Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Sueb Sueb

Institutions
Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract
Abstract. Diverse human activity causes environmental degradation and decreases in ecosystem stability. The large number of human activities related to environmental problems causes government officials to work hard to provide environmental policies that can help prevent and overcome environmental problems. Jodipan and Arema tourist villages are the impact of the desire of the Malang city government to develop tourism areas that are environmentally sound. The purpose of this study was to determine the environmental awareness of the community in Jodipan and Arema tourist villages as tourist villages and compare them. The method used is expost facto and the analysis used the Mann Whitney Test because the data were not normally distributed. The results indicated that the value of p (0,002)> 0,05 meant that the environmental awareness of the people in the colorful villages of Jodipan and Kampung Biru Arema was significantly different.

Keywords
environmental awareness, tourism area, Malang

Topic
Environmental Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CAxLYhKEX6uc

Corresponding Author
Sueb Sueb

Institutions
Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract
Abstract. The implementation of environmentally friendly village has been done at Biru Village, Malang. The program has introduced in order to achieve sustainable environmental worldview society. The purpose of this study was to compare environmental concern before and after the implementation of environmentally friendly village. The method used was workshop and direct practice of some apparatus to apply overthere. The data was pretest and posttest of environmental concern and data analysis was Mann Whitney because the data were not normrally distributed. The result was there was no significantly different of environmental concern before and after implementing of environmentally friendly village (p > α). The conclusion was there was no difference of environmental concern at Biru Village, Malang.

Keywords
environmental concern, biru village, Malang

Topic
Environmental Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8bBECH3wG7Fx

Corresponding Author
FATCHUR ROHMAN

Institutions
a) Department of Biology, Faculty of Math and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
b) Graduate students of Biology Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
Bioindicator existence of Amphibians in a habitat influenced by the type of habitat. Fejervarya limnocharis which generally could found in the rice fields , then Rana erythraea was found in aquatic habitat inundated as Lake or swamps . Aquatic habitat is a place that isnt separated from Amphibians . Sumber Taman as a water springs that has been change condition its ecosystem , these water springs change into as the tourist attraction. Lack of research about structure community Amphibians at Sumber Taman, Malang, should be done. The aims of the research there are to reveal diversity and structure the community before population amphibians found in spring water sources are threatened that consequence habitat change into tourist place. This research performed at the spring source located at Gondanglegi district, Malang, East java. Taking data at field use Visual Encounter Survey method. The results of this research, there are 7 species amphibians are found, species of the most dominant is Chalcorana chalconata . Value Diversity index (H ) is medium (1.1), evenness (E) is medium (0.6) and richness index (R) classified low (1.12).

Keywords
structure community, amphibians. bioindicator, aquatic habitat, water springs

Topic
Bioconservation

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/XKj6udNUCrAk

Corresponding Author
Kharirrotun Nafiah

Institutions
Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract
Surface fires cause loss of vegetation that covers the soil, litter layer and top layer, which is the main part of the resources and habitat soil organisms, one of which is collembola. The aim of the study was to determine the comparability of the diversity and abundance of Collembola community in post fire land, transitional land and control land in Baluran National Park Situbondo. Sampling method with randomized group design was done by line transect sampling, total 120 plots in three different locations that are post fire land, transitional land and control land and the transect based on altitude. Collembola extraction was done by Eco 12 modification barless-tullgren extraction tool. The Results of this study show that a total of 547 individuals were included 9 species Collembola. Important value index species Paralobella cassagnau dominated on both post fire land and control land. Lepidocyrtus bourlet is a species that dominated in transitional land. The conclusion of this study is differences land and elevation take affect of the important value index, biodiversity index (H), eveness index (E), and richness index (R), this can occur because differences altitude allowed differences collembola composition and fires take affect the presence of collembola

Keywords
Collembola, fire, Baluran teak forest

Topic
Bioconservation

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/mjpLwYMdxQBH

Corresponding Author
Sri Supardi Wibowo

Institutions
a) Graduate Program in Community Ecology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok
*srisupardiwibowo94[at]gmail.com
b) Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok
c) Research Center for Climate Change, Universitas Indonesia, Depok

Abstract
Diversity Odonata in the highland of tropical still lack of information with high diversity aquatic habitats in the tropical rain forest. The order Odonata includes dragonflies and damselflies very dependent on freshwater habitat for sustainability of life cycle. They are often used as indicators for water health, environmental health and conservation management. The purpose of this research to compare diversity Odonata at lake Saat with lake Warna Nature Park, West Java. We collected the data of diversity Odonata using fixed point count method. Diversity analysis used Shannon and Margalef indices with PAST software. Diversity Odonata in lake Saat is more higher than lake Warna Nature Park. Both, diversity indices Odonata are categorized medium and low. There is no difference distribution species of Odonata in both locations.

Keywords
Diversity, Odonata, West Java

Topic
Zoology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/EhAXvQnKDRzy

Corresponding Author
Hendra Susanto

Institutions
1) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
2) Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
3) Department of Digestive Surgery, Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
4) Department of Nursing Sciences, Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University, Indonesia

*Corresponding Author-s email: hendrabio[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is cancer, which is a significant problem in several countries in the world, one of which is Indonesia. The presence of hepatocellular carcinoma is often accompanied by the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome and infection of the HBV virus. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is an enzyme that is thought to be a key factor of metabolic syndrome occurrence and also HBV infection. This computational study aims to see the interaction between ANGPTL8 and HBV virus particles against LPL as a target. Our study shows that HBV and ANGPTL8 have different binding regions in the LPL enzyme so that they can bind simultaneously. Computationally HBV has stronger energy bonds than ANGPTL8. To sum up, this study can be the hallmark of another research to find out the role of LPL to the occurrence of Hepatocellular carcinoma by the binding of ANGPTL8 and HBV.

Keywords
Hepatocellular carcinoma, HBV, Betatrophin, Metabolic syndrome.

Topic
Bioinformatics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/C7X8JADzTmge

Corresponding Author
Ni Luh Putu Emayanti

Institutions
1) Biology Education Study Program Universitas Negeri Malang
2) Sekolah Tinggi Insdustri Turen
a) mimien.henie.fmipa[at]um.co.id b) emayanti0954[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Subak is a traditional organization of farmers in Bali that regulates irrigation systems in a particular area. Subak as a socio-religious pattern that is based on the cultural principle Tri Hita Karana (THK). The purpose is to conserve natural resources through of THK. The component of THK can continue to be used as a powerful tool for mitigating negative impacts of current on the nature and its resources. The research method used was an exploratory survey method by conducting a survey on application of local wisdom. Data was analyzed descriptively. The research locations were in Subak Guama. Each component of THK is elaborated so as to obtain components that have a significant effect on the conservation of natural resources. The results showed these components produced 69.33% of air resources (Bedugul Temple), pawongan component 74.56% of resources for the functioning of agricultural resources such as roads and irrigation channels and palemahan component 79.98% of agroecological components and biota such as: fauna, flora and microbes. Conservation through local wisdom can maintain natural resources in agroecological indicators and biota in subak. Local wisdom is appropriate to be used as a basis for the conservation of natural resources in Subak.

Keywords
local wisdom, air resources, irrigation channels, agroecological, biota

Topic
Bioconservation

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BJAVT82Nu4Gh

Corresponding Author
Facischa Ayu Irviandari

Institutions
Biology Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
(*) fuad.jayamiharja[at]umm.ac.id

Abstract
The existence of organic waste is believed to be the cause of changes in the physical and chemical parameters of the river environment, which have an impact on the diversity of macrozoobenthos in it. However, not many studies have revealed what variables are highly correlated with macrozoobenthos diversity. This study aims to determine the impact of shrimp pond waste inputs and the variables that most correlate with macrozoobenthos diversity. This quantitative descriptive study uses purposive random sampling technique. Sampling was carried out at five stations along the Kali Jeruk - Trenggalek, East Java stream with three repetitions. The identification of macrozoobenthos was carried out in the Fisheries Laboratory while testing physical and chemical parameters was carried out in the laboratory of Perum Jasa Tirta - Malang, East Java. The diversity of macrozoobenthos was analyzed using test principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that macrozoobenthos were found in ten species from three classes, seven families, and nine genera. Meanwhile, the parameters that correlate most strongly with macrozoobenthos diversity are dissolved oxygen (DO).

Keywords
Macrozoobenthos diversity; organic waste; Litopenaeus vannamei

Topic
Zoology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/K9PUuFqZBfAT

Corresponding Author
Wahyu Andy Nugraha

Institutions
Department of Marine Science, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Bangkalan, Indonesia 69162
E-mail: wahyuandy[at]trunojoyo.ac.id

Abstract
Coral recruitment is a very important component in the management of coral reefs. Coral recruitment is the main factor in the recovery of the coral community. The high recruitment of corals is an indication of natural recovery in the reef community. This study aims to determine the density of coral recruitment in Gili Pandan Island at a depth of 3 meters and 8 meters. Two sites were used as sampling station. Juvenile corals with diameters less than 5 cm were observed in quadratic transects with 1x1 meter sizes randomly and performed with 10 repetitions at each point. Coral density was calculated for the determination of recruitment rates. T-test was used to determine whether there is a difference in coral recruitment between 3 and 8 meters depth. The results showed that the average density of coral recruitment of site 1 and site 2 at depth of 3 meters were 5,9-7,6 ind/m2, categorized as high recruitment, while at a depth of 8 meters were 3.3-4.3 ind/m2, categorized as low recruitment. T-test result showed that there is significant difference of coral recruitment density between 3 and 8 meter depth both at site 1 and 2.

Keywords
Recruitment; Coral; Density; Gili Pandan Island

Topic
Bioconservation

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/wXYHaRgV6Gr7

Corresponding Author
Alif Rosyidah El Baroroh

Institutions
1Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang Jalan Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Jawa Timur

Abstract
Hypercholesterol is caused due to consumption of carobohydrate and high fat so causing oxidative stress results in the formation of Glycation End-Products (AGE). This study aimed to determine the effect of giving single garlic extract on the levels of Advanced glycation end products (AGE) and Receptor of Advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in the epididymis of mice (Mus musculus) Balb / C strain of a high fat and carbohydrate diet models. The mice were acclimatized for a week and then were given HFD for 6 weeks. This research is an experimental study using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 6 treatments and 4 repetitions. This study requires a total of 24 mice. The treatment group was divided into 6 groups, namely the normal group (N), the negative control group (K-), the positive control group (K +), and the treatment group by administering a single garlic extract with various doses (125 mg / Kg BB, 250 mg / Kg BB, and 500 mg / Kg BB). Measurement of AGE levels in the epididymis of mice on high-fat and carbohydrate diet models was carried out by the ELISA method after 45 days of treatment. The measurement results of AGE in the epididmis have a significant effect on the decrease in AGE in the epididymis according to the ANOVA test conducted (0.003), the results of a single ANOVA analysis of significant RAGE levels <0.05 (0.0). Giving a single garlic extract (Allium sativum L.) had a significant effect. Positive control group (K +) and single garlic extract dose 250 mg / Kg BB (P2) were optimal treatments for reducing RAGE levels in the epididymis of mice (Mus musculus) Balb / C strains on high-carbohydrate and fat diets

Keywords
Single Garlic, AGE, RAGE, Epididymis

Topic
Biomedical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LhYtAmcHqb6f

Corresponding Author
Mohamad Amin

Institutions
a) Department of Biology, Universitas Negeri Malang, Semarang Street 5, Malang, Indonesia
*uruwaida95[at]gmail.com
b) Department of Biology, Universitas Negeri Malang, Semarang Street 5, Malang, Indonesia.
*umie.lestari.fmipa[at]um.ac.id
c) Department of Biology, Universitas Negeri Malang, Semarang Street 5, Malang, Indonesia.
*mohamad.amin.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Twin marker genes are the controlling genes of twinning which can increase the frequency of twin ovulations in one estrus cycle. The role and function of genes in determining twin births is very important to understand in order to consider the potential of females that can produce twin. Detection and identification of twin controlling genes taken from twin cows, where sires give birth to twins or twin tillers. The aim of this study was to identify sequences of twin marker genes in cattle and analyze the function of twin cow controlling genes (Bos taurus) from the results of sequence variations. This research is included in exploration research which has procedures including DNA isolation, PCR, electrophoresis analysis, and bioinformatic analysis. The results of this study were detected by the twin controlling gene with a birth weight gene marker in the six cow blood samples (Bos taurus) at 56oC attachment temperature. The results of the analysis of the diversity of nucleotide sequences from the six blood samples showed various variations and the analysis of the results of protein expression that could be identified from the birth weight gene marker was alpha V beta 3 integrin (αvβ3).

Keywords
gene expression analysis, birth weight gene, cattle (Bos taurus)

Topic
Bioconservation

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8yjXehcFqutL

Corresponding Author
Sasmitasari Sasmitasari

Institutions
Malang State University

Abstract
This study aims to determine the detection of the Aero gene in the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophilla as a candidate for bioremediator in dealing with hospital wastewater. This type of research is qualitative descriptive. The sample of this study is the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophilla which has the ability to hydrolyze proteins which are candidates for bioremediator agents. Samples were obtained from the Microbiology Laboratory, State University of Malang. Research Detection of the Aero gene in the Aeromonas hydrophilla bacteria was carried out in three places, namely the Microbiology Laboratory of Universitas Brawijaya for the DNA isolation stage, LSIH UB for the PCR stage and the Molecular Laboratory of Maulana Malik Ibrahim for Electrophoresis. The samples were analyzed using Zymo Research Quick-DNATM Bacterial Miniprep Kit for DNA isolation, Specific Primer for the Aero gene namely Aero 1a (forward) and Primary Aero 1b (Reverse) for PCR and Hyperleader VI for markers in analyzing PCR results in the electrophoresis process. The results showed that the Aero gene was detected at 48oC with a DNA concentration of 2.55 µg / ml, DNA purity of 1.53 µg / ml and the length of migration of 500bp DNA bands.

Keywords
Detection of the Aero gene, Aeromonas hydrophilla, Candidate for Bioremediator, Hospital Liquid Waste

Topic
Biotechnology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qMNcZf9YpkKD

Corresponding Author
ALLVANIALISTA IKALOR

Institutions
Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract
Domestic waste produced by hospitals can reach 85% of total waste with high pollutant content. The high content of these pollutants can have an impact on human health as well as the environment. This study aims to detect the presence of the α-Amylase enzyme by gene code toward Enterobacter agglomerans. E. agglomerans is a bacterium that lives in waste and is able to degrade starch by hydrolyzing α-1.4 glucosidic amylose, amylopectin, and glycogen bonds. The study was conducted in December 2018 to March 2019 in the Microbiology Laboratory of Universitas Negeri Malang for the preparation of E. agglomerans and in the Microbiology Laboratory of Universitas Brawijaya to isolate DNA and detect the α-Amylase gene. The results showed that bacterial DNA isolation was of good quality with a purity value of 1.87 nm and a DNA concentration of 204.02 μg / ml. The α-Amylase gene in E. agglomerans was detected at 46oC, 48oC and 50oC. These results indicate that E. agglomerans has a gene that encodes the α-Amylase enzyme so that it can be used as a bioremediator candidate.

Keywords
α-Amilase, Enterobacter agglomerans, gen detection, bioremediator

Topic
Biotechnology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/rXznDBQ89vcb

Corresponding Author
Betty Lukiati

Institutions
a)Departemet of Biology Universitas Negeri Malang
Jalan Semarang 5 Malang

Abstract
Extract of Zingiber officinale var. rubrum for therapy has been widely investigated, including for kidney disease, lung disease, and diarrhea. The solvent used for extraction determines content of the bioactive compounds, and antioxidant level. This study aims to determine total phenols and flavonoids levels, as well as antioxidant activity of the ethanolic and methanolic extract of Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum rhizome. Total phenol level determined using spectrophotometer at 765 nm, with gallic acid as a standard, while the total flavonoids at 431 nm with quercetin as standard. Antioxidant activity determined by DPPH assay. The strength of antioxidant activity is expressed in IC50 extract values. The results showed total phenol content of Zingiber officinale var rubrum ethanolic extract 155.78 mg GAE/g, while methanolic extract 132.54 mg GAE/g. Total flavonoid content of ethanol fraction 609.66 mg QE/g, methanolic extract 563.10 mg QE/g. Based on DPPH assay, antioxidant activity was very strong with IC50 of ethanolic extract 44.06 µg/mL, and IC50 of methanol extract 30.11 µg/mL

Keywords
Antioxidant Activity, methanolic and ethanolic extract, total Flavonoid, total Phenol, , Zingiber officinale Rosc. Var. rubrum rhizoma extract

Topic
Zoology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/UdCyZzkJ4cKN

Corresponding Author
Sugeng Maryanto

Institutions
Nursing Study Program, The University of Ngudi Waluyo,
Diponegoro street No. 186, East Ungaran, Semarang Regency Central Java 50512, Indonesia
Email: tentaralangit46[at]gmail.com

Abstract
One of the things that has the potential to disrupt human health is the environment. Waste is the cause of decreased environmental quality. How to reduce the impact of organic waste are Bioconversion. The experiment design is quasi experiment pre posttest two-group design for chicken. The chicken divided into 2 group, group 1 treated with organic waste supplement and group 2 without treated with organic waste supplement. The results of the study showed that the increase in bodyweight of group 1 was better for obtaining nutrients from organic waste supplement than group 2 without organic waste supplement, with an average difference of 0, 175 kg. Organic waste have a nutrition to animal, when the human does not used it. The nutrition will increase the body weight of the chicken because the nutrient from the waste of vegetable, from the waste of food processing will aid to fulfill the nutrient need. Converting organic waste to additional chicken nutrition are solution to reduce the impact of organic waste to the nature.

Keywords
ioconversion, Waste management system

Topic
Bioconservation

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LGtmCEkJAVZy

Corresponding Author
Ihsan Budi Rachman

Institutions
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, State University of Malang, Jalan Semarang 05 Malang 65145, Indonesia
2Food Technology Department, Ciputra University, UC Town, CitraLand, Surabaya 60219, Indonesia
3Centre of Advanced Material for Renewable Energy, State University of Malang, Jalan Semarang 05 Malang 65145, Indonesia

Abstract
Coffee is a well-known stimulant drink which consist of natural chemical compounds responsible for its energizing effect, taste and flavour. However, different way of serving coffee, affects the performance of the drink. On the other hand, different variety of coffee plants give also diverse taste and flavour. In this paper, the hot and cold brewed coffee from Robusta, Arabica, as well as pea-berry coffee beans were examined using analytical chemistry methods. After several solvent extraction using chloroform and hexane, the volatile chemical compounds of roasted ground coffee beans which were hot and cold brewed, were examined using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Different chemical profiles of volatile constituents of hot and cold brewed coffee for each types of coffee beans would be presented. The result shows that extraction using chloroform solvent give more chemical profiles of the coffee constituents than hexane solvent. Robusta and pea-berry coffee beans in cold brewed shows more chemical profile than hot brewed. Otherwise, the chemical profile of Arabica coffee in hot brewed shows more than cold brewed.

Keywords
Robusta coffee, Arabica coffee, pea-berry coffee beans, hot and cold brewed, extraction, chemical profiles, GC/MS

Topic
Biochemistry

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/aB7CbeGhRMj6

Corresponding Author
Rulyana Salma Rosadha

Institutions
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia

Corresponding author: mohamad.amin.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Nephrolithiasis is the most common kidney disease in Indonesia. One of the natural treatments for nephrolithiasis that is by using Sonchus arvensis plant. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of Sonchus arvensis natural compounds in the nephrolithiasis treatment using reverse docking analysis. The reverse docking method is used to prove the potential of a compound through several databases and softwares. The results of reverse docking showed interaction of predictive compounds with target proteins, binding affinity, and predictive compounds- binding sites with target proteins. The predicted compounds results of reverse docking were tested for toxicity using Toxtree v2.6.13 software and bio oral potential with the Rule of Five Lipinski. The results showed that one of predicted compounds named Apigenin 7 glucoside has potential as an anti-nephrolithiasis-s candidate.

Keywords
apigenin 7 glucoside, nephrolithiasis, reverse docking, Sonchus arvensis

Topic
Bioinformatics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Q8gtAVGrEUDj

Corresponding Author
Veti Rizky Tosiyana

Institutions
a. Biology Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

*Corresponding author: usya_bio[at]umm.ac.id

Abstract
Research on the study of the diversity of mollusks in the mangrove forest area of Cengkrong Beach – Trenggalek has an important role in knowing the decline in the ecological function of mangrove forests due to exploitation. Exploitation that occurs is illegal logging of mangrove trees. The purpose of this study was to analyze environmental conditions through physico-chemical parameters, analyze the diversity of mollusks, and analyze the relationship between environmental conditions and the diversity of mollusks in the mangrove forest of Cengkrong Beach - Trenggalek. Sampling was carried out at three stations with 27 plots. Sampling using purposive sampling technique with the belt transect method then measures environmental conditions. Data analysis using regression test. The results showed that the conditions of pH, temperature, salinity were normal. The diversity of mollusks found was 13 species consisting of 11 species from the Gastropoda class and 2 species from the Bivalvia class. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between environmental conditions and the diversity of mollusks.

Keywords
Diversity; mangrove forest; mollusks

Topic
Zoology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/NB8fkcMxt2wj

Corresponding Author
Azizatur Rahmah

Institutions
a) Islamic Univerity Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang email : zizaquw[at]gmail.com
b) Balai Besar Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Tanaman Obat Dan Obat Tradisional email: ywidiyasis[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Centella asiatica is a popular plant that is currently the main claim for skin care ingredients that have the effect of accelerating the healing of zits and regenerating the skin. C. asiatica has a chemical component in the form of polyacetylenes, triterpenoids, asiaticosides, centellin, asiaticin and centellicin. The chemical components contained in C. asiatica have pharmacological effects in the form of antineoplastic, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antipsoriatic, anti-ulcer, wound healing, sedative, immunostimulant, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antidiabetic, and insecticidal . This many potential had made researcher explore the diversity of C. asiatica from various perspectives including DNA analysis. DNA profiling with SRAP has not been done, so this study becomes important data on C. asiatica. DNA profiling analysis of C. asiatica using SRAP with 8 primary combinations. Data was obtained from DNA isolation using the GeneJET Plant Genomic DNA Purification Mini Kit) or by modification. addition of PVP 2% of the total volume of lysis buffer A. Analysis using the Unweighted Pair method Method Group Using Aritmetic Method (UPGMA). Coordinate principle analysis (Principal Coordinate Analysis) of each individual. The data has been analyzed using a computer program (software) NTSYS 2.1, MVSP and PopGen 1.3 / GenAlex and other similar software. The results of the analysis showed that with SRAP marker C. asiatica formed 3 large clusters, cluster 1 had a 0.00 (0%) similarity coefficient, cluster 2 had a similarity coefficient value of 0, 12 (12%) and cluster 3 had a similarity coefficient value of 0.12 ( 12%). SRAP was able to determine the difference from 25 samples obtained from all over Indonesia.

Keywords
Centella asiatica, SRAP

Topic
Botany

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/PagpHTCtBre9

Corresponding Author
Miftahul Jannah

Institutions
) Laboratory of Genetic, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
2)Biology Department, As-syafiiyah Islamic University, Jakarta, Indonesia.
3)Indonesian Genetic and Biodiversity Community, Jl. Ikan Mujahir no.15, Malang Regency 65124, Indonesia
4) Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Abstract
Lichen of the genus Usnea are used as a traditional herbal remedies. This genus has the thallus which is very similar among species, so it is very difficult to distinguish. Based on morphological character, identification of species in Indonesia is still limited. Morphological characters is can be used to identify in family and genus only. The molecular character based on DNA Barcode of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) rDNA sequences which has conserved region (5.8S) and varied region (ITS1 and ITS2) is needed to strengthen and support the identification and phylogenetic analysis. The objective of this research was to identify and make phylogenetic analysis of Usnea species from the forest of Gunung Lawu, Center Java and Turgo, Yogyakarta. Phylogenetic tree was constructed with Maximum Likelihood (ML), the model of evolution Kimura-2 parameter with the bootstrap 1000. The result of phylogenetic tree reconstruction show within main two clades, section Usnea and Eumitria in the genus Usnea. The ITS rDNA sequence was able to identify most of the Usnea, but do not support the separation of the lichens Usnea pectinata and Usnea baileyi as distinct species.

Keywords
Usnea, DNA Barcode, ITS rDNA, Phylogenetic

Topic
Botany

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9DxUma82VqLd

Corresponding Author
Ahmad Fauzi

Institutions
1Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, 2Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract
Drosophilas behavioral studies can facilitate investigations related to human disease as well as various questions about behavioral neuroscience. The aimed of this study was to examine the effect of strains on various Drosophila behavior parameters. The strains used were wildtype, white eyes, and vestigial wings. Larval Crawling Assay, Larval Climbing Assay, Locomotor Assay, and Adult Negative Geotaxis Assay were used as procedures for data collection. Then, the research data were analyzed using a one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results showed that differences in strains were able to cause differences in Drosophila behavior, especially during the imago phase. The use of wild-type strains is recommended for use as a behavioral study on Drosophila, given the differences in wildtype and mutant behavior recorded in this study. This research is expected to be the basis of Drosophilas behavior study, which is still rarely conducted in Indonesia.

Keywords
Adult Negative Geotaxis Assay, Drosophila-s behavioral studies, Larval Crawling Assay, Larval Climbing Assay, Locomotor Assay

Topic
Zoology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gaJVXnz2rNEw

Corresponding Author
Wira Eka Putra

Institutions
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang
2Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Generasi Biologi Indonesia Foundation
3Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University

*Corresponding Email: hendrabio[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
This study aims to assess Moringa oleifera bioactive compounds as potential inhibitor against the human α-3 NAchR. The 2D structure of bioactive compounds were retrieved from PubChem chemical structure data base. Whereas, the 3D structure of protein was obtained from PDB. After finish protein and ligands preparation, the molecular screening through in silico approach was performed. The last step for this compounds screening was visualization and molecular interaction analysis. Based on the docking simulation, we found several potential bioactive compounds that can properly interact with the α-3 NAchR. In this study, we showed the top three ligands with the greatest energy binding to the α-3 NAchR, i.e. Ellagic acid (-9.0 kcal/mol), Quercetin (8.5 kcal/mol), and Glucosinolates (8.1 kcal/mol). This study suggest that Moringa oleifera bioactive compounds may have potential as α-3 NAchR inhibitor.

Keywords
In silico, Moringa oleifera, NAchRs

Topic
Bioinformatics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/96nUuW3tDEzm

Corresponding Author
Iryanti Fatyasari Nata

Institutions
(1) Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University
Jl. A. Yani Km. 36, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan 70714, Indonesia
*Email: ifnata[at]ulm.ac.id

Abstract
Edible film is a thin layer that can consume and as a protective food from environment affect such as water vapor, oxygen, and moisture. The edible film which has antioxidant could be preventing from bacterial activity. The source of antioxidant is from “Kelakai” extract. This aims of this study are to evaluate the effect of eggshell powder concentration and cassava starch as raw material for edible film production and study the physical and chemical properties of edible film produced. The edible film was made from a mixture of chicken eggshell powder (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, wt/v) and cassava starch (5% wt/v) in distilled water then added 1.5% v/v of glycerol and 5% v/v of Kelakai extract. The mixture was heated up to ± 96 ºC, 100 rpm for 40 min. Then, mixture was poured into the mold (20 cm x 10 cm) and dried in an oven at 50 ºC for 24 h. The best composition of edible film produced with 10% of eggshell powder which has thickness of 0.174 mm, 1.5 MPa of tensile strength, 27% of elongation at elongation at break. The surface morphology of edible film was shown the rough surface and transparent which contains of CH, OH, and C = O groups that identified by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) analysis. The antioxidant activity of edible film was shown by scavenging activity about 5.12% after 10 min.

Keywords
edible film; eggshell powder; cassava starch; kelakai

Topic
Biomaterial Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/drj3qQJcYtpa

Corresponding Author
Husnul Khotimah

Institutions
1Master Program of Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia 2Midwifery Academy of Berlian Nusantara, Magetan, Indonesia
3 Institute of Health Science Sint Carolus, Jakarta, Indonesia
4Institute of Health Science William Booth, Surabaya, Indonesia
5Midwifery Academy Poltekkes Kemenkes Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia
6Midwifery Academy of Jember, Jember, Indonesia
7Midwifery Academy of Dr. Soebandi, Jember, Indonesia
8University of Darul Ulum Jombang High Islamic Boarding School, Jombang, Indonesia 9Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia 10Laboratory of Biochemistry-Biomolecular Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

Abstract
Stunting is the failure of linear growth during the first two years life. Rotenon is one of the pesticide causes stunting. Rotenon as the Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) and 1 complex mitocondria inhibitor, causes the decrease of ATP, increase the ROS and caused oxidative stress. Centella asiatica is a plant contains high antioxidant and cause the balance oxidant in cell so oxidative stress can be decreased. The purpose of this study is to know the pegagan etanol effect toward the rotenon induced zebrafish larvae stunting model toward expression increasing of Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT 4) and Osteocalcin. The research proved rotenon [12,5 ppb] can cause stunting of zebrafish larvae which included age 6 and stay until 9 dpf. The expression of GLUT 4 and Osteocalcin in zebrafish larvae which rotenon-induced decrease significantly compared with control group. The expression of GLUT 4 increase significantly by adding pegagan concentration 5μg/ml, while the expression of osteocalcin increase significantly by adding pegagan concentration 2,5μg/ml and 5μg/ml. Rotenon [12,5 ppb] can induce stunting of zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio). Addition of pegagan etanol extract can give effect for stunting zebrafish larvae through increased expression of GLUT 4 and Osteocalcin. This is indicated by an increased in body length.

Keywords
Centella asiatica, rotenon, zebrafish, stunting, GLUT 4, osteocalcin

Topic
Biomedical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/hDGycCm9tuk6

Corresponding Author
Ike Anggraini

Institutions
Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract
Abstract The implementation of family planning (KB) programs by the government due to an increase in the rate of population growth using modern contraceptives can cause quite dangerous side effects. This study aims to determine the effect of pulutan leaf decoction (Urena lobata L.) on the length of the estrus cycle of mice (Mus musculus) Balb-C strain as a substitute for modern contraception. Mice were grouped into 6 treatment groups with 4 replications. P0 group as a control (0% concentration), P1 (5%), P2 (7,5%), P3 (10%), P4 (12,5%), and P5 (15%). The administration of pulutan leaf simplicia (Urena lobata L.) was carried out for 15 days orally (gavage). Determination of the estrus cycle was carried out by the mouse lavage technique every day for 15 days of treatment. The length of the estrus cycle is determined by calculating the length (days) between the estrus stage (initial treatment) until the next estrus stage (counted 4 stages). The results of the one way ANOVA test and the Duncan test revealed that there was an effect of pulutan leaves (Urena lobata L.) decoction on the estrus cycle length of the mice (Mus musculus) Balb / C strain (p <0.05). The administration of pulutan leaf simplicia can extend the estrus cycle of mice (Mus musculus) starting at a concentration of 7.5%. Abstract The implementation of family planning (KB) programs by the government due to an increase in the rate of population growth using modern contraceptives can cause quite dangerous side effects. This study aims to determine the effect of pulutan leaf decoction (Urena lobata L.) on the length of the estrus cycle of mice (Mus musculus) Balb-C strain as a substitute for modern contraception. Mice were grouped into 6 treatment groups with 4 replications. P0 group as a control (0% concentration), P1 (5%), P2 (7,5%), P3 (10%), P4 (12,5%), and P5 (15%). The administration of pulutan leaf simplicia (Urena lobata L.) was carried out for 15 days orally (gavage). Determination of the estrus cycle was carried out by the mouse lavage technique every day for 15 days of treatment. The length of the estrus cycle is determined by calculating the length (days) between the estrus stage (initial treatment) until the next estrus stage (counted 4 stages). The results of the one way ANOVA test and the Duncan test revealed that there was an effect of pulutan leaves (Urena lobata L.) decoction on the estrus cycle length of the mice (Mus musculus) Balb / C strain (p <0.05). The administration of pulutan leaf simplicia can extend the estrus cycle of mice (Mus musculus) starting at a concentration of 7.5%.

Keywords
simplicia, pulutan leaves, estrus cycle, mice

Topic
Biomedical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BZ6Gwc284Lan

Corresponding Author
Dinda Aprilia

Institutions
Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract
Pulutan (Urena lobata L.) is a type of plant that is widely used as traditional medicine. The compound in pulutan leaves consists of alkaloids, tannins, triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins and steroids that work as antifertility agents. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving pulutan leaves (Urena lobata L.) simplicia to the number of follicles of mice (Mus muscullus) Balb-C strain. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six treatments giving pulutan leaf simplicia decoction (Urena lobata L.), namely 0%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% ​​and 15%, respectively the treatment repeated four times. Giving treatment for 15 days begins during the metestrus phase. The data tested for normality, homogeneity test, and analyzed by single ANOVA, and if they affected, it continue with Duncan test with P <0.05. The results of this research showed significant differences between the control group and treatments in the analysis of monolaminar primary follicles, multilaminar primary follicles, secondary follicles, de Graaf follicles and atresia follicles. Concentration of decoction simplicia pulutan leaves 7,5% begin to reduce the number of multilaminar primary follicles, and de Graaf follicles and begin to increase the number of follicles atresia, whereas at the concentration 10% begin to reduce the number of monolaminar primary follicles and secondary follicles. The conclusion of this study is that pulutan leaf simplicia decoction (Urena lobata L.) can reduce the number of follicles in monolaminar primary follicles, multilaminar primary follicles, secondary follicles, de Graaf follicles and increase the number of atresia follicles.

Keywords
decoction simplicia pulutan leaves (Urena lobata L.), the number of mice follicles

Topic
Biomedical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fZxUe7cM3KvC

Corresponding Author
Lirofiatillah Lirofiatillah

Institutions
(1) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
State University of Malang, Jl. Semarang 5 Malang 65145, Indonesia
(2) Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University, Bulaksumur, Caturtunggal, Kec. Depok, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

Abstract
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that produce oil which have the potential for fuel production. Increasing the growth of microalgae can be done by co-culture. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of photobioreactor prototype shape, aeration period and interaction between the aeration period and the photobioreactor prototype form on the growth of co-culture Chlorella sp cells with bacteria. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The form of the prototype used is the cube and horizontal plate. The treatment of different aeration periods consists of 6A: 18TA; 12A: 12TA; 18A: 6 TA and 24 A: 0 TA (A = Aeration, TA = No Aeration). The study was carried out by observing Chlorella sp cell density in co-culture with bacteria every 7 days. The results showed that the optimal prototype shape was a horizontal plate with an average cell density of 11.48x10 4 cells/ml. Horizontal plates are also often referred to as flat panels. This flat panel photobioreactor has a length and height and a narrow width to allow for greater penetration of light. Aeration serves to prevent the deposition of microalgae and the homogenization of the environment, so that all cells can obtain light and food, facilitate gas exchange between the cultivation and air environments. The optimal aeration period was 12 hours aeration: 12 hours not aerated with a mean cell density of 38.8 x10 4 cells/ml. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the treatment of prototype forms and aeration periods towards the growth of Chlorella sp cells co-culture with bacteria. The results also showed that there was no interaction between the different aeration periods and the photobioreactor prototype on the growth of co-culture Chlorella sp cells with bacteria.

Keywords
Prototype, photobioreactor, aeration, co-culture

Topic
Microbiology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/zNZYgRw9BA76

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Hariz Asraf

Institutions
a) Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 UTM Johor, Malaysia.
b)Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials (CSNano), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research (ISI-SIR), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 UTM Johor, Malaysia.
*niknizam[at]utm.my

Abstract
There have been purposeful researches in synergistic combination of organic and inorganic materials as antibacterial agent which aims to combine two or more antibacterial compounds in a carrier system. This research aimed to study the physicochemical properties of silver loaded kaolinite attached with different amount of cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium (HDTMA) and its effect on Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Kaolinite was initially modified with silver ion and later, with different concentrations of HDTMA (50, 75, and 100% of CEC of the kaolinite). The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analyser. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion technique against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Characterization results showed that kaolinite was successfully modified with silver ion and HDTMA. For antibacterial assay, S. aureus was more susceptible than E. coli due to differences in their peptidoglycan structure. Surfactant-modified silver kaolinite was more effective in inhibiting bacterial growth than silver kaolinite with inhibition diameters of 2.3 cm and 1.7 cm, respectively. However, the different concentrations of HDTMA did not contribute to the inhibitory effects against the bacteria. Thus, the low concentration of HDTMA loaded on silver-kaolinite is suitable to be used as antibacterial agent.

Keywords
kaolinite; hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide; silver ion; antibacterial

Topic
Biotechnology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/reFkzBQXU7Rg

Corresponding Author
Yudi Purnomo

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Malang

Abstract
Introduction: Malathion is one of organophosphate pesticides that can cause intoxication when used inappropriately. Pulutan (Urena lobata) is medicinal plant used to treat some diseases empirically and pre-clinical study has already proven its efficacy as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The study aims to evaluate the potential of Urena lobata (U. lobata) leaf extract on blood glucose level and hemoglobin (Hb) in the juvenile and adult of zebra fish (Danio rerio) exposed by malathion. Methods: The object study using juvenile and adult of zebra fish (Danio rerio) which divided into each 2 control group and 3 test group (n=4). The leaf of U. lobata was extracted by decoction methods therefore it was diluted into 125 mg/L, 250 mg/L and 500 mg/L. The animal test was exposed by herbs for 40 days concomitant with malathion 5 mg/L. Blood glucose level and Hb were measured using a commercially available glucometer and Hb meter. All data are expressed as the mean ± SD and analyzed with one-way anova and continued with LSD (p<0.05). Results: The administration of U.lobata leaf extract at dose of 125 mg/L and 500 mg/L able to inhibit the decrease of Hb level more and less 10 % and 20 % respectively compare to malathion group (p<0.05) both of on juvenile and adult of zebra fish (Danio rerio). Whereas the blood glucose level was decreased by 40%, 60% and 40% (p<0.05) respectively on juvenile that were given U. lobata at dose of 125 mg/L, 250 mg/L and 500 mg/L, meanwhile on adult of zebra fish were reduced 60%, 50% and 50% respectively (p<0.05). Conclusion: U. lobata leaf extract is able to inhibit the increase of blood glucose level and the decrease of Hb level both of on juvenile and adult of zebra fish (Danio rerio).

Keywords
adult, blood glucose, Danio rerio, hemoglobin, juvenile, malathion, Urena lobata

Topic
Biomedical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/WzAhrHP7MeFv

Corresponding Author
Siti Imroatul Maslikah

Institutions
Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Malang
c)Corresponding author: siti.imroatul.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Red betel leaf contains numerous phytochemical compounds that can be used as an antiinflammatory agent of rheumatoid arthritis. This research was conducted to determine the effect of red betel leaf extract on IL-1β and mole feet oedema thickness of RA model. Mice were modeled for RA by intraperitonally administered with 0.01 ml CFA and IFA on the near of left foot area with approximately 0.03 ml volume. The treatment was carried out for three weeks. Measurement of feet oedema thickness was done before and after treatment by using sliding, then the data were analyzed by using ANAKOVA. At the end of the treatment, the mice are empowered and dissected. Blood collected from the heart. IL-1β levels were measured using indirect ELISA technique and data were analyzed using single ANAVA. The results showed that red betel leaf extract of 200 mg/ml had a tendency to decrease IL-1β level in RA mice, whereas the thickness of oedema in mice of RA could be lowered by red leaf extract of 400 mg/ml. This results suggested that a decrease in IL-1β levels is also accompanied by a decrease in oedema thickness, due to an improved mechanism of the mice pane in RA mice.

Keywords
red betel leaf extract, rheumatoid arthritis, IL-1β level, oedema thickness

Topic
Biomedical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AREG8gqKL7PW