Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Latifah Hanum Kusumastuti

Institutions
Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

Abstract
The establishment of The Indonesian Constitutional Court (Mahkamah Konstitusi-MK) in 2003 is often considered as one significant achievement of the most recent Constitutional amendment (1999-2002). This new Court has significant authorities in protecting the constitutional rights of the citizens and upholding the norms of the Constitution. MK has five constitutional authorities i.e. settling dispute in general election; settling the dispute competence among state institutions; conducting constitutional review, dissolving political parties and providing legal opinion in presidential impeachment process. As a newly established legal institution, MK needs all necessary laws and regulations to exercise its constitutional mandates. These include the Constitution and other relevant legislation such as the MK Law and the Judicial Powers Law. In general, the work of MK, both substantive (material) and procedural (formal) law, is regulated in specific law namely Law No 24 of 2003 on Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia (MK Law) which was then amended by Law 8/2011. The substantive law regulates things such as the authorities of the Court, the types of Court rulings, and the impact of the court rulings. Formal law regulates the procedures in upholding the substantive law. Procedural law explains about all necessary steps in cnducting litigation in the MK starting from submitting a petition to the Court, the preliminary examination, up to the court delivering its decisions. Besides Constitution, MK Law and other relevant laws such as the Law on Judicial Powers (kekuasaan kehakiman), the work of MK is also guided by the PMK, Peraturan Mahkamah Konstitusi (Constitutional Court Regulation). The PMK aims to further elaborate provisions stated in MK Law such as elaborating the MK authorities and explaining in detail the procedures to conduct litigation in MK. Even though the regulations related to MK and procedures to litigate in MK are somewhat many, in practice in conducting its responsibilities especially in dealing with cases before it, it is often that the existing regulations are insufficient. In such situation, it is not possible for MK to decline such cases on the ground that the existing legislation do not address such cases (Ius Curia Novit). The question then how will MK handle the case when the existing laws and regulations do not address such cases? Does MK refer to other sources in deciding the cases? Does foreign laws or treaties influence the decision of the Indonesian Constitutional Court? If so, how do foreign law and treaties influence the decision of the Indonesian Constitutional Court? This paper intends to answer the above questions. In addressing the questions, the paper will first briefly descript the background of the establishment of the MK and some influences from other countries experiences in regard to constitutional court. The paper then will examine the relevant regulations related to MK ranging from Constitution up to PMK (MK regulation). Next, the paper will analyse selected cases submitted to MK in order to answer whether in certain cases, in deciding novel cases MK consider the norms of foreign law and treaties. The paper will end with conclusion and recommendation.

Keywords
Foreign Laws, Domestic Court, Constitutional Court

Topic
ASIAN Conference on Comparative Laws

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Tz8RgUCxbBf6

Corresponding Author
Sitauli Dewikristi Siallagan

Institutions
(a) Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok 16424, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract
Airline is a low profit margin and high competition industry. One of the major cost in the airline industry is jet-fuel cost. Like most of commodities, jet-fuel price is highly volatile which encourages companies to engage in hedging activities. This paper examines the impact of operational and financial hedging to airline operating performance. We perform an empirical study by using the airline data from 2013 to 2017. To test the impact of hedging in airline operating performance, we regress the operating cost to revenue ratio, operational hedging, financial hedging and other control variables. This study found that financial derivative hedge can reduce the dollar needed to generate airline revenue, while the operational hedging increase it.

Keywords
Airline, Airline performance, Fuel Hedging, Operational Hedging, Financial Hedging

Topic
Management

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ADQH34L7bnpE

Corresponding Author
Mirwan Perdhana

Institutions
*Faculty of Economics and Business and Center for Career and Capacity Development Studies, (CAREERS), Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto, S. H., Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
** Master of Management, Diponegoro University Jl. Erlangga Tengah 17 Semarang 50241, Central Java, Indonesia

Abstract
Establishing new business could be challenging, especially when the type of the business is prevalent. Nevertheless, this study managed to investigate the hurdles and challenges in building a small business in culinary sector. Utilizing a qualitative case study approach, this study explores the hurdles, challenges and key success factors in establishing a culinary business. A local culinary family business in the city of Semarang that has been established for 14 years became the case study, with both the owner and his wife as the main participants of the study. Quality management in the production process, marketing strategy and financial management strategy are among success factors determining the sustainable competitive advantage in the culinary business. Implication for management theory and practice were discussed.

Keywords
Small Business, Family Business, Culinary Business, Qualitative Case Study, Restaurant

Topic
Management

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/TM6UQmuRb2Ac

Corresponding Author
Verinita Verinita

Institutions
Andalas University

Abstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of destination image and destination personality on behavioral intention. This study used a sample of 130 respondents with the criteria for the samples taken were domestic tourists who were visiting Gandoriah Pariaman beach. This study uses a sampling method with purposive sampling method The results of the study show that the destination image does not have a positive effect on the behavioral intention and destination personality which has a positive effect on behavioral intention. This indicates that the destination image does not have a positive influence on behavioral intention. This is because the coast of Gondariah, located in the city of Pariaman, is a new trainee destination so it is not popularly known by tourists. Destination personality has a positive effect on behavioral intention. This means that tourists visiting Gondariah Beach in Pariaman City feel happy that it influence their intention to behave again in the future. To increase tourist visits can be recommended to managers of tourist destinations in order to add tourist attractions so that it can add to the appeal of the coast of Gondariah in the future through the addition of play facilities for children

Keywords
destination image, destination personality, behavioral intention, attraction

Topic
Marketing Management

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/K3ken7mGQXwD

Corresponding Author
Dadang Agus Suryanto

Institutions
Student Of Doctoral Program in Management Sience School Of Postgraduates Of Unversitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Abstract
The experience of the global economic crisis and the era of financial technology in the business of bank financial services has encouraged banks in Indonesia to optimize non-interest income. However, as an intermediary institution, banks in Indonesia still have to run their main business, namely channeling loans to those who need them. The present study seeks to empirically examine the phenomenon of bank income in the period 2013 – 2017 using the structure-conduct-performance theory. The results of the study found that the banks- interest income in Indonesia can be explained by the variable of loan market share, bank efficiency supported by economic growth in a positive direction. Likewise, the banks- non-interest income in Indonesia can be explained by ownership of ATMs, bank efficiency supported by economic growth in a positive direction. The linearity of the influence of the independent variables included in the structural and behavioral aspects of the performance aspects shows that the explanation of changes in interest income and non-interest income can be explained by the structure-conduct-performance theory.

Keywords
Structure of Bank Income, Interest Income, Non-Interest Income, Structure-Conduct-Performance

Topic
Financial Management and Accounting

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xpfFkdMuXZh6

Corresponding Author
Romat Saragih

Institutions
School of Communication & Business, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia
School of Economic & Business, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract
This study analyzes the relationship between intrinsic motivation, job satisfaction, and turnover intention in the textile organization. High employee turnover rates can harm the organization that they have to replace the departing employee. This replacement will need cost, time, and effort. In the end, it will impact on organization performance. The textile industry faces an enormous amount of turnover due to low entry and exit barriers for employees. We distributed 200 questionnaires to the human resources department and get 150 useable responses. We examined the mediation of job satisfaction in the relationship between intrinsic motivation and turnover intention using the Macro Process and SPSS. The results showed that intrinsic motivation and job satisfaction had a significant and negative effect on turnover intention. While intrinsic motivation positively affecting job satisfaction. The result from the mediation analysis found that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between the intrinsic motivation and turnover intention variables. Thus, an organization needs to improve motivation and job satisfaction levels. Another important thing is an organization also needs to watch the labor market to make sure that their offer can match the competitor so their employees will not be attracted by competitors.

Keywords
Intrinsic Motivation, Job Satisfaction, Turnover Intention

Topic
Organizational Behavior, Leadership and Human Resources Management

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Vhtn6TxAHdGL

Corresponding Author
Gemala Hardinasinta

Institutions
(a) Graduate school, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
(b) Department of Agricultural Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
*salengke[at]unhas.ac.id

Abstract
Ohmic heating is considered as a novel technology for pasteurization. Ohmic heating rate is highly influenced by the electrical conductivity of the products. The heating rate and the stability of anthocyanin during ohmic heating need to be investigated in order to analyze the viability of ohmic heating for pasteurization of mulberry juice. Mulberry juice was heated using three different temperatures (80, 85 and 90 degree Celsius) during 90 minutes. Electrical conductivity of mulberry juice increased from 0.014 S/m at the initial of heating (32 degree Celsius) to 0.033 S/m at 90 degree Celsius and the average heating rate was 0.568 degree C/s. The heating rate and electrical conductivity increased linearly with the increased in temperature. Degradation kinetic of anthocyanin followed the first order kinetic models with coefficient of determination value over 0.9. The k value of anthocyanin degradation increases along with the increasing of temperature ranging from 0.008/min to 0.015/min. Anthocyanin shows relatively high temperature dependence with 135.83 kJ/mol energy activation value. Based on the heating rates obtained from this study, ohmic heating could be used as an alternative pasteurization method for mulberry juice.

Keywords
Ohmic heating; mulberry juice; electrical conductivity; vitamin C; anthocyanin; degradation kinetics

Topic
Postharvest and food engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/GUEnfxPtMaqj

Corresponding Author
Dian Haryati

Institutions
Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Gelatine basically is a pure protein food ingredient, obtained from thermal denaturation of collagen from animals. Gelatine is used as a stabilizer, gelling agent, binder, thickener, emulsifier, adhesive, whipping agent, and edible coating food wrap. Protein levels in fish skin determine the amount of collagen contained in skin tissue, so the Rabbitfish skin has a great potential as a source of collagen to be hydrolyzed into gelatine. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of gelatine produced from Rabbitfish skin by enzymatic extraction as well as to determine the best treatment of a combination of enzyme concentrations and extraction time. Gelatine production was carried out by hydrolysis using Bromelain enzyme at a level of 1%, 1.5% and 2% with the extraction time of 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours. The result obtained was gelatine with rendement ranging from 3,13 up to 5,83%, the water content ranged from 0,17 up to 3,56%, ash content 0,35 up to 3,65%, and protein levels ranged from 91 up to 94,72%. The chemical characteristics of gelatine from Rabbitfish skin have a yield of up to 6%, water content less than 6%, ash content less than 4% and protein content reaching 94%. The best treatment was obtained at 1% enzyme concentration and 4 hours extraction time, yielded gelatine with a protein content of 94,72%.

Keywords
Bromelain enzyme, gelatine, Rabbitfish

Topic
Postharvest and food engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9vRq8zjbTrae

Corresponding Author
MAYSKE RINNY LIANDO

Institutions
a) Universitas Negeri Manado, Pasca Sarjana Unima, Tomohon, Sulawesi Utara
*mayske_rinny[at]yahoo.com
b) Sekolah Tinggi Teologi IKAT, Jakarta
*donnaawana[at]yahoo.com
c) Universita Negeri Manado, Tomohon, Sulawesi Utara
d) Universita Negeri Manado, Tomohon, Sulawesi Utara
e) Universitas Negeri Manado, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Unima, Tomohon, Sulawesi Utara

Abstract
Based on the results of research conducted in fifth grade elementary school. In learning Bahasa about poetry reading there are problems such as students not yet able to understand how to read poetry because the teachers role is still lacking during the learning process so that students look bored and less interested, even most students are not serious about learning. Therefore, it is necessary to have the right model to improve the learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to improve the outcomes of learning Bahasa especially in how to read poetry. The method used in this research is class Action Research which refers to the method developed by Kemmis and McTaggart (Aqib Zainal, 2006:31). This research model consists of four main components, namely: a) planning, b) implementation of action, c) observation, d) reflection. The results of the study were carried out by applying the learning model, the results achieved in the first cycle were 57.14% and the second cycle reached 88%. The research results achieved by applying the learning model are, in the first cycle is 57.14% and the second cycle is 88%. Based on these results, the researcher draws the conclusion that: The application of Direct Learning models can improve the learning outcomes of Bahasa.

Keywords
Learning Model; Learning Outcomes; Bahasa

Topic
Teachers Education Model in Future

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cxLd6UPWMz2A

Corresponding Author
Sarah Dina

Institutions
State University Of Medan,
Faculty Of Economy
Graduate program

Abstract
Indonesia which classified to developing country has a particular characteristic in low productivity level of input labor. The gap of economic growth between developing and developed countries become higher. Since then, all of the developing countries want to reach convergence with developed countries. The productivity level is a major key to accelerate the rate of economic growth in every country. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) towards economic growth in Indonesia both short-term and long-term periods of 1994-2017. The analytical method which used in this research is Error Correction Model (ECM). Error Correction Model (ECM) is used to analyze economic growth both in the short term and in the long term. Estimation results show that in the short-term both the variable capital accumulation, the regional minimum wage and total factor productivity growth affect Indonesias economic growth but in the long-term, there are two variables that influence positive that are insignificant investment, the Regional Minimum wage affects economic growth in Indonesia. And Total Factor Productivity growth in the long-term have a positive and significant influence on economic growth in Indonesia. Thus, it can be concluded that Total Factor Productivity is the main determining factor affecting economic growth in Indonesia.

Keywords
Economic Growth, Investment, Wages, Total Factor Productivity (TFP), Error Correction Model (ECM).

Topic
Economics, Business and Management Education

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/G4BKd3RM7Fwp

Corresponding Author
POPPY AMALIA

Institutions
a) Mathematics Education, State University of Medan
Jl. Willem Iskandar Pasar V Medan 20221, Indonesia
*amaliapoppy[at]gmail.com
b) Faculty of Mathematics Education, State University of Medan
Jl. Willem Iskandar Pasar V Medan 20221, Indonesia

Abstract
This study aims to: 1) Produce qualified learning materials which is developed based on Problem Based Learning for class XI SMK Swasta Ar-Rahman Medan; 2) Analyze the improvement of students mathematic problem solving ability which is learned using Problem Based Learning materials. This research is a development research using the Thiagarajan 4-D development model. Trials of learning materials based on Problem Based Learning were conducted three times to obtain quality devices. The first trial was conducted in class XI TKJ 1, the second trial was conducted in class XI TKJ 2 and the disseminate stage in class XI AK. From the results of the study obtained: 1) Problem Based Learning based learning materials that are taught have good quality at the stage of dissemination; 2) The ability to solve mathematical problems learned by using Problem Based Learning devices is increased during the disseminate stage.

Keywords
Problem Based Learning; Mathematical problem solving ability; Development of learning materials; 4-D models

Topic
Mathematics,Science and Nursing Education

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/E6c7UmztMr9X

Corresponding Author
amal syahril sihombing

Institutions
Post Graduated University of Medan

Abstract
This study aims: (1) Provide an alternative table tennis learning model; (2) Increase the spirit of play; (3) Enriching student movements; (4) Improving effective student movements; (5) Provide input to sports and health physical education teachers for table tennis learning material. Subject collection techniques were purposively Cluster Random Sampling in Class VIII Middle School Students. The data to be used are qualitative data obtained as a whole from the results of questionnaires and portfolios, then it is changed using quantitative data, then made in the form of criticism or input from experts verbally or in writing for product revision materials and research will transform quantitative data into qualitative. Instruments that will be used in developing products are data, observation, interviews, questionnaires. Data analysis techniques used quantitative descriptive analysis techniques with percentages. The results of the study show that: (1) Development of the rules of table tennis game through modification of the game regulation model, students can learn effectively and efficiently so that the problems so far in school learning are due to deficiencies or problems with infrastructure can be modified in the field; (2) Modified game regulation model is expected so that students in learning table tennis game material with rules that can actually be modified according to regulations that have been tested from small groups and large group trials.

Keywords
modification, game rules, table tennis

Topic
Curriculum, Research and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Gb2yDBL6pPNR

Corresponding Author
M BASIR HASIBUAN

Institutions
a) Kacabdis Pendidikan Sunggal North Sumatera
*hasibuanbasirm[at]gmail.com
b) Dosen Universitas Negeri Medan
c) Dosen Universitas Negeri Medan

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the use of resources used related to the implementation process of New Student Admission Policy (PPDB) and To find out the organization related to the implementation of Online New Student Admission (PPDB) policy in Upper Middle School in the Education Agency North Sumatra Province. The method used in this study is a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. The location of this research was conducted at the North Sumatra Provincial Education Office in Teuku Cik Ditiro No.1 SMAN 1 Sunggal consisting of Student Parents, Students, operators. Data collection techniques are interviews, documentation. Data Analysis Techniques are Data Reduction, Data Presentation, and Conclusion Withdrawal. From the results of the research found in the use of resources in the implementation of new student admissions (PPDB) Online, the education office authorized to implement this policy uses human resources by empowering 9 outside programmers and one from within the education office to design the PPDB Online website system. Empowering the Ministry of Communication and Information. While the problem of organizing is a task of the education office as an organization which is tasked with managing the problem of education in order to improve its services to the community.

Keywords
New student admissions, online, resources

Topic
Educational Policy and Administration Education

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/rMFw7e4Hgyn8

Corresponding Author
ANGGUN LESTARI TANJUNG

Institutions
Postgraduate Program, Medan State University

Abstract
The approach of this research is carried out qualitatively, meaning the research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of words from people or observed behavior. The research subjects were physical education teachers in the Binjai City SLB and a number of mentally disabled students. This is because penjas teachers and students are people who have enough information as the main informant. The main informant was the subject who experienced and supported the implementation of the physical education learning process at the SLB in Binjai City. Then supported by the subject of the principal and parents. So the number of research subjects is 8 people. The object of research in this paper covers the study of difficulties in physical education learning in mentally disabled children. The study was conducted at the location in Binjai SLB and SDLBN 027701 Binjai so that the speakers were easier to conduct interviews and observations. The focus of the problem in this study is on the difficulties that occur in physical education learning in mild mentally retarded children in Binjai City SLB. This study aims to obtain a comprehensive picture of the process of implementing physical education in mild mentally retarded children in Binjai City such as: 1) To describe the analysis of the implementation of physical education in mild mentally retarded children in Binjai City. 2) To describe the difficulties in implementing physical education can occur in mildly retarded children in Binjai City. Keywords: mental retardation, physical education, adaptive physical education.

Keywords
mental retardation, physical education, adaptive physical education

Topic
Curriculum, Research and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pqDv7HREac3d

Corresponding Author
ZULHAMRI ABDULLAH

Institutions
Universiti Putra Malaysia

Abstract
Communication is crucial in different contexts, particularly in an organization. This is because face-to-face and verbal communications are still the gold standards in communication abilities. This is due to communication issues may potentially develop in any circumstance or social relationship. It can be easy for individuals to misunderstand or misinterpret others, and these misunderstandings may lead to arguments or tension in personal, platonic, or professional relationships. In addition, people seek to influence their goals, relational status among others and their self-identity when they are engaged in verbal communication with others. Also, the shift in blue-collar to white-collar employment, increase in temporary and contingent employment, globalization, and the use of technology have put greater emphasis on employees- “interpersonal skills and the ability to collaborate” in teams. As the world leader in the cosmetics industry, L-Oreal Malaysia provides a dynamic and interactive working environment where L-Oreal Malaysia believes in fostering entrepreneurship within each individual and encouraging them in taking accountability of their respective jobs. As it has a people-driven working environment, communication plays a vital role as majority of the tasks requires communication across multiple parties and departments. The drawback is that it is prone to all communication problems, such as miscommunication, communication barrier and challenges in the respective competencies. Therefore, this study aims to identify these communication behaviors that are learned socially and taken place in L-Oreal Malaysia. This study is guided by Interpersonal Skill Model to examine the relationship between verbal communication behaviors and communication competence in workplace. The objectives of this study are to identify the relationship between verbal communication behaviors and communication competencies of these behaviors based on the Workplace Communication Behavior Inventory, with the following variables: Information Sharing, Relational Maintenance, Expressing Negative Emotion and Organizing. Communication competency was measured by Communication Competency Questionnaire with the following variables: Encoding and Decoding. Using simple random sampling method, this research took on a quantitative approach by collected 277 questionnaires distributed to the employees in L-Oreal Malaysia. Information Sharing factor was found to be the most commonly practiced verbal communication behaviors subscale. The findings contributed to the existing literature on Interpersonal Skill Model in Malaysia context. This study enabled the policy makers to make decisions especially in assigning task to each individual.

Keywords
Verbal communication behavior, Communication competent, cosmetic

Topic
Management, Organization, Leadership and IT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fgKdFA7GW4re

Corresponding Author
Olih Solihin

Institutions
Communication Studies Program Universitas Komputer Indonesia

Abstract
Purpose of this research study was to find out and also reveal about how to use vlog as media self presentation beauty vloger Putri Melati in providing information, upbringing and influence on YouTube. Research of this research study uses qualitative methods with descriptive studies, where the informants involved in this research amounted to four people, the first informant was the beauty vlogger Putri Melati, second informant was vlog user and subsriber Putri Melati, Novrisa Yulinda Burhan, third informant Melani Dewi, fourth informant as a vlog user and subscriber beauty vlogger Putri Melani, Anisa Andriyani. Research Results of this research study are the presentations of Putri Melati in conveying information through video, giving effect to viewers who are initially not aware become aware and who are not interested become interested. And how Putri Melati providing an information is very easy to understand and easily applied in daily life. Conlusion of this research study is the use of vlog as media self presentation to convey an information, idea, message or influence. Suggestion of this research study is to continue to be creative and capable of being a positive influence for many people. Not only as self presentation, more than that the vlog can be optimized as a means of generating positive impact for the audience if the vlogger is well aware of the function and purpose of the vlog itself

Keywords
Vlog, Self Presentation, Information, Upbringing, and Influence.

Topic
Communication Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/zCTBYgpJ3NX4

Corresponding Author
Camellia Kusuma Tito

Institutions
Institute for Marine Research and Observation
Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries
Jl. Baru Perancak, Jembrana, Bali, 82251, Indonesia

Abstract
Coral reefs facing climatic challenges due to increased carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere, elevated sea surface temperatures (SST) and sea level anomaly (SLA). Recent works highlighted that El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) increases SST and induces bleaching events in several region. Meanwhile, SLA impacts on coral reefs have rarely been addressed but could be more important for reefflat ecosystem than previously thought. The objective of this work is to assess SLA impacts on Tomini-s reef coral bleaching stress. In 1998, 2010 and 2016 Tomini-s reef coral experienced severe bleaching period during hot spot (HS) occupied in a certain water body on certain time, called degree of heating weeks (DHW, 0C-week). Long term (1993-2019) SLA data acquired from multimission altimetry satellite by Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) were used in the analysis. The results show that the slope of SLA in Tomini Bay tend to increased for the last three decades. Therefore, we suggest that effects of combined rising SST and SLA could be increased Tomini-s reef coral bleaching stress.

Keywords
Bleaching, Coral reef, Sea level anomaly, Sea surface temperature

Topic
Coastal and Ocean Dynamics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yNJ2496xHbFY

Corresponding Author
Heru Suryanto

Institutions
1Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia
2Master Program of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, East Java 65145 , Indonesia
3Chemical Department, Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia
4Fisheries and Marine Sciences Faculty, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia

Abstract

Keywords
bacterial cellulose, crystalline, freeze-drying, pineapple peel, XRD

Topic
Biomass, Biofuel

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/RDQJAH7CtraK

Corresponding Author
Putu Veri Swastika

Institutions
(1,2) Industrial and Financial Mathematics Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia

(3) School of Computing, Telkom University, Jl. Telekomunikasi, 1 Bandung 40257, Indonesia

Abstract
We study a simple numerical scheme based on a new type of Finite Element Method (FEM) to solve 1D Shallow Water Equation (SWE). In the new scheme, the surface elevation variable is approximated by a linear continuous base function (P1) and the velocity potential variable is approximated by one-dimensional discontinuous linear non-conforming base function (P1NC). Here, we implement the P1-P1NC finite element pair to solve the 1D SWE on a structured grid, whereas the the Runge Kutta method is adopted for time integration. We verified the resulting scheme by conducting several simulations such as a standing wave simulation, and a propagation of an initial hump over sloping bathymetry. The resulting scheme free from numerical damping error, conservative and both standing wave and shoaling phenomena are well simulated.

Keywords
finite element method, non-conformal base function, structured grid, shallow water equation.

Topic
Coastal and Ocean Dynamics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tN4pnWaDKAGr

Corresponding Author
Heru Suryanto

Institutions
1Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia
2Centre of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia
3Master Program of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia
4Fisheries and Marine Sciences Faculty, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia

Abstract

Keywords
Bacterial cellulose foam, disintegration, freeze-drying, high-pressure homogenizer

Topic
Biomass, Biofuel

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3YVmpU9juWKd

Corresponding Author
avrionesti

Institutions
a) Marine Technology Cooperation Research Center (MTCRC)
avrionesti[at]mtcrc.center

b) Oceanography Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract
Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) is one of main catches fish in the demersal category. Ecosystem condition is assessed to predict the growth rate of Barramundi. Therefore, the ecosystem condition is being modeled, includes nutrient, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and detritus (NPZD) and their interaction with Barramundi as the highest predator on the food chain. The result shows that the growth rate of Barramundi is 4.07 gram/day with the fastest growth rate (latest) occurs if the seed is stocked in August (November) with growth rate 5,11 gram/day (3,1 gram/day). The slow growth rate of seeds stocked in November occurred because of crustaceans as the main feed of Barramundi in the early phase of the hatchery has a low abundance.

Keywords
NPZD, Barramundi, growth rate, and Fish interaction model

Topic
Marine Resources, Conversation and ICZM

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ZACGBDFgtwPY

Corresponding Author
Langlang Gumilar

Institutions
a) Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jalan Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia

Abstract
To convert wind energy into electrical energy, an intermediary in the form of a turbine and generator is needed. Wind turbines consist of several types such as horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) and vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT). The main focus of this research is the maximum power that can be generated by the horizontal axis wind turbine by varying its pitch angle. Some important parameters that influence value of turbine power are wind speed, turbine rotation speed, blade number, pitch angle, and power coefficient (CP). Variation pitch angle from 0, 10, 20, 30, dan 40. Pitch angle affects lifting force of the horizontal axis wind turbine to rotate, just as in the lift force of the aircraft. For input wind speeds ranging from 0 m/s to 20 m/s. If the wind speed more than 20 m/s, then the wind cannot be utilized and can be said to be disaster. Input of turbine rotation speed starts from 0 rpm to 50 rpm. The axes used to make power curves in 3 dimensions are the wind speed axis, turbine rotation speed axis, and power axis. From this curve, we will find the maximum power that can be produced by horizontal wind turbines. The difference in pitch angle on the turbine will produce different power. Increase in wind speed will increase the power of wind turbines. In this study using maximum wind speed of 20 m/s, so that at maximum wind speed will obtained maximum wind turbine power. For horizontal axis wind turbines with pitch angle of 0, maximum power 1608,45 W is produced at 32 rpm wind turbine rotor rotation speed. At 10 pitch angle, maximum power 1510,28 W is produced at 32 rpm turbine rotor rotation speed. At 20 pitch angle, maximum power 1398,65 W is produced at the turbine rotational speed 33 rpm. On the pitch angle 30, the maximum power 1286,75 W is produced at the turbine rotor rotation speed 33 rpm. The pitch angle 40 produces maximum power 1148,89 W at turbine rotor rotational speed 34 rpm. From all simulation results it was concluded that increase of pitch angle, maximum power produced by the turbine will decrease.

Keywords
Pitch Angle, HAWT, Power, Power Coeficient, Tip Speed Ratio

Topic
Renewable Energy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DEeWmvcfF4HN

Corresponding Author
Erlin Beliyana

Institutions
a) Oceanography Student, Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
Graduate Program in Earth Science, Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganeca 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
b) Oceanography Research Group, Faculty of Earth Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
c) Department of Atmospheric and Ocean, University of Maryland, USA

Abstract
Indonesian seas are strongly affected by strong semidiurnal tidal signals from the Indian Ocean and diurnal signals from the Pacific Ocean. Therefore, within the internal seas, there is possibility of mixed tides (semidiurnal and diurnal signals). This research is focused on determining tidal current based on the velocity data measured during the INSTANT (International Nusantara Stratification and Transport) program. The velocity data from Ombai Strait and Timor Passage from January 18, 2004 to December 31, 2004 are analyzed. Characteristics of tidal current data at certain fixed depths (50, 100, 350 and 750 meters) are processed and calculated using MATLAB software and present the magnitude and variability of total currents, residual currents, and tidal currents as well as vertical variability at these straits. In Ombai Strait and Timor Passage currents tend to move zonally (east – west). The dominant tidal currents are observed at 350 and 750 meters, while subtidal (nontidal) current dominant occurs with 50 to 150 meters.

Keywords
Currents; Tidal Currents; Residual Currents; Ombai Strait; Timor Passage

Topic
Coastal and Ocean Dynamics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DWv7AbxjE39J

Corresponding Author
Fitria Tahta Alfina

Institutions
1Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia
2School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan

Abstract
Abstract: Among the keys to successful industrialization in the field of renewable energy is the availability of ready-to-work human resources in the industry. Although Indonesia has a lot of potential renewable energy, the development of its utilization is still small. One obstacle is the lack of development of industries that develop renewable energy that are not supported by the readiness of human resources ready for work in the field. Indonesia has a very large renewable energy potential, but the utilization is still not maximal. One of these obstacles is the lack of human resources that is in the way it is an effort to improve the quality human resources to achieve the development of maximum renewable energy is through education. Furthermore, good, unknown and unique social technical education technical and Vocational School is a place to start the development of the individuals awareness of the individual who is traveling vocational education, about renewable energy sources. A survival surgical renewal of source of energy is distributed to 82 respondents from different education class levels. Respondents consist of education students of vocational techniques of engineering machinery and Vocational School students Department of engineering machinery. This study will be one of the reference in determining the direction of national policy especiallyin education in the field of development of renewable energy in Indonesia.

Keywords
Renewable energy, Awareness, Vocational School, Education Policy

Topic
Renewable Energy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/32frcLFmE4KJ

Corresponding Author
Fauzan Lazuardi Ramadhan

Institutions
1) Program Studi Oseanografi, Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian, Institut Teknologi Bandung
2) Pusat Pengembangan Kawasan Pesisir dan Laut, Institut Teknologi Bandung
3) Kelolmpok Keahlian Oseanografi, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract
The North Sulawesi Seas is the entrance gate of Indonesian Troughflow (ITF) which will be directly affected by the phenomenon occurring in the Pacific Ocean especially a El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This study aims to determine the heat content of the water mass in the North Sulawesi Seas as part of ITF. Main data is a temperature data derived from the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) reanalysis model with a resolution of 1/12°. In the North Sulawesi Seas found five types of a water masses its North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW), North Pacific Equatorial Water (NPEW), North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW), Antartic Intermediate Water (AAIW), and Antartic Bottom Water (AABW). The water mass heat content is calculated with the two different temperature systems for depth. Magnitudes for each heat content of water types calculated in this study for NPSW , NPEW, NPIW, AAIW, and AABW are in the range of 5,67 x 1013 – 1,04 x 1015 J / m2, 2,62 x 1015 – 8,26 x 1015 J / m2, 1,08 x 1015 – 9,38 x 1015 J / m2, 2,17 x 1016 – 3,33 x 1016 J / m2, and 8,11 x 1015 – 1,89 x 1016 J / m2, respectively.. The water mass heat content in the mixed and deep layer will decrease (increase) when the La-Niña (El-Niño), while in the thermocline layer will decrease (increase) when the El-Niño (La-Niña) phenomenon.

Keywords
North Sulawesi Seas; Indonesian Troughflow; Water mass; Heat content; and ENSO.

Topic
Coastal and Ocean Dynamics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/baMZ7dxhreqK

Corresponding Author
Ashadi Arifin Nur

Institutions
a) Faculty of Earth Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology
Jalan Ganesa No 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
*ashadi_arifin_nur[at]students.itb.ac.id
b)Hydro-Atmosphere Environment Research Group, Physical Oceanography and
Computational Modeling Laboratory, Program Study of Physics,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University
Jalan Barong Tongkok No 04, Samarinda, 75123, Indonesia

Abstract
The coastal area in Balikpapan Bay and its surrounding area has been devastated after the burst of an underwater oil pipe at the bay on March 31st, 2018, and the crude oil still continues spreading for a few days later. A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is used to simulate the currents dynamic and investigate the influence of the currents circulation on the spreading of the oil spill in Balikpapan Bay from March 31th to April 15th, 2018, to cover the event i.e. several weeks after the oil spill incident. Model results are validated by calculating the RMSE, MAPE and model skill using water level between available observation data at Semayang Port, Balikpapan station and numerical model from October 1st, 2012 to January 1st, 2013. Verification result of tidal elevation data from observation and model prediction shows a good agreement with RMSE = 7.8 cm, MAPE = 14.3% and model skill = 0.995. Surface currents circulation in Balikpapan Bay can be distinguished by the currents pattern on the spring tide and neap tide condition. During the spring tide condition, the surface currents mostly move to the east after coming out from the bay. However, the surface currents are strongly going southward after come out from the bay on the neap tide condition. Based on the satellite images captured for the next days after the event, the spreading pattern of the oil spill seems to be matched to the pattern of surface currents circulation on the spring tide condition. From the analysis of the model result, it shows that the currents circulation playing the main role to disperse the oil spill in Balikpapan Bay towards the Makassar Strait.

Keywords
Tidal current; Hydrodynamic model; Balikpapan Bay; Oil spill

Topic
Coastal and Ocean Dynamics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LbzNAFEYuCwW

Corresponding Author
Ari ansyah

Institutions
MTCRC (Marine Technology Cooperation Research Center)

Abstract
The increasing use of carbofuran pesticides in agriculture can lead to disruption and decline in environmental quality which is very detrimental to the balance of coral reef ecosystems in coastal area. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of carbofuran pesticides to Acropora sp. and find out the changes in density zooxanthella after 0, 24, 48, and 96 hours. This research was conducted in the waters and the Teluk Awur campus laboratory, Jepara. The method used is the experimental method. The tests carried out were preliminary tests and follow-up tests to determine changes in the density of zooxanthella after 0, 24, 48, and 96 hours. Probit analysis was used to determine the toxic level and toxicity of carbofuran pesticides against coral Acropora sp. The results showed that carbofuran pesticides had a threshold of 10 - 100 ppm against Acropora sp. and has toxic levels of 28.901 ppm against Acropora sp. corals and categorized in moderate lethal toxicity. This study also showed that the higher levels of carbofuran pesticides caused the rapid release of algae symbionts zooxanthella from corals.

Keywords
Carbofuran, Acropora sp., Toxicity, LC 50

Topic
Marine Resources, Conversation and ICZM

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/uA8yL9qxNVpd

Corresponding Author
I Putu Ranu Fajar Maharta

Institutions
a) Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*ranufajar123[at]gmail.com
b) Faculty of Marine Science, Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Badung 82121, Indonesia

Abstract
Bali Strait is one of the most unique and important water areas, especially for the coastal communities of Banyuwangi and Jembrana up to Badung Regency. The Bali Strait has Sardinella lemuru fish resources where it is widely exploited and is the main livelihood income of the coastal communities. In recent years, the quality of Sardinella lemuru fish has begun to decline due to contamination of microscopic plastic debris in the Bali Strait during western monsoon. Many previous researches have carried out the movement of debris in the Bali Strait using numerical model to find out the source and location of the marine debris, however it only carried out local simulations within the Bali Strait. This study aims to determine the movement of debris that reaches the Bali Strait assuming debris originates from coastal areas on south and west coast of Sumatra and Java during the western monsoon (December 2018 - February 2019). The Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM) model is used to obtain circulation of current patterns and debris particles movement patterns using the Lagrangian Particle Tracking module. The verification result of the model current pattern and field data using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) equation. In the u velocity component the RMSE value is 0.014 m/s with a correlation of 0.968 and the v velocity component is 0.011 m/s with a correlation of 0.945. In general, the current pattern in the waters of south of Sumatra Island to Java Island in the dominant western monsoon moves eastward due to the influence of western monsoon. The simulation results show particles that reached the Bali Strait as much as 3.47% originating only from the coastal waters of East Java.

Keywords
Bali Strait; FVCOM; lagrange; marine debris

Topic
Coastal and Ocean Dynamics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/WQ2YTLwt7KC4

Corresponding Author
Ahmad Sirojudin Munir

Institutions
a) Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University
Jl. Barong Tongkok, Gn. Kelua, Samarinda Ulu, Samarinda, East Borneo, 75242, Indonesia
*avatarraz[at]gmail.com
b) Mathematics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University
Jl. Barong Tongkok, Gn. Kelua, Samarinda Ulu, Samarinda, East Borneo, 75242, Indonesia

Abstract
In the Makassar Strait, upwelling occurred by wind-driven current and complexity of bottom topography. Analysis of upwelling phenomena could be determined by salinity, temperature dan three-dimensional current value which happened on a year as a climatology change. Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) is a terrain following three-dimensional model to calculate numerical value which need stability for long-duration simulation. The model has been simulated for 1 years from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2017 and verified by tidal data. Horizontal Boundary Condition which contain u-v velocities, salinity and temperature, is a climatology data from GLBa0.08 HYCOM. While Vertical Boundary used as atmospheric forcing is a data from ERA-INTERIM ECMWF. The verification use RMSE and RRE methods, showed good result between model and observation data with RMSE=0.1454 meter, and RRE=6.5806%. The result was analysed from 12 sampling points, 6 points on the outflow of the Makassar Strait which generated upwelling and the 6 others on the canal that connect to the Flores Sea and Java Sea. Model giving good result on January, indicate average w-velocity is 9.1183 m/day

Keywords
Analytical Model; Makassar Strait Outflow; Upwelling; Ocean Temperature Circulation;

Topic
Coastal and Ocean Dynamics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3x2MhKgecUXa

Corresponding Author
Fareza Sasongko Yuwono

Institutions
a) Research Center for Deep Sea, Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Jalan Y. Syaranamual, Guru-Guru, Poka, Ambon 97233, Indonesia
*fare001[at]lipi.go.id
b) Faculty of International Resource Sciences, Akita University
1-1 Tegatagakuen-machi, Akita 010-8502, Japan

Abstract
Calcareous nannofossil records in the sediments from ODP Hole 806B located in Ontong Java Plateau comprising Reticulofenestra size variations, Discoaster relative abundance and nannofossil accumulation rates have been analyzed to reconstruct surface water dynamics in the western equatorial Pacific throughout the Miocene. From early to middle Miocene (18 – 14.4 Ma), the surface water was relatively warm and depleted in nutrient associated with warm condition during the Middle Miocene climatic optimum. From middle to late Miocene (14.4 – 8.8 Ma), the thermocline deepened as the western Pacific warm pool established. During the late Miocene (8.8 – 5.6 Ma), the surface water suddenly shifted into cooler and nutrient rich condition associated with enhanced equatorial upwelling. The timing of this event is coincided with the intensification of Asian monsoon.

Keywords
Miocene, sea surface, Western Equatorial Pacific, Calcareous Nannofossil

Topic
Coastal and Ocean Dynamics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DrHdYaEZhMjz