement should be made through integrative approach to incorporate tools necessary to mitigate negative influential factors and to take advantage the positive ones.

Keywords
integrated, Palabuhan Ratu, supply chain management, tuna fishery.

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/rnYa8y2bcV6D

Corresponding Author
Yekti Asih Purwestri

Institutions
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA 55281

Abstract
Gene encoding α-amylase from amylolytic bacteria HS32 associated with green algae has been isolated and cloned into E.coli DH5α. Amylase gene was amplified using Ami-F and Ami-R primers resulting in 1.6 kb length. The PCR product was cloned into zero blunt TOPO cloning vector, followed by transformation to E.coli DH5α competent cell. The selection of positive transformants were performed using Kanamycin selection medium. Analysis of positive transformed cells by colony PCR method using primer Ami-F and Ami-R produced 1.6 kb and using M13 universal primers produced 1.8 kb length. Restriction analysis of plasmid transformants by using restriction enzymes NotI and BamHI produced two bands, they were 3.5 kb (cloning vector) and 1.6 kb (insert gene). The BLAST sequence indicated that Bacillus sp. HS32 had 96% similarity with amylase gene of Bacillus cereus NC7401. This result open the possibility to characterize the properties of this α-amylase. Further research in genetic engineering for amylase production in E.coli expression vector need to be done.

Keywords
α-amylase, algae, cloning, BLAST, Bacillus cereus NC7401

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qdXQjp36Nwue

Corresponding Author
Dyah Roeswitawati

Institutions
Muhammadiyah University of Malang

Abstract
Mimosa invisa plant is a weed that is able to grow quickly in large numbers in the area of sugar cane plantations, which can cause a decrease in the quantity and quality of the harvest and the difficulty of the harvesting process. Mimosa invisa plants are class A weeds, where their effects on plantation crops are very significant. Mimosa invisa has great competitiveness with main plants, which is able to increase population efficiency by 14.08% in the first year to 38.55% in the third year. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L) is a shrub that is used as a source of sweeteners. The study was conducted to determine secondary metabolite compounds as allelochemicals in the Mimosa invisa rhizosphere and sugar cane plants. The study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive design through the identification of secondary metabolite compounds and Mimosa invisa allelochemistry and sugar cane. Samples were analyzed in the rhizosphere of monoculture weed, monoculture sugarcane, polyculture weed. Compound analysis using the Gass Cromatografy Mass Spectrophotometry (GCMS) Tool. The results showed that some allelochemical compounds in the rhizosphere of weeds and sugar cane could inhibit growth as well as potentially being developed as bioherbicides because they have inhibitory properties in certain environments.

Keywords
allelopaty, allelochemichal, secondary metabolite compound

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LJZp3G6NCPkM

Corresponding Author
Tri Rini Nuringtyas

Institutions
1 Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3 Research Center for Biotechnology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta

Abstract
Black rice is usually consumed as a functional food owing to its high anthocyanin content, which functions as an antioxidant. However, bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) has resulted in reduction in yield. Black rice has been reported to have a higher resistance to BLB than other local black rice cultivars. Here, we aimed to determine the metabolite responses of several black rice cultivars following Xoo infection. Two local black rice cultivars, Melik and Pari Ireng, and two white rice cultivars, IR64 and Java14, were treated with Xoo pathotype IV and a mock negative control (physical damage). GC-MS was used for the metabolite profiling analysis, followed by the quantification of total phenolic concentration (TPC) and total flavonoid concentration (TFC). Across all cultivars, the results revealed that following Xoo infection, there were significantly higher concentrations of primary metabolites including sugars, sugar alcohols, fatty acids, glycerol, and some organic acids. In Pari Ireng and Melik, sugars including fructose, mannose, and gluco-hexodialdose were present in a significantly higher concentration following the infection than before it. The infection significantly increased the TPC as follows: Java14 (0.841 % ± 0.005 %), followed by Pari Ireng (0.809 % ± 0.005%), Melik (0.771 % ± 0.003%), and IR64 (0.514 % ± 0.006%). Regarding TFC, the incerease following the infection was greater for Pari Ireng (0.517 ± 0.005 μm/g) than for Melik (0.465 ± 0.001 μm/g).

Keywords
Bacterial leaf blight, pigmented rice, GC-MS, metabolomics, Xoo infection

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Ezf4xKrvGXZ3

Corresponding Author
Bambang Yudi Ariadi

Institutions
Departement of Agribusiness, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, INDONESIA

Abstract
Background: Apple has long been known as a typical product in Malang. The sustainability of apple production is threatened, because the area of land and productivity of apples are decreasing, and the cost of producing apples is increasing. As a result, apple farming income has declined Aims: to analyze the sustainability of apple production in the future, simulate dynamic models of several scenarios, and provide alternative policies for decision makers Materials and Methods: The method used is modeling with a dynamic system approach followed by a simulation based on a predetermined scenario. Dynamic system modeling is done by means of a causal loop diagram (loops) that produces dynamic model structures and dynamic system behavior. The main data of the study are secondary data, including apple planting data, apple production and productivity. Primary data as a supporter is financial data on apple cultivation in Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency. The research data was analyzed using a dynamic system using Vensim software Results: The results showed that the sustainability of apple production consisted of 3 sub-models, namely sub-models; land ownership, productivity and production costs. In each sub model there is an input variable which functions to input data in each scenario that is made according to real conditions. This dynamic system model has five scenarios, namely (1) without policy; (2) policies for utilizing land resources; (3) productivity improvement policies; (4) policies for utilizing land resources and increasing productivity; (5) policies for substituting chemical pesticides. Conclusion: This dynamic system model has five scenarios, namely (1) without policy; (2) policies for utilizing land resources; (3) productivity improvement policies; (4) policies for utilizing land resources and increasing productivity; (5) policies for substituting chemical pesticides

Keywords
apple fruit, sustainability, system dynamics

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/daJFcAzB6jfp

Corresponding Author
Syarif Husen

Institutions
1Authors- Department of Argonomic, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, INDONESIA.
(E-mail: syarifhusen.hasan[at]gmail.com; ishartati.erny[at]gmail.com)
2Authors- Department of Food Technology, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, INDONESIA.
(E-mail: devi[at]umm.ac.id)

Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arumanis Mango is one of the national superior mango cultivars that has potential to meet domestic and export market consumption. However it is still constrained by the low yield and fruit quality, which is caused by the application of traditional cultivation techniques by farmers. To solve this problem innovative cultivation technology is needed. The purpose was to study the technology of mango fruit production at off-season used growth regulators namely paklobutrazol, ethepon and paclobutrazol with organic fertilizer application on the Arumanis mango plant. The study was conducted in the mango farm owned by PT.Friga in Jarangan Village, Rejoso District, Pasuruan Regency, East Java Province. The research was conducted from March to October. Mango plant material used was 25 years old. The research was carried out with three treatment namely: I. Paklobutrazol dosage was control (0 ml l-1 / tree, 5 ml l-1 / tree, 10 ml l-1 / tree and 15 ml l-1 / tree). II. Ethepon dosages (0 ppm / tree, 400 ppm / tree, 600 ppm / tree and 800 ppm / tree) that applied 1 month after paklobutrazol addition. III Paklobutrazol and organic fertilizer application in combination as follows: 1) Control, 2) Paklobutrazol 5ml + fertilizer 10kg, 3) Paklobutrazol 10ml + 15kg fertilizer and 4) 15ml Paklobutrazol + 20kg fertilizer. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 5 replications was used for this research. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results showed that off-season technology treatment with paklobutrazol, ethepon and packlobutrazol + organic fertilizer were significant (Table 1). The results indicated that (1) Paklobutrazol application accelerated the flowering age, shortens the panicle length, and increased fruit yield of tree. Moreover there wasn-t difference among doses of Paklobutrazol, (2) Giving ethepon accelerated the flowering period, enhanced the panicles number and yields of trees compared to controls. The treatment of ethephones 600 ppm produced the highest fruit weight, 182.60 kg, respectively (3 ) The Paklobutrazol and organic fertilizer application indicated that the panicles number and the fruit weight yield of tree is higher than the control, but there wasn-t difference between application of paklobutrazol with the addition of organic fertilizer. The results were consistent with the study of Husen et al. (2012) that application of paklobutrazol 5 ml / l on a 5-year-old hybrid mango could accelerate the flowering time and increased the number of fruits. Moreover, Tandel and Patel (2011) reported that application of paklobutrazol increased fruit number and total production per tree for Alphonso cultivars. Paklobutrazol doses also significantly accelerated flowering and yield in Lechi Ankit et al. (2017).

Keywords
Off-Season, Paklobutrazol, Ethepon, Organic Fertilizer

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Mae9PxWJU6Rw

Corresponding Author
Irza Guari Syah Fitri

Institutions
1Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, INDONESIA.
2Graduate School of Biotechnology, University of Jember, INDONESIA
3Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Jember, INDONESIA.
4State Polytechnic of Jember, INDONESIA
(*E-mail: trihandoyo.faperta[at]unej.ac.id)

Abstract
Background: Aromatic rice is one type of variance rice that had fragrant and delicious taste. The content of compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrrolin (2AP) caused the fragrant, which the compound has a higher concentration than non-aromatic rice. to development new variety of rice requires information of genetic distance that describe its character of each variety [1]. Phylogenetic analysis described genetic distance between individuals in a species. Phylogenetic analysis expressed morphological, physiological and molecular characteristics. Morphological characteristic is observation based on the planting approach in taxonomy which determinate its character. Molecular identification use RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) based on DNA sequences that are homologous with a single short (10-12 base) oligonucleotide sequence. Molecular marker based on PCR amplification such as RAPD is an efficient tools for plant breeding programs [2]. RAPD used to determine the kinship level between aromatic rice. The comparison of both identifications is needed to varieties development or plant breeding of aromatic rice. Aims: To determine the level of kinship and diversity in 10 varieties of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) based on morphological and molecular identification. Materials and Methods: In this study, we determinated the level of kindship of 10 varieties of aromatic rice included Pendok, Pandan Wangi, Rojolele Delanggu, Genjah Arum, Kurik Kusut, Gilirang, Mentik Wangi, Inpari 7, Inpari 23, and Mentik Susu based on morphological and molecular identification. Morphological identification uses 8 variables i.e plant height, number of productive tillers, weight of 100 seeds, age of flowering, age of harvest, shape of grain, colour of grain and colour of rice. The analysis results realized in the form of a dendogram. Molecular identification using RAPD marker with 5 primers included OPB-01, OPB-04, OPB-06, OPB-7 and OPB-17. The DNA band profile translated into binary data with the provision of a value of 0 for no band and 1 for the presence of DNA bands in certain fragments. Both of data analysed into cluster using NTSYSpc software with DIST coefficient for morphological data and Jaccard-s Index for molecular data. The analysis results are realized in the form of dendogram and genetic similarity values. Results: Dendrogram of morphological data showed in 2 clusters, 2 sub-clusters and 2 groups. Cluster I was accopied by Rojolele Delanggu and Pandan Wangi. Cluster II devided into 2 groups. First group include Mentik Susu, Kurik Kusut, Inpari 23, Gilirang, Mentik Wangi, Pendok, Genjah Arum and second group include Inpari 7. Molecular kinship analysis used to determine the level of genetic similarity of 10 aromatic rice varieties based on RAPD-PCR. RAPD uses oligonucleotide primers that will bind to the complement site in the template DNA. The number of DNA bands has been amplified by each primer ranging from 4 to 8 DNA bands or an average 6 bands per pri

Keywords
Aromatic Rice, Genetic Diversity, Morphological Characteristics, and RAPD

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/FPWrvqed8jnB

Corresponding Author
Desy Setyaningrum Setyningrum

Institutions
1) Magister Student of Agronomy, Graduated School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
2) Staff Lecturer in Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
Synthetic dyes can cause health and environmental impacts, thus, there are opportunities to develop natural dyes, one of which is produced by Indigofera tinctoria plants. This plant is from fabaceae that has the potential to produce a natural blue color. Natural dyes are extracted from the leaves of plants that contain indigo compounds. Indigo growth and precursors are very dependent on environmental conditions, one of which is light intensity. This study aimed to study the morphological and physiological plant responses in Indigofera tinctoria to several levels of light intensity. The research was conducted in Puron Village, Sukoharjo with a complete randomized block design (RCBD) one factor namely the level of light intensity (100%, 50% and 25%) with 9 replications. Light intensity affected the morphology and physiology of Indigofera tinctoria. Plants responded to low light intensity by increasing the leaf area index, specific leaf area and plant height. Leaf area, specific leaf area and plant height were highest at 25% intensity. However, the number of leaves and nodes got greater at full light intensity. Higher light intensity increased the chlorophyll content a, b and total, thus, higher biomass yield which was 18.86 g at the age of 8 weeks.

Keywords
plant height, number of nodes, leaf area, specific leaf area, chlorophyll

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/NXMLgDkbmeHc

Corresponding Author
choirul ainiyati

Institutions
1 Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia
1Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center for Development of Advanced Sciences and Technology (CDAST), University of Jember, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember 68121, Indonesia, 2 Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia

Abstract
Background: SCMV (sugarcane mosaic virus) is one of the important pathogens in sugarcane, it-s can reduce sugar production around 30-50% (Dewanti et al., 2015). Genetic engineering is one way to develop virus-resistant plants, and the SCMV-resistant sugarcane has been obtained using PDR (Pathogen Derived Resistance) techniques through genetic transformation (Apriasti et al., 2018). It has been proven that the transgenic sugarcane shows resistance to SCMV infection, but growth performance and sugar production has never been characterized. This study aims to characterize the morphological and sugar production of transgenic sugarcane and comparing to non-transgenic sugarcane. Aims : To characterize of growth performance and sugar content of transgenic sugarcane resistance against mosaic virus. Materials and Methods: This study uses bululawang as a non-transgenic sugarcane, transgenic sugarcane (SCMV-resistant sugarcane by overexpression of the gene encoding the coat protein (CP) of SCMV), and Variety of PS.864 and Ps.881 (sugarcane infected by ScMV as a source of disease). The Sugarcane plants were grown for nine months, naturally-infection of mosaic virus by grown of infected plants between transgenic plant plot. The sugarcane leaves at the age of 3 months were collected for analysis of resistance to mosaic virus using RT-PCR and Western Blot. Morphological traits of transgenic sugarcane were observed for three time at the age three, six, and nine months after planting, whereas brix on stem was measure only at the age nine months after planting Results: The morphological traits include the number of plants, plant height, stem diameter and length of internodes did not show significant difference between sugarcane transgenic compared by Non-transgenic. However, the brix in transgenic sugarcane exhibited enhance compared to non-transgenic sugarcane. Conclusion: The SCMV-resistant sugarcane have not difference of the morphological traits compared to non transgenic sugarcane, whereas the brix on stem enhanced in transgenic sugarcane. References 1. Apriasti R., Widyaningrum, S., Hidayati, W.N., Sawitri, W.D., Darsono, N., Hase, T., Sugiharto, B. 2018. Full Sequence of TheCoatProtein Gene isRequiredforTheInduction of Pathogen-DerivedResistanceAgainstSugarcaneMosaic Virus in TransgenicSugarcane, Molecular BiologyReport. Vol 45:2749-2758. 2. Dewanti, P., Widuri, L.I., Ainiyati,C., Okviandari, P., Maisaro, Sugiharto, B. 2016. Elimination of SCMV (SugarcaneMozaik Virus) and Rapid Propagation of Virus-free Sugarcane (SaccharumofficinarumL) UsingSomaticEmbryogenesis, ProcediaChemistry, Vol 18: 96-102

Keywords
PDR (Pathogen Derived Resistance), Sugarcane Mosaic Virus, SCMV-resistant sugarcane.

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cx3j26KpFMH4

Corresponding Author
Sukmawati Sukmawati

Institutions
Faculty of Agriculture at Nahdlatul Wathan Mataram University

Abstract
This study examines the multiplication of isolate FMA indegenus in corn plants with the culture in pots in the greenhouse. Research will be conducted from August to October 2019 in Greenhouse, laboratory of microbiology of Mataram University and the building of agricultural technology development. This research aims to determine the influence of isolates FMA of dry land and the concentration of application of fertilizer Johnson solution. This research uses isolates of exploration results in the district of Pujut central Lombok which was taken in 4 villages namely Mertak village, Sukadana Village, Kuta Village and Sengkol village. This research is an experimental study with a complete randomized design of factorial with 2 factors, namely the FMA isolate type factor and the concentration of Johnsons nutrient solution with 3 repeats. The first factor with the level without isolate, isolate 1, isolate 2 and isolate 3. While the second factor is the concentration of Johnson 50% nutrient solution and the concentration of Johnson nutrient solution 75%. The results showed that there were differences in crop growth such as crop height and the number of leaves on inter-isolate treatment where isolate 1 gave the highest growth and number of leaves. In the process of identification will be obtained the highest spore-s density on the spores from isolate 1 with spherical shape. The percentage of root infections also showed the highest results in treatment with isolate 1.

Keywords
Dry land; FMA isolate indegenus; spore density; root infection; spore multiplication

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cWJCmgHVpTa4

Corresponding Author
Rudianto Rudianto

Institutions
1, 2, 5, 7, 8 Animal Physiology, Development, and Molecular Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Mulawarman University. Samarinda, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.
(rudi_rsc[at]yahoo.com, rudysatriana[at]yahoo.com, retno_ar[at]yahoo.co.id, annisamukarramah26[at]gmail.com,
ayulianda_putri[at]yahoo.co.id)
6Plant Physiology and Development Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Mulawarman University. Samarinda, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA
(hetty_manroe[at]ymail.com)
3Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA
(ypsman2002[at]yahoo.com)
4Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Mulawarman University. East Kalimantan, INDONESIA
(estieriyadi2011[at]gmail.com)

Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ant nest plant (Myrmecodia sp) is a medicinal plant that contains bioactive compounds such as glycoside, vitamin, mineral, flavonoid, tocopherol, polyphenol and tannin1 which are useful as antioxidant and anticancer. The ant-nest plant also has a high antioxidant activity and medical property2. Previous report stated that the ant-nest plant enhanced growth and blood profiles of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus3, boosted lymphocytes proliferation and macrophage phagocytosis activity 4. Thus, the extract of this ant-nest plant might be potential to be applied as growth enhancer in fish such as Clarias gariepinus. Current research aimed to evaluate the effects of Myrmecodia sp bulb extract (MBE) in the feed of Clarias gariepinus on the growth, visceral índices (hepatosomatic indices/HSI and intestinal somatic índice/ISI), and survival. A group of fish was fed with 0.25; 0.50; 1; 2% MBE (test diet groups) and compared with the control group without MBE supplementation. Five groups including control of three replications (tanks) of fifteen fish (initial weight 27.48±0.16 g) per tank were fed the test and control diets for 75 days. In the end of feeding trial, growth parameters, visceral indices such as intestinosomatic and hepatosomatic índices of the fish were measured. Survival of the all fish was counted every two weeks. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Present findings stated that supplementation MBE higher than 0.25% resulted significantly higher Final weight, biomass weight, BWG, DWG, and AWG. Fish fed 1% of MBE in the diet showed better value of FCR (1.13±0.03) compare to others group. Significantly highest HIS found in the fish fed 0.25% MBE in the diet. However. ISI was found not significantly in any groups of fish fed MBE. Survival rate of all groups was not affected by any concentration of MBE supplementation in the diet of fish. The application of plant extracts in aquaculture to enhance growth has been gaining momentum 5. Plant extracts have several important biologically active compounds such as a flavonoid, alkaloid, triterpenoid, phenolic and tannin 6. The results showed that the MBE supplemented in the diet of C. gariepinus affected their growth status. This might be due to the presence of phytochemical compounds such as flavonoid which is an important secondary metabolite. Table 1. Means±SE of growth parameters and visceral somatic index of Clarias gariepinus fed Myrmecodia pendens bulb ethanolic extract in the diet for 75 days Parameters MBE Supplementation Control 0.25% 0.5% 1% 2% IW (g) 27.38±0.44a 27.24±0.47a 27.68±0.42a 27.53±0.61a 27.54±0.47a FW (g) 85.09±1.23a 86.81±1.90a 142.26±1.62b 138.99±1.81b 137.38±1.10b IBW (g) 412.46±0.27a 411.40±0.24a 394.10±1.67a 413.42±1.71a 413.16±1.14a FBW (g) 1242.38±33.14a 1281.85±21.81a 2021.35±91.71b 2024.38±40.34b 1987.48±26.05b BWG 57.59±1.23a 59.39±1.90a 114.75±1.53b 111.42±3.92b 109.84±1.11b DWG 0.76±0.01a 0.79±0.02a 1.53±0.02b 1.4

Keywords
Keywords: Myrmecodia pendens, bulb, Clarias gariepinus, growth, visceral, survival.

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/mtxh2aMuReQP

Corresponding Author
Rudy Agung Nugroho

Institutions
(1,2,4,5) Animal Physiology, Development, and Molecular Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Mulawarman University. Samarinda, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA

(rudysatriana[at]yahoo.com, retno_ar[at]yahoo.co.id, dianadiahnurti[at]yahoo.com, rudi_rsc[at]yahoo.com)

(3P) lant Physiology and Development Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Mulawarman University. Samarinda, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.
(E-mail:hetty_manroe[at]ymail.com)

Abstract
Myrmecodia or known as ant nest plant is a phytomedicine plant that traditionally used as a health supplement because of its phytochemical1. The phytochemical content such as flavonoid, phenolic, alkaloid, and triterpenoid2 might be a potential bioactive agent for synthesizing nanoparticles. Synthesizing nanoparticle using biological procedure has more advantages such as affordable, cost effective, and free of hazardous components on their surface which is safe to be used for medical purpose. Several studies investigating green synthesize different types of nanoparticles have been carried out by using leaves of the plant such as Garcinia imberti3 and Tinospora cordifolia 4. However, far too little attention has been paid in the ethanolic extract of Myrmecodia sp bulb as capping agent for biosynthesize silver nanoparticle (AgNPs). Thus, the aims of this present work was to characterize the AgNPs, synthesize using ethanolic extract of Myrmecodia sp bulb. Characterization of AgNPs was performed using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transforming infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify possible biomolecules responsible in bioreduction of silver ions. The TEM imaging showed that the average size of resulted AgNPs was approximately 43 nm and has a crystalline spherical form as defined in SEM image. Meanwhile, the XRD analyses also revealed the average size of resulting AgNPs around 43 nm. Further, FTIR analysis green synthesized of AgNPs indicated a strong band at 2167.99 cm−1. In addition, the bands around 3873.06 cm−1, 1612.49 cm−1, and 2337.72 cm−1 indicating –OH, C–C and C=O stretching of hydroxyl groups, alkenes and alkanes, respectively. Present research provides is beneficial in the green biosynthesis of AgNPs using Myrmecodia sp bulb ethanolic extracts, having their AgNPs physical-chemical properties which might useful as antibacteria and other medical purposes.

Keywords
Myrmecodia pendens, silver nanoparticle, characteristics.

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YCAvD78yaWGb

Corresponding Author
Reza Anugrah Mulyatama

Institutions
1Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology (CDAST), Jember University, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember 68121, Indonesia
2Postgraduate Programe in Biotechnology, Jember University, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember 68121, Indonesia
3Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jember University,
Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember 68121, Indonesia
*Sugiharto.fmipa[at]unej.ac.id

Abstract
Background: Sucrose is the end product of photosyntetic carbon asimilation, that exported from source to sink tissue. There are many enzymes involved in sucrose synthesis and accumulation in plant, but sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is believed to be key enzyme for sucrose synthesis. Elevation of SPS activity by the overexpression gene for SPS have been reported increase sucrose content and growth of transgenic plants. The increase sucrose is then used to increase cellular metabolism and stored in plant storage organs (Park et al., 2008). The overexpression of SoSPS1 has been succesfully introduced in several plants such as tomatoes (Dewanti, 2010) and sugarcane (Miswar et al., 2007), resulted in increase of sucrose contain and growth of the transgenic plants. Overexspresion SoSPS1 gene in indica rice plants is expected to increase the synthesis of sucrose and carbon flow to increase the rice growth. Aims: Indica rice overexpression gene SoSPS1 is expected to have a higher sucrose synthesis and has an effect on increasing of growth and production of indica rice plant. Materials and Methods: The materials in using this study Ciherang rice seeds, Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV 3101, SoSPS1 gene construct in plasmid pCL4. Agrobacterium used as a transformation vector carries the SPS gene that has been inserted in the plasmid. The introduction of SoSPS1 gene in rice plant was conducted using Agrobacterium tumefaciens through several steps that are infection, cultivation, selection, and acclimatization of selected plants. Genomic PCR analysis was conducted to ensure that SoSPS1 gene has been integrated into the rice genome. Results: Agrobacterium mediated transformation resulted in 11 putative transgenic rice. The DNA genome was isolated from 11 putative transgenic riceaclimated in green house and used for PCR analysis. The results showed that among 11 transfroman plants, 10 transgenic rice indicate the insertion of SoSPS1 gene in the genome. Transgenic rice that inserted by SoSPS1 gene showed higher growth compared to wild type plants. These results suggest that increasing sucrose in transgenic rice provide carbon and energy for rice growth. Conclusion: From the transformation 10 transgenic rice plants were obtained. Transformation of the sucrose phosphate synthase gene can increase plant growth in indica rice. However detailed analysis is needed to determine the effect of the overexpression of the sucrose phosphate synthase gene.

Keywords
Sucrose, Indica rice, Sucrose phosphate synthase Gene.

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dX2fKxtRMGbg

Corresponding Author
Ade Trisna

Institutions
Universitas Andalas (Andalas University)

Abstract
Palm oil sludge is a by-product of palm oil processing which contains nutritional value for use as a poultry feed supplement. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of palm oil sludge fermented with Pleurotus ostreatus (POSF) on cholesterol and fat content, and egg yolk index of quails feed this supplement . Two hundred 20 week old quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were used in this study which used completely randomized design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Treatment was the FPS content of the feed which varied from 0% FPS for treatment A, 6% for B, 12% for C, 18% for D, and 24% for treatment E. The parameters measured were egg yolk cholesterol (mg / 100g), egg yolk lipid content(%) and yolk index. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the use of fermented palm sludge with Pleurotus ostreatus had a highly significant effect (P <0.01) on egg yolk cholesterol but no significant effect (P> 0.05) on egg yolk fat content or yolk index . Quails fed higher levels of POSF (D,E) produced eggs with highly significantly lower (P <0.01) cholesterol levels than the control. The results of the study suggest quail feed could be supplemented with 24% POSF to effectively reduce egg yolk cholesterol up to 21% but such supplementation is unlikely to have an effect on yolk fat content or yolk index.

Keywords
Palm oil sludge, Pleurotus ostreatus, Cholesterol, Fat, Yolk Index, Quail

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8mYDLfjdHzQe

Corresponding Author
Nuraini Nuraini

Institutions
Universitas Andalas

Abstract
Improving the quality of palm oil waste through fermentation with Phanerochaete chrysosporium (ligninolityc fungi) and Neurospora crassa (carotenogenic fungi) reduced its crude fiber content, especially lignin and cellulose and produced β carotene. Fermented palm oil waste (palm oil sludge and palm kernel cake, 1:1) products was increased their utilization in poultry rations. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of feeding pal oil waste fermented by Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Neurospora crassa on laying performances and egg quality of laying quail. This experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with fife dietary treatments: 0%, 5%, 10%,15% and 20% palm oil waste fermented in the diets and five replications. 200 laying quail Coturnix coturnix japonica (11 week of age) were randomly allocated into 5 treatments (10 birds per treatment) and 4 replications. Diets designed iso nitrogen 20% and iso metabolism energy 2800 kcal/kg. Results of the experiment indicated that feed intake, quail day production, egg weight, egg mass production, feed conversion were not affected (p>0.05) but egg cholesterol was affected (p<0.01) by increasing palm oil waste fermented products in the diet. Conclusion of the experiment that utilization 20% palm oil waste by using Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Neurospora crassa maintained laying performance of quail and reduced egg cholesterol 20.15%.

Keywords
Palm oil waste, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Neurospora crassa, quail laying performances, egg quality

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jDLJteN3Eg7d

Corresponding Author
Bram Brahmantiyo

Institutions
1Assesment Institute for Agricultural Technology of Nort Maluku, Indonesia
brahmantiyo[at]gmail.com
2Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680 Indonesia

Abstract
HyCole and HyLa rabbits were imported by the Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production (IRIAP) in 2012 and 2013. Importation were done to overcome raising demmand on broiler rabbit. HyCole and HyLa rabbits were known as best broiler rabbit and had potentiality as genetic resources to develop Indonesian broiler rabbit like new zealand white that already adapted in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to characterize phenotype of HyCole and HyLa rabbits, in order to evaluate their adaptability in tropical environments, and as genetic resources to develop Indonesian broiler rabbit like new zealand white that were already adapted in Indonesia. Research were held at Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production using 79 heads of adult rabbits (20 heads doe and 20 heads buck of HyCole, 14 heads doe and 12 heads buck of HyLa, and 5 heads of doe and 8 heads buck of new zealand white). A complete randomized design with unbalanced data analysis was used for quantitative traits and descriptive analysis for qualitative traits. Phenotype characterization were done qualitative and quantitative traits. Qualitative characteristics of hair color variation of HyLa rabbit was different than other with 7.7% pointed on their white hair color, and hip type compact of HyCole, HyLa and new zealand white were 90%, 84.6% and 76.9% respectively. Quantitative characteristics of chest size (circumference, depth and width) of HyCole and HyLa rabbits were higher than new zealand white. HyCole and HyLa rabbits had high productivity, therefore they were suitable for broiler rabbit. Crossing of these rabbits with new zealand white rabbit have potential to develop broiler rabbits that adapted in tropical climate.

Keywords
phenotype, HyCole, HyLa, new zealand white

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YkAdZXw3HNrU

Corresponding Author
Choirul Anam

Institutions
University of Muhamadiyah Malang, Indonesia1) 2); University of Jember 3); Darul Ulum Islamic University, Lamongan 4)

Abstract
Abstract. Lamongan Regency as one of the minapolitan areas in East Java. Marine sector fisheries production has increased every year. In fishing operations carried out by fishermen not only fish with high economic value but many fishermen who accidentally catch fish with low economic value commonly referred to as trash fish. Identification of trash fish potential is done by location quotient (LQ) method. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of low commercial value fish species in Lamongan Regency. The processed data included primary and secondary data. Data were processed using the LQ method and analyzed descriptively by way of compiling data into tables. The survey results showed that there are 10 types of low commercial value fish in Lamongan Regency, namely Juwi, Peperek, Puso, Lemuru, Beloso, Kapasan, Tembang, and Lidah fish. The results of the LQ method showe that there are three types of fish that have the potential to be made of high economic value products, namely Peperek fish (11.36), Juwi fish (2.35), and Tembang fish (2.32). TPI that has the potential in terms of fish productivity to be developed is TPI Weru. The typology of fishermen in TPI Weru has less experience working as a fisherman than other TPI but the level of education is higher and the age of fishermen is younger so that it affects the productivity of fish catches. The highest amount of income is found in the fishermen of TPI Brondong. The fishing gear used in catching fish are payang, net, purse seine, fishing line, dogol.

Keywords
low economic, trash fish, method of location quotient

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/eqCNkcfb623P

Corresponding Author
Waode Munaeni

Institutions
1Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University)

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential of Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. extract as prebiotics for aquaculture organisms by in vitro. The bulbs of E. bulbosa was extracted using 96% ethanol by maceration method. The ability of extract of E. bulbosa as a prebiotic were analyzed the activity to stimulating the growth of Pseudoalteromonas piscicida 1Ub and Bacillus sp. NP5, hydrolysis activity of artificial gastric acid and α-amylase. The results showed the oligosaccharides content included inulin, fructooligosaccharide (FOS), galaktooligosaccharide (GOS) and rafinose of 2.1%, 10%, 1% and 7.5%, respectively. The mixed oligosaccharides were found capable to stimulating the growth of Pseudoalteromonas piscicida 1Ub and Bacillus sp. NP5. The optimum extract of E. bulbosa concentration to stimulate the growth of probiotic was 1.25 mg/mL with score of 0.17 ± 0.02 and 0.21 ± 0.00, respectively. The mixed oligosaccharides were also resistant to hydrolysis by artificial gastrice acid and α-amylase, giving maximum hydrolysis of 8.25 ± 0.25% and 27.52 ± 1.68%, respectively. The results of this study showed that extract of E. bulbosa has potential as prebiotics for aquaculture organisms.

Keywords
Eleutherine bulbosa, extract, prebiotic, probiotic

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/nTXc7fYgGFdK

Corresponding Author
Novian Wely Asmoro

Institutions
Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Agricultural Faculty, Universitas Veteran Bangun Nusantara, Sukoharjo

Jl. Letjen Sudjono Humardhani, No.1, Jombor, Sukoharjo, Indonesia. E-mail: novianwelyasmoro[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Abstract More than 50% of Indonesian children have a habit of not eating breakfast or not eating breakfast according to balanced nutritional needs. Though breakfast provides a third of daily nutritional needs. This study aims to see the potential and determine the formulation product of breakfast cereals using Mocaf flour enriched using moringa leaf flour to add nutritional value. The study design used the RAL method with one treatment parameter, namely the addition of dry Moringa leaf flour as much as 0% as a control, 5%, 10% and 15% (w/w). Each treatment used 4 experimental units. Product analysis includes testing the nutritional value and organoleptic testing. The data obtained were analyzed using statistics on the SPSS 17 program with the Anova program and if there were significant differences between the treatments continued with the DMRT test. The results indicated that cereal formulations can be made from a mixture of mocaf flour and moringa leaf flour. Moisture content is 7.02% and ash content is 1.97%. The addition of moringa leaves increases the nutritional value of cereal products made from mocaf flour.

Keywords
breakfast, cereal, moringa leaves, nutrition, organoleptic.

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/VWFBxwYmqv7p

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Zul Mazwan

Institutions
Agribusiness Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Muhammadiyah University Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
ABSTRACT Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L) is one of the leading horticultural commodities that has been intensively cultivated by the farmers. This vegetable commodity belongs to the group of non-substituted herbs that serve as food seasoning and traditional medicine. The demand for shallot continues to increase as the population increases In Indonesia, most of its territories own or produce shallot. Based on the average production in 2011-2015, shallot production were centralized in Central Java Province, East Java, West Java and West Nusa Tenggara. These four provinces contributed to 85.33% of the total production of Indonesia-s shallot. The increase in production was related to an increase in harvested area by 7.16% per year and productivity up to 1.05% per year (Kementerian Pertanian, 2016). Increasing consumption, needs, and demand of shallot encourages farmers to produce shallot. However, the production still cannot cover the demand for shallot intensively causing relatively fluctuating prices. In addition, shallot is also a seasonal commodity and is susceptible to pest and disease. It is known that shallot is one of the commodities that can generate high income but is accompanied by production risks and high price risk (Lawalata, Darwanto, & Hartono, 2017). This study aims to determine the risk of production of shallot farming in Ngantang, Malang Regency. The research was conducted in Purworejo Village, Ngantang District. The selection of research site was determined purposively. The data used in this study were primary and secondary data. Research was conducted on September – November 2018. The sample in this study was 80 farmers determined by purposive sampling method. The risk of shallot production was determined by the analysis of the coefficient variations (CV). Method to calculate the coefficient variations (CV) is presented as follows: CV = = where: CV = coefficient variations = standard deviation of yield = average of yield (kg) n = total of sample The value of coefficient variation showed the level of production risk on shallot farming. The low variation coefficient value indicated that the average value variability in the distribution was low. This illustrates the risk that will be faced to obtain such low-level production. In contrast, the value of the large variation coefficient indicated that the average value variability in shallot farming was high and illustrated the risk faced by large average farmers. The result of risk analysis can be seen in Table 1, the coefficient of variation was 37,54 indicating that the risk of shallot production in Ngantang, Malang Regency had the variation value of 37,54%. Table 1. Production Risk of Shallot Farming Variable Production Risk Mean of Production 5321.25 Standard deviation 1997.604 Coefficient Variation 0.3754 CV (%) 37.54 Source: Primary Data Analysis, 2018 The results showed that the coefficient of variation was 37.54, indicating that the produ

Keywords
coefficient variation, production risk, shallot

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/4EV6CdLru7kK

Corresponding Author
Rita Dwi Ratnani

Institutions
Wahid Hasyim University

Abstract
INTRODUCTION Environmental sustainability around Rawa pening has changed due to the density of water hyacinth weeds. Water hyacinth experiences very rapid growth due to eutrophication. Eutrophication is the presence of excess nutrients in the form of nitrate and phosphate which are sourced from agricultural activities, fisheries, settlements and livestock from the land around the lake. This is what causes the growth of water hyacinth very quickly, in a short time to multiply1. To control and utilize water hyacinth, one of them is by using pyrolysis technology. Biomass pyrolysis is carried out at high temperatures. Pyrolysis comes from two words namely pyro and lysis, which means decomposition. Biomass pyrolysis is usually carried out at temperatures above 150 °C. Pyrolysis is divided into two based on the level of the process, namely primary and secondary. Primary pyrolysis takes place at temperatures less than 600 °C. The main result is carbon or charcoal. Primary pyrolysis is further divided into two namely fast and slow pyrolysis primary. Slow primary pyrolysis occurs at 150-300 °C heating. The results obtained in this condition are carbon, water, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Rapid primary pyrolysis that occurs at temperatures over 300 °C will produce gas, carbon and steam2. Secondary pyrolysis is that occurs at temperatures above 600 °C. at this temperature the result is carbon monoxide, hydrogen, hydrocarbons and Tar around 1-6% 3.4. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition of Rawapenings water hyacinth and study the effect of pyrolysis time on the volume of liquid smoke products. The stages of the research carried out are as follows: Water hyacinth is cut into pieces with a size of about 2-3 cm and then a pyrolisator is added. A total of 700 g of water hyacinth sample into the pyrolysator is stainless steel. The dependent variable in this study is the type of water hyacinth that has been dried in the sun. Water hyacinth is taken from Rawapening. In testing the chemical composition observed is the content of hemicellulose, cellullose and lignin. The independent variables are at temperatures of 117 °C, 400 °C and 683 °C. The volume of liquid smoke that comes out after passing through the condenser is recorded in volume. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results of observations of the chemical composition of the water hyacinth Rawapening can be seen in Figure (a). The chemical composition of the water hyacinth that was observed to have hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin content respectively was 36, 21 and 7 percent dry weight. In the picture also explained the chemical composition of other materials, namely wood kers, soft wood, coconut shell and cassava stems. So it can be believed that the results obtained from observations made in the integrated laboratory Undip show that water hyacinth can be used as raw material for liquid smoke. Biomass containing lignocellullose when undergoing pyrolysis p

Keywords
Liquid smoke, lignocellulose, pyrolysis, water hyacinth

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/K3hNkwQJEPVB

Corresponding Author
Ganjar Adhywirawan Sutarjo

Institutions
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Abstract
Recombinant growth hormone (rGH) is a product produced by combining genes that are desired artificially (clones) outside the body with the help of cell transformers, in this case growth genes from target fish are isolated and transformed with the help of microbes, such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus, Streptomyces, and Saccharomyces. Utilization of the hormone RGH is to accelerate growth and increase endurance of fish seed. The increase in growth acceleration is triggered by where the hormone rGH will trigger organs associated with growth to increase its growth. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications with the volume of water used 30 liters of water and aquarium size 40x30x25 cm ^ 3 each treatment, at a dose of 0 ml / kg (control), 1 mg / kg, 2 mg / kg kg, 3 mg / kg, and 4 mg / kg. The administration of 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, and 4 mg/kg of rGH hormone to commercial feed can affect the growth rate of the discolored wader seed growth. The study is seen in terms of SGR (Specific Growth Rate), Daily Length Growth, SR (Survival Rate) and FCR (Food Convention Rate). The optimal dose for the growth performance of the cakul wader fish seeds. in the treatment of P3 (2 mg/kg), it can be concluded that the higher dose does not necessarily have the effect of increasing high growth. Therefore, the administration of the hormone RGH must be in accordance with the right dose.

Keywords
Wader (Puntius binotatus), Hormon rGH, SGR, Growth

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yqBMKcZG2wHV

Corresponding Author
Hamdi Rosyidi

Institutions
Department of Postgraduate Program, University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Abstract
The success of various development programs can be done by utilizing the group approach strategy. The group approach at the fishermen level is done through a group of fishermen or commonly referred to as a pillars of fishermen. The fishermen group has a strategic position in realizing the independence of the members in the continuation of capture fisheries agribusiness activities. Therefore fishing groups must have the ability to determine and influence the behavior of groups and their members. In this case independence can be grown through the existence of group dynamics. This study aims to examine the influence of group dynamics on the independence of farmer group members in capture fisheries agribusiness, examine the factors that influence group dynamics and the independence of fishing group members in capture fisheries agribusiness activities. This research has been carried out in Blimbing Fisherman Association in Paciran Subdistrict, Lamongan Regency, East Java Province from February to March 2019. This type of research is a survey research with a population of Blimbing Fisherman Association members who are one of the fishermen groups with the most number of 17 fishermen groups in Lamongan Regency. The sample of the study was determined as many as 45 respondents by random sampling method. Research variables include age (X1), level of formal education (X2), length of work (X3), availability of capital assistance (X4), role of extension workers (X5), availability of information (X6), group dynamics (Y1) and fishermens independence. in capture fisheries agribusiness activities (Y2). Data analysis techniques using descriptive analysis using class intervals and path analysis to determine the significant and insignificant influence between variables. The results showed that group dynamics did not significantly influence the independence of fishermen in capture fisheries agribusiness. Factors that significantly influence group dynamics are the level of formal education and capital availability. Then the factors that significantly influence the independence of the group are fisheries facilitators. The correlation between independent variables that significantly influence the age of the level of formal education, age to length of work, level of formal education to length of work and level of formal education to the availability of capital.

Keywords
group dynamics, fishermen independence

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bhWXZmVaUKn9

Corresponding Author
Agus Firmansyah

Institutions
Forestry Department, Unibversity of Muhammadiyah Malang
PT. Ekosistem Khatulistiwa Lestari

Abstract
Proboscis Monkey Habitat (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb) in the area of IUPHHK-RE PT. Ekosistem Khatulistiwa Lestari experiences pressure and disruption due to human activities, resulting in a decrease in habitat quality and quantity. Seeing these conditions, it is necessary to take action to protect the habitat of proboscis monkeys and their populations. To support efforts to save and protect the proboscis monkey habitat and its population, information is needed on the area chosen by proboscis monkey as its suitable habitat in the IUPHHK-RE PT. Ekosistem Khatulistiwa Lestari through Geography Information System (GIS). The study was conducted using a field observation method and analyzed the thematic maps of each variable used, such as river thematic maps, plantation thematic maps, and canopy cover thematic maps (NDVI). The data analysis method used in estimating the suitability of Proboscis monkey habitat in this study was logistic regression analysis. This logistic regression analysis is basically built in order to predict the dependent variable or response, which is a binary variable and categorical, using independent variables that are categorical or of a continuous size scale which are known in magnitude. The logistic regression formula obtained is P = 1 / (1 + e ^ (- (3,9- (0,003 * JPE) - (12,690 * NDVI))) The spatial model built from the opportunity value of the logistic regression calculation using SPSS 23 software obtained the opportunity data distribution value in the lowest pixel (X1) 0 and the highest (Xn) 1, with an average of 0.537 and standard deviation (sd) 0.439. Based on the values of Xn and X1, the intervals of each class are determined using the formula c = (Xn - X1) / k, so that 3 classes of suitability are obtained, namely low compatibility with an area of 664.83 ha (27.26%), medium suitability class with 124 , 28 ha (5.1%) and high suitability class with an area of 1,649.32 ha (67.64%). The habitat component favored by proboscis monkeys is high canopy cover which is used as a playground and also a bed, close to water sources to meet water needs and away from plantations where there is high community activity.

Keywords
Proboscis monkeys, Habitat suitability, Logistic Regression

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/umECW9gMn6ce

Corresponding Author
Jono Suhartono

Institutions
Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung

Abstract
Heavy metals are metallic elements with high molecular weight and these substituents are toxic to living things even at low levels. Heavy metal pollution is very harmful to environment, especially for water-rich areas. These heavy metal pollutions originate from the industrial wastes that are dumped into the river. In this study, the concentration of heavy metals is decreased by using ozonation which uses the addition of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) to produce hydroxyl radicals (OH ● ) as a strong oxidizing agent. This method is known as Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP). The purpose of this research is to study the effects of the types of heavy metals and the process variables that are used such as the addition of H 2 O 2 temperature operation and pH condition. The study, show that iron, copper and manganese can be removed with AOP technology, the addition of H 2 O 2 , operating temperature and pH condition is able to accelerate the metals reduction. Background: Heavy metal pollutions are very dangerous to the environment especially on water body area. The heavy metal pollutants may harm either to human or to the ecosystem of the water itself (Supriharyono, 2000; Soemirat, 2005). Sastrawijaya, 2000 wrote that environment pollutions occur due to the addition of either living things, substances, energy or any other components to the environment which change the environment balance and decrease the quality of the environmental function. Many methods have been introduced to minimize the heavy metal pollutions such as sedimentation, filtration, adsorption and elimination using microbiology. Another promising technology in reducing heavy metal pollutions is using oxidation to get precipitated heavy metal then combined with filtration. Chlorine commonly used as the oxidation agent, however the present of other chlorination products in the water have also become another concern for human health. Nowadays, ozone has become a popular oxidation agent for removal impurities in water since ozone has strong oxidation ability either to organic or inorganic compounds. Ozone reactions are selective thus elimination of impurities may take longer times. The presence of ozone in water can produce stronger oxidant than ozone itself which is called as hydroxyl radical (OH • ). The reactions of hydroxyl radical or often called as Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) are unselective and will provide faster reaction for heavy metal eliminations. Aims: In this research, the effect of hydrogen peroxide addition, pH and temperature operation of AOP were studied to obtain optimum operation condition for ferrous (Fe), cuprous (Cu) and manganese (Mn) heavy metal elimination. Materials and Methods: The standard ferrous, cuprous and manganese were purchased from Merck, Indonesia whilst hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide, and nitric acid were purchased from Sakura Chemical, Indonesia. The ozone was generated from ozone generator (Ozontech, South Korea) whilst the

Keywords
AOP, Heavy metals, Hydrogen Peroxide, Temperature, Water Treatment.

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9TaPwMxqHtKL

Corresponding Author
Haris Setyaningrum

Institutions
*1Department of Agrotechnology, University of Darussalam Gontor, INDONESIA.
(E-mail: haris. setyaningrum[at]unida.gontor.ac.id)
2, 3, 4 Department of Islamic Economic, University of Darussalam Gontor, INDONESIA.
(E-mail: atikamasrifah[at]unida.gontor.ac.id; adibsusilo[at]unida.gontor.ac.id; haryadi[at]unida.gontor.ac.id)

Abstract
The case of waste from rind durian in Ngrogung, Ngebel, Ponorogo increased significantly per year. Agglomerations and decomposition of rind durian surrounding agropark caused several loss including air pollution and bad view in parka areas. Decomposition of rind durian is very important to reduce the impact. Local government as responsible component so far no having special composter to overcome this rising issue. Design and build a composter is very important to overcome waste problem in Ngebel and surrounding areas. Kampung Durian is an integrated agropark with Ngebel which become new destination of tour. It-s located 1,5 km from Ngebel lake and potential to develop as agropartk including with rind composter. The Micro composter house of Kampung durian consisted three main components. First component is drying area with cemented ground. drying area are setting to accommodated one tone wet and fresh rind durian per day from surrounding areas of agropark. Second is Machine house with one tone material capacity per day. Thirds is composter house consisted with composter tube and packing area (Fig. 1). The micro composter house result showed cleaning agglomeration of rind from Ngebel lake and surrounding areas besides the liquid organic fertilizer and compost. Single cyle of composter are run for 30 days effectively in dry season. The 100 liters liquid organic fertilizer are resulted in a cycle of composter. While, ± 50 kg compact compost are resulted during a cycle of composter. The result of composter so far give an direct impact for controlling waste problems in Ngebel and surrounding areas with limitation in capacity.

Keywords
Rind, Durian, Micro composter, Kampung Durian, Ngebel, Ponorogo

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/QdYVFaHBcWTu

Corresponding Author
Septi Nur Wulan Mulatmi

Institutions
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Abstract
Contract farming is a form of business cooperation between two or more parties (core companies with farmers) in a certain period of time to help farmers provide production facilities in the form of seeds, feed, medicines, vaccines, vitamins and marketing of livestock products to gain mutual benefits. The superiority of the partnership pattern is as a partner to share the risk burden of production between core companies and small farmers. The risk of production in broiler chicken farming includes DOC quality, feed, and disease. Therefore, production risk management must be able to manage these factors well so they cannot cause losses. The material in this research is thirty partnership farmers in Blitar Regency. The method used is a survey by observation and interview. The sources of data used are primary and secondary data sources from the results of interviews and observations. The analysis used is production risk analysis to determine the level of production risk in Blitar Regency and descriptive analysis to find out the production risk management used by partnership farmers in Blitar Regency. The results of this study can be concluded that the risk of production in Blitar Regency is categorized as high risk caused by death. Meanwhile, production risk management carried out by farmers in Blitar Regency to reduce mortality is spraying disinfectants.

Keywords
Contract Farming, Broiler, Production Risk, Production Risk Management

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/L6Dqe2GUAv4r

Corresponding Author
Suwati Suwati

Institutions
Department Agriculture Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram, INDONESIA

Abstract
Background: In Indonesia, seaweed has a very important role in improving the welfare of coastal communities. As a source of nutrition, seaweed consist of carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber and ash, vitamin, and beta-carotene. Good drying methods is needed to preserve the quality of dried seaweed. Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the trend of weight reduce during seaweed drying using natural and cabinet drying Materials and Methods: The method used is experimental in field and laboratory. The result of the study were analyzed using simple linear regression to formulate a trend of reducing weight seaweed while drying Results: The result showed that the weight reduce seaweed by natural method can be illustrated by the regression linear equation Y = -2,3853X + 943,65 with R2 = 0,9859 which mean a reduce seaweed i.e. 2,3853 gram per minutes during 6 hour. While the weight reduce seaweed by cabinet dryer method can be illustrated by the regression linear equation Y = Y = -0,8588X + 913,55 with R2 = 0,9315 which mean a reduce seaweed i.e. 0,8588 gram per minutes during 6 hour. Conclusion: Reduction of seaweed weight per minute by natural drying method is higher than cabinet drying method, but cabinet drying method is more stable because does not depend on the weather while drying process.

Keywords
cabinet dryer, natural, rate, seaweed, weight reduce

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/chmWCJ34yEPp