Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Indah Rosidah Maemunah

Institutions
ITB

Abstract
This paper addresses the neutronic analysis in Helium cooled blanket. The blanket design is justified in ITER where illustrated in solid breeder blanket, so the breeder material considered is ceramic solid breeding material that will have to be tritium self-sufficient condition. The Li2O, LiAlO2, Li2ZrO3, Li4SiO3 and Li2TiO3 are candidate of ceramic solid breeder to be tritium breeder in fusion blanket systems. The blanket had to be designed by beryllium as neutron multiplier because its property minimized these neutron losses. The work presented using the Monte Carlo simulation MCNP that developed in Los Alamos National Laboratory (2010) to evaluate the tritium breeding capability. It investigated neutron thermalization and multiplier, tritium production methods, and tritium breeding requirement.

Keywords
Breeding, ceramic solid, fusion, Helium, tritium

Topic
Nuclear and Radiation Computation

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/mPyTt3uxMfq4

Corresponding Author
Cici Wulandari

Institutions
1Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
Institut Teknologi Bandung,INDONESIA
2Department of Physics and Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
Institut Teknologi Bandung,INDONESIA
*awaris[at]fi.itb.ac.id

Abstract
A preliminary conceptual design is conducted for 100 MW(electric) of Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) fueled with 233U. Neutronic parameters analysis of 100 MWe MSR are carried out by using the Monte Carlo method with MCNP6 program. The reactor can be operated for about 5 years without refueling and any exchange of graphite moderator. The unique liquid salt fuel form increases the reactor proliferation resistance because all radioactive isotopes in the core are hard to be separated. This one is a characteristic of Generation IV nuclear power system. The chemical compositions of fuel salt are LiF-BeF2-ThF4-233UF4. The Thorium utilization in the fuel provided sustainable energy in the reactor due to the breeding capability. The 233U concentration was varied to get the reactor criticality changes. The result showed that 233U loaded in fuel concentration is about 0.9 %mol for burnup 6.33GWd/MTU. This calculation is expected to be a preliminary analysis of the MSR development for future energy.

Keywords
MCNP6, Monte Carlo, MSR, Thorium, Uranium

Topic
Nuclear and Radiation Computation

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/nutNH9zW4rAx

Corresponding Author
Ariq Dhia Irfanudin

Institutions
a) System Modeling Laboratory, State Islamic University Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Jalan A. H. Nasution 105, Bandung 40614, Indonesia
*1157030004[at]student.uinsgd.ac.id
b) Nuclear and Biophysics Laboratory, Bandung Institute of Technology
Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
The flocking phenomenon has been exploring in many points of view. In simulating a flocking, there are some models that capable describing it in a quantitive way such as the Vicsek model. In nature, Instead of a bird pay attention to all of the birds while doing flock, the bird only has to pay attention to the nearest-neighbor. It is costly during the simulation if a particle has to check its location relative to the whole of particles. Therefore, we serve an optimization method to handle it. There is quadtree, a tree data structure that will take a space then section it in four sections so on. This paper shows the approach by simulation of the large-scale flocking system to be more efficient.

Keywords
Flocking, Vicsek Modeling, Quadtree

Topic
Complex system modelling

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/k7GjLyMDFmZQ

Corresponding Author
Firasti Agung N Sumadi

Institutions
a) Pharmacy Department, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia
*firasti[at]umm.ac.id
b) Center for Application of Isotopes and Radiation, National Nuclear Energy Agency, Indonesia
c) Department of Medicine, Universitas Jendral Soedirman
d) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
e) Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Abstract
Chitosan is odorless white powder derived from the partial deacetylation of chitin which is a polysaccharide consisting of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine. Chitosan is commercially available in several types and has molecular weights that vary between 10,000 and 1,000,000. Chitosan has positively charged basic chain that can easily form nano complex with nucleic acid in this case including negatively charged microRNA. MicroRNA has a large role in the regulation of cancer signaling tissue so that a therapeutic approach is needed to restore balance of dysregulated miRNA. The nature of microRNA which is very susceptible to enzyme degradation requires a special system so that it is competent to deliver microRNA into the cytoplasm. One of the factors that influence the efficiency of transfection of chitosan nano complex with a nucleic acid to body cells is molecular weight. In this research,the chitosan molecular weight reduction method was carried out to increase nano complex delivery using gamma-ray irradiation. Furthermore, characterization was carried out to determine the irradiated chitosan molecular weight using intrinsic viscosity then proceed with FTIR analysis to determine changes in chemical structure and applied further by using it in nano complex formulations with microRNA 155-p, a microRNA that experienced downregulation in ovarian cancer thus requiring mimic therapy. Results showed a decrease in chitosan molecular weight after being irradiated from 110,188 dalton to 15,209 dalton while FTIR spectra showed a break of the 1-4 glycoside bonds which was equivalent to severance of the main chain of polysaccharides. Electrophoresis results showed that irradiated chitosan was able to form nanocomplex with microRNA 155-5p but transfection was not able to deliver microRNA 155-5p into the SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells.

Keywords
. irradiated chitosan; nano complex; microRNA

Topic
Pharmaceutical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/r7kRN9jGChed

Corresponding Author
Riski Sulistiarini

Institutions
(a) School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung, Indonesia, 40132
kikyidris[at]gmail.com; riskisulistiarini[at]student.itb.ac.id
(b) Pharmacy Faculty of Mulawarman University, Jl. Gn. Kelua, Samarinda, East Borneo, Indonesia, 75243
(c) Biotech Center BPPT, Building 630 PUSPIPTEK Area, Setu, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314

Abstract
This study aims to determine the cytotoxic effects of Fibraurea tinctorial plants on DLD1 colon cancer cell lines in vitro and determine the IC50 values of these plants. The test begins with cell-line culture in the DMEM medium. Cultures that were ready with an estimated concentration in fresh media of 2.5x 104cells / 200uL were exposed to 0.4uL test material in 0.1% DMSO with concentrations starting at 6.25 ppm; 12.5 ppm; 25 ppm; 50 ppm; 100 ppm; 200ppm; 400ppm; 800ppm; and 1600ppm which was then incubated for 48 hours. The results are from methanol extract, hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and HA and HB subfraction from Fibraurea tinctorial plants, only HB subfaction which shows inhibitory activity against DLD1 colon cancer cell line with 28% at 1600 ppm concentration

Keywords
Anticancer; dld1 Celline; Cytotoxicity Assay

Topic
Pharmaceutical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qGF8garjmeRQ

Corresponding Author
Nirmala Sari

Institutions
a) Faculty of Culture, Halu Oleo University, South East of Sulawesi, Kendari Indonesia
*nirsidu[at]gmail.com
b)Faculty of Teacher and Education, Halu Oleo University South East of Sulawesi, Kendari Indonesia
c)Faculty of Teacher and Education, Halu Oleo University South East of Sulawesi, Kendari Indonesia
d) Faculty of Culture, Halu Oleo University, South East of Sulawesi, Kendari Indonesia
e) Faculty of Culture, Halu Oleo University, South East of Sulawesi, Kendari Indonesia

Abstract
This article describes the flora lexicon of kaghati in Muna Speech Community (MSC) through ecolinguistics perspective. Kaghati ‘the kite- is one type of the traditional games and a tribal cultural product in MSC which still exists today. All the materials and tools of the kite ‘kaghati- are taken from nature, i.e. the wall of kaghati is made from gadung leaf or roo kolope in Muna Language (ML). Therefore, this article aims to: (1) find and describe the flora lexicon of kaghati; and (2) analyze the dynamic of inter-generational understanding. The method used is qualitative and supported by quantitative methods. The data needed were obtained by observation, interview, and questionnaire methods. Then, the questionnaire is conducted upon 150 respondents. The range of the respondents- ages was from 15 to 65 years. Based on data analysis, there were two findings found: (1) the flora lexicon of kaghati consists of fifteen lexicons as nominal and biotic category. (2) There is a different level of inter-generational understanding on flora lexicon of kaghati. The old generation (46-65 years) 84% (good), the middle generation (25-45 years) 74% (good), and the young generation (15-24 years) 55% (good enough).

Keywords
flora lexicon, kaghati, Muna Speech Community, ecolinguistic

Topic
Language

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Xhd8JumPQ6BW

Corresponding Author
Daniek Viviandhari

Institutions
1234 Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi dan Sains, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. HAMKA, Jakarta

Abstract
Data nasional menunjukkan prevalensi penyakit jantung koroner sebesar 3,6%. Prevalensi dislipidemia adalah 35,9%. Dislipidemia mempunyai hubungan kausal dengan penyakit kardiovaskular. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, ekstrak etanol 70% buah oyong terbukti memiliki aktivitas antihiperlipidemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas fraksi ekstrak etanol 70% buah oyong terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol total, LDL, dan trigliserida pada hamster hiperlipidemia. Sejumlah 28 ekor hamster dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok. Kelompok I (kontrol normal), Kelompok II (kontrol negatif), Kelompok III (kontrol positif), Kelompok IV (fraksi etil asetat), Kelompok V (fraksi n-heksan), Kelompok VI (fraksi air) diberikan dosis fraksi 36,75 mg/kgBB, Kelompok VII (ekstrak etanol) diberi dosis ekstrak 240 mg/kgBB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hamster kelompok IV, V, VI, VII mengalami penurunan kadar kolesterol total, LDL, dan trigliserida. Analisis statistik dengan ANOVA satu arah menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pada perlakuan yang diberikan (p=0,005). Uji Tukey menunjukan kelompok VI memberikan efek sebanding dengan kontrol positif dengan persentase penurunan kadar kolesterol total sebesar 56,03% dan LDL sebesar 52,14%, sedangkan pada trigliserida menunjukkan bahwa kelompok IV memiliki aktivitas yang sebanding dengan kontrol positif dengan persen penurunan sebesar 59,51%.

Keywords
Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb, kolesterol total, LDL, trigliserida

Topic
Farmakologi dan Klinik TOOT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/zbnmJXTq6jKE

Corresponding Author
I Putu Sudayasa

Institutions
1,4,5,6Doctoral Postgraduate of Medical Studies Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University
2.3 Medical Studies Program, Faculty of Medicine, Halu Oleo University

Abstract
Pokea clam (Batissa violacea var. Celebensis von Martens, 1897), consists of protein 50.48%, fat 6.86%, carbohydrate 29.13%, fiber 5.53%, and water 2.70%. Based on dry weight, pokea clam includes high protein (>50%), moderate fat (> 5%), and high carbohydrate (> 20%). Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol which is about 45% of all types of lipoproteins so that it can be said that LDL cholesterol is the main cholesterol carrier in the blood. Protein, cholesterol, triglycerides, are the basic ingredients of lipoprotein formation. High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol functions as a carrier behind cholesterol from peripheral tissue to the liver. This study aims to determine the relationship between the consumption pattern of pokea clam and protein with LDL and HDL levels in patients with hypertension in the coastal area of Sampara District. This study used an observational analysis method with a case control study design. Research location in the area of the Sampara District. The number of samples was 60 people consisting of 30 case samples and 30 control samples using purposive sampling technique. The data was taken using a questionnaire pokea clam consumption pattern, Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ-SQ) questionnaire and blood pressure data using mercury sphygmomanometer. Result of the data obtained were processed by analysis of Chi-Square test data with a value of p<0.05 accompanied by an Odd Ratio value. Statistical analysis showed that the relationship between pokea clam consumption patterns (ρ=0,604; OR=1,408) and protein consumption patterns (ρ=0,218; OR=2,051) with LDL levels. The consumption patterns of pokea (OR= 1.259, p=0.704) and protein consumption patterns (OR=0.889, p=0.839) with HDL levels. There were no correlation between pokea clam consumption pattern and protein with LDL and HDL levels in hypertensive patients of Sampara District.

Keywords
Batissa violacea celebencis, LDL, HDL, Hypertension, Pokea clam, Protein

Topic
Nutrition and Quality of life

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jmrh9zM3LuKa

Corresponding Author
Rico

Institutions
(a) Department of Agricultural Socio-Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University
(b) Departement of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University
(c) Agribusiness Study Program at Postgraduate, Hasanuddin University
*ricosia3[at]gmail.com
Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10 Makassar 90245

Abstract
Smallholder plantations in South Sulawesi Province produce an average of 12.50% of Indonesias Arabica coffee, equivalent to 20.10 thousand tons per year. In 2015 Arabica coffee produced by community plantations in the province reached 20.35 thousand. One of the largest Arabica coffee production centers in South Sulawesi Province is in North Toraja Regency, in 2017 it gave a production share of 10.37% or a total production of 2.11 thousand tons. However, the current problem in North Toraja Regency is the low purchase value of collectors who come directly to farmers gardens and appreciate Arabica coffee of Rp. 18,000 / liter which still has epidermis, if converted to kilograms requires around 2.1 liters, which if the total is only Rp. 36,000 / kg. This study aims to formulate the lowest unit price policy for Arabica coffee in North Toraja Regency which is used as a reference for the average selling price of Arabica coffee (actual price). This research was conducted in North Toraja Regency, South Sulawesi Province using purposive informants, which were analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results showed that the lowest unit price of coffee commodity can be formulated in the amount of Rp. 28,000 / liter still has epidermis by increasing the price received by farmers by Rp. 10,000, by considering prices at the level of traders and companies so that they continue to provide benefits for each marketing institution. With this policy will have an impact on increasing the productivity and welfare of coffee farmers so that the sustainability of coffee commodity farming in Indonesia is increasing.

Keywords
Arabica Coffee, Fixed Unit Price Fixing, Farmer Income Increase

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BYakj7ctz2Mu

Corresponding Author
Bambang Setiawan

Institutions
a). Student of Study Program Agribussiness, Faculty of Postgraduate, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10, Makassar 90245, Indonesia

b). Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University Makassar

E-mail : bambangsetiawan172[at]gmail.com

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze strategies for strengthening various partnership models for cocoa marketing. At the level of the farmers of Polewali Mandar district, the population of this study amounts to 75 farmers divided into 3 groups at the level of the existing partnership models (companies, cooperatives and traders), The analysis technique used consists in using a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) to formulate objectives in the form of strategic actions based on external facts and internal facts to determine the strategy. The results showed that the internal factors of this study were: 1) Availability of land for cocoa farms 2) High potential productivity 3) Infrastructure available. The weaknesses of this study are: 1) a minimum of capital contribution, 2) limited availability of technology 3) pest and disease attacks. External opportunities include: 1) strong market demand, 2) ease of market access, 3) opening up investment opportunities, threats from this study 1) land-use change 2 ) price volatility and 3) the extreme climate.

Keywords
Strategy, Partnership Model, Farmer

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/HUeVxETvgJB9

Corresponding Author
diah angreheni

Institutions
Agribusiness Study Program, Graduate School Hasanuddin University, Makassar,
90245, Indonesia
*diahangreheni88[at]gmail.com
**rdarma[at]unhas.ac.id
***otheasrul1963[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
Contract farming is a price control through the agreement of sale arrangement between farmer and firm taken before the starting of production process. Red chili price has a great fluctuation due seasonal production. The objective of the study is to analyze the influence factors red chili price on contract farming. The study compares the constraints, participation, and the impact to the price of red chili between contract and non-contract of farmers. The study carried out in Magelang District, Central Java Province on June to August 2019. Survey method was used with purposive sampling method to 45 respondent of non-contract farmers and 40 respondent for contract farmer. The data analysis used were statistical t-test and coefficient of variation. The results of the study indicated that farmer with contract farming has the minimum price of IDR 9000 per kg and increasing following market price, while the selling price of non-contract farming based on the market price which always fluctuated. Factors affect contract farmers are offering fixed price, and market guarantee while the non-contract farmers are least of information about contract farming. Contract farming should be promoted to sustain chili production and farmer income.

Keywords
Contract farming, Red Chili, Price

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/w8rDWzTvUxEV

Corresponding Author
Anshariah

Institutions
(a)Graduate Student of Earth and Environmental Technology, Geological Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University 90245, Indonesia.
*anshariah.anshariah[at]umi.ac.id
(b)Geological Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University 90245, Indonesia
(c)Mining Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University 90245, Indonesia
(d)Mining Engineering Department, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Abstract
This study aims to correlate fixed carbon using proximate analysis and calorific value analysis in the South Sulawesi coal of the Mallawa Formation. The study was conducted at two locations, namely in the Massenrengpulu Region of Bone Regency and Pujananting Region in Barru Regency. The research method used is the collection of field data each using the channel sampling method (ply by ply), which represents the lower layer, middle layer and upper layer of coal. Then a proximate analysis is performed to obtain the fixed carbon and an analysis of the calorific value. The results of the analysis show that, coal in the Pujananting area shows a correlation between the percentage of fixed carbon and the calorific value has a very good correlation with the linear regression value of 0.9994. Likewise in the Mallawa Formation coal in the Massenrengpulu area, the correlation of fixed carbon and calorific value showed a very good correlation with a linear regression value of 0.9998. An increase in the percentage of fixed carbon in coal will be followed by an increase in the calorific value. This increasingly shows a very strong correlation between fixed carbon and the calorific value of coal.

Keywords
Calorific value; Correlation; Fixed carbon; Linier regression; Massenrengpulu; Pujananting

Topic
History of Energy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/czxebVw6hAZ4

Corresponding Author
Hidayat Suryanto Suwoyo

Institutions
*1Agricultural Science Program, Graduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
2Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Maros, Indonesia.
3Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

Abstract
Productions and utilizations of organic fertilizers originating from solid waste of super intensive shrimp farms to reduce the amount of wastewater released to the surrounding areas and its environmental impacts, are recommended to support both aquaculture and agriculture industries. This study was aimed to evaluate growth of natural feed (plankton and lablab) fertilized by organic fertilizer originating from super intensive shrimp farm and other different fertilizers. Completely randomized design was applied in this study with four treatments and three replications. The following treatments were urea + SP-36 + organic fertilizers originating from intensive shrimp farm + isolated shrimp ponds bacteria ISO (A), urea + SP-36 + commercial organic fertilizer (B), Urea + SP-36 + chicken manure fertilizer (C) and control, (urea + SP-36) (D). The dosages of fertilizers were: urea 200 kg/ha, SP-36 100 kg/ha, and organic fertilizers (solid waste originating from super intensive shrimp farm, commercial organic fertilizer and chicken manure fertilizer) 2000 kg/ha. The measured variables were species composition and abundance of phytoplankton, biomass of lablab, and water quality. The results of this study indicated that treatments A and B resulted high in number of plankton genera, which was 19 genera, whereas treatments C and D only 10 genera. The highest mean abundance of plankter was found in Treatment A, which was 14,571 ind/L, followed by Treatment B, 9,489 ind/L; Treatment C was 8,717 ind/L and the lowest was found in Treatment D, 5,066 ind/L. The dominant phytoplankton observed in this study was Oscillatoria sp. whereas the most observed zooplankton was Branchionus sp. The mean biomass of lablab produced from solid waste originating from super intensive shrimp farm was 4.35 g/100 cm2 which was not significantly different (p>0.05) from Treatments B and C, yet significantly different (p<0,05) from the control. The water quality variables measured during this study was within the acceptance values for natural feed productions.

Keywords
lablab, solid waste, plankton, organic fertilizers, super intensive shrimp farm

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/QjVDEw8yZxGr

Corresponding Author
Putra Astaman

Institutions
a) Student of Study Program Agribusiness, Faculty of Postgraduate, Hasanuddin University, Perintis Kemerdekaan street KM. 10, Makassar city 90245, South Celebes, Indonesia
*email: utthaastaman[at]gmail.com
b) Lecturer at the Department of Social Economics of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University
c) Lecturer at the Department Science of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Hasanuddin University

Abstract
The demand for eggs in this study is influenced by several factors, namely the price of the item itself, the price of the substitute items. The consumption of animal protein is the most popular among the Indonesian population, among which are purebred chicken eggs. In addition to being easy to obtain, prices are also more affordable for all levels of society. This research was aimed to analyze the effect of chicken egg price, broiler chicken meat price, and tempe price on the demand for chicken eggs of residential consumers in the sub-region of Biringkanaya district in Makassar city. The research method being employed in this study was a survey method. Sampling was conducted through cluster random sampling method, the data collected included the primary data from 60 household respondents through observations, interviews and questionnaires, then the data obtained will be analyzed using Multiple Linear Analysis using a computer program of Statistical Solution of Products and Services. The results of this study showed that the independent variables are price of chicken eggs, broiler chicken meat price and tempe price significantly affected the demand for chicken eggs. While partially that each of the prices chicken eggs and broiler chicken meat are significantly affected the demand chicken eggs, and tempe price not significantly affected.

Keywords
price, demand, chicken eggs, broiler chicken meat, tempe

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vbkQe7ChA6Xj

Corresponding Author
Nasruddin Junus

Institutions
Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Concrete began to use substitute materials to reduce the brittle nature. Substitution material is material that can replace concrete material both coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and cement with other materials, such as Portland cement with steel slag, broken stone (coarse aggregate) with pumice and other stones. One of the benefits of the concrete material substitution method is that it can use organic waste. Organic waste can be in the form of residual production or usage, one of which is the candlenut shell which is a waste of candlenutThe candlenut shell is a new potential that can be developed and utilized even greater. Of course It can increase the economic value of the candlenut shell which has only been known as a waste material from the candlenut. The composition of the candlenut shells are CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, H2O, Fe2O3. When all reacts, there will be residual SiO2 that has not yet reacted to form a silica derivative reaction with CSH-2 gel resulting in a denser CSH-3 gel, which will increase the cement paste and aggregate. The purpose of this discussion is to determine the compressive strength value of candlenut shell concrete at 0% and 30% variation on the plates using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) at 28 days. The method used is experimental by testing samples / specimens in the form of reinforced plate size of 50cmx25cmx12cm with wet curing and dry curing methods with a variation in age of 28 days. Concrete compressive strength testing is done using UPV tools. The results of this discussion are the compressive strength of 30% candlenut shell variations on the application of the plate shows that the quality of the concrete produced in the wet curing reaches 18 MPa or equivalent to the quality of the K 225 concrete and the dry curing is only 14 MPa or equivalent to the quality of K175, while the variation Candlenut shells 0% (normal concrete) reach 28 MPa on wet curing and 24 MPa on dry curing. This shows that the plate with a variation of 30% candlenut shells are still able to achieve concrete quality II for use in structural work.

Keywords
UPV, Concrete, candelnut shell, compressive strength

Topic
Renewable Energy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LWQGmtE2KMRD

Corresponding Author
Chalvyn Silasa Pakidi

Institutions
1Doctoral Program of Agricultural Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
2Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries , Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
The aims of this study were to evaluate survival dan morphological performances of tiger shrimp P. monodon after methanol/water (1:1) extracted Sargassum duplicatum immersion under different dosages. Four treatments were applied during this study, which were 600 (A), 700 (B), 800 (C) and 0 ppm (D) as control. Samples of PL-4 of tiger shrimp were immersed then the survival rates were calculated for each treatment. The number of post larva for each treatment was 6 individuals. The morphological performances of larvae were observed under microscope to access antennules, hepatopancreas, front gut, midgut, uropods, tail muscle, chromatophores, fouling and stress appearances. The “+” sign was recorded for larvae with normal morphological performances; in contrast the “-“ sign was recorded for samples with non-normal performances. The results of this study showed that the immersion of tiger shrimp post larvae in methanol:water extracted Sargassum duplicatum did not significantly affect survival rates of tiger shrimp post larvae. Morphological performances of tiger shrimp post larvae observed in antennules, front gut, midgut, uropods, tail muscle, chromatophores, fouling and stress appearances were similar among all treatments. In contrast, hepatopancreas showed anomaly between treatments indicating Sargassum duplicatum contain bioactive to combat microorganisms cause diseases on tiger shrimp.

Keywords
survival rates, morphological performances, Sargassum duplicatum, tiger shrimp

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dMC8RhzFgbKa

Corresponding Author
Muh Haidir Hakim

Institutions
a. Agribusiness Study Program at Postgraduate, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea, Jalan Printis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi
*email: Haidirhakim13[at]gmail.com
b. Departemen of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Animal Husbandry. Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea, Jalan Printis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi
c. Departemen of Managemen, Faculty of Economy and Business. Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea, Jalan Printis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi

Abstract
ABSTRACT Agribusiness of cattle is an activity that integrates the development of the agricultural sector simultaneously with the development of industrial sectors and related services in a group of cattle industry from upstream to downstream. This study aims to determine the increase in income of farmers through artificial insemination in agricultural businesses of cattle in the central district of Sinjai, Regency of Sinjai. There are 100 breeders determined on purpose, which consisted of 50 breeders of natural mating cattle and 50 breeders of artificial insemination cattle that were interviewed to be used as data sources. The data analysis uses the income formula and is descriptively explained and uses the artificial insemination efficiency formula. Based on the results obtained from the sale of both natural and artificial insemination cattle, a significant difference can be seen between the two, a natural mating cow can only be worth millions if it is one year old, while the cattle of IB only needs a matter of months to be valued in millions of rupees, it is due to differences in the acceleration of growth between natural mating and the results of the IB that result in income differences between breeders of natural mating and IB, IB breeders experience a significant increase in income compared to natural mating breeders. The majority of the cows sold by breeders in Central Sinjai are bulls, which is quite disturbing for breeders of natural breed cattle due to the fact that many begin to switch to IB when their cows are lustful but do not find bulls. IB is a solution for breeders who do not find bulls, IB is also considered more efficient because it can prevent inbreeding and lesions during mating and the average success rate is high because only once the injection of a cow has been pregnant And, more importantly, the resulting offspring are larger and faster growing and high selling prices.

Keywords
Increase in income, natural marriage, IB effectiveness

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/TdQWVnpLqH9f

Corresponding Author
Paulina Taba

Institutions
Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Wastewater resulted from textile dyeing is an enormous pollutant around the world. Therefore, the existence of dyes, such as brilliant scarlet (BS), in the water environment have to be removed. Mesoporous silica (MCM-48) was used to remove BS through adsorption process. MCM-48 was hydrothermally prepaired using co-surfactant of CTAB and Triton X-100 as a template. After being synthesized, the material was washed once and twice with HCl-ethanol to remove surfactants used. Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were methods utilized to characterize MCM-48 materials. We studied the ability of washed MCM-48 materials (washed once, MCM-48-W1 and washed twice, MCM-48-W2) to remove BS from aqueous media with a variation of contact time, pH and concentration. A UV-Vis Spectrophotometer was an instrument used for measuring the concentration of BS after adsorption at a wavelength of 505 nm. The adsorption isotherms of BS by washed MCM-48 materials were studied using Langmuir and Freundlich models. It was found that the optimum time adsorption of BS by MCM-48-W1 and MCM-48-W2 was 60 min. The optimum pH adsorption of the dye by MCM-48-W1 was 6, whereas those by MCM-48-W2 was 5. The adsorption of BS by MCM-48-W1 and MCM-48-W2 obeyed the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The adsorption capacity of the former was higher than that of the later. This result showed that mesoporous materials that still had some surfactants are promising to be used as adsorbent of dye.

Keywords
adsorption, mesoporous silica (MCM-48), adsorption isotherm, brilliant scarlet

Topic
Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kuNM964HGFZW

Corresponding Author
Muh Ikmal saleh

Institutions
a). Student of Study Program Agribussiness, Faculty of Postgraduate, Hasanuddin University, Perintis Kemerdekaan street KM 10, Makassar city 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
*email: muhikmal0102[at]gmail.com
b) lecturer at the department of social economics , faculty agriculture,Hasanuddin University, Perintis Kemerdekaan street KM 10, Makassar city 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
c)Departmen of managemen, Faculty of Economy and busines, Hasanuddin Unversity, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract
ABSTRACT Potato (Solanum tuberosum L) is one of the horticultural products that receives priority for the development of diversified food consumption, so potatoes are one of the most important food products in the world. One type of potato grown by the people of Indonesia is the granola potato. In terms of cultivation, potatoes are more resistant to pests or diseases. Potato granola is one of the important plant products that have potential business opportunities, and is one of the leading commodities in the Tombolo Pao district. The method used in this study is a qualitative and quantitative method that includes: descriptive analysis, agricultural analysis, IFE matrix analysis and EFE, SWOT analysis. The results of the analysis show that the condition of the potato agribusiness system in the Tombolo Pao District still does not work optimally, due to the non-functioning of the upstream subsystem, where the acquisition of production facilities is still carried out individually, which causes the lack of production inputs, that is, the problem of potato granola seeds. In the crop subsystem, potato cultivation has provided farmers with a gain of Rp1,530 / kg with an R / C ratio of 1.25, which means that each rupee cash expense generated will generate an income of Rp1.25. Due to the resulting R / C ratio, it is feasible to develop this farm. In the marketing subsystem, potatoes have been marketed in Kalimantan and Sulawesi Southeast. Prices are determined by collectors. In the downstream (processing) subsystem, not all processed potato entrepreneurs use potatoes as raw material, which makes new potatoes sold in fresh produce. In the service and support subsystems, with the support of agricultural extension workers who accompany and provide information related to potato cultivation, but from the support capital, farmers have not used the credit provided by financial institutions because they still use Private capital. Based on the identification of internal and external factors, several wishes are obtained to move forward and learn from the farmer groups and the government.

Keywords
Agribusiness, Strategy Development, SWOT

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tQXyrFE47TnJ

Corresponding Author
HARIFUDDIN HALIM

Institutions
1,2Universitas Bosowa, Makassar, Indonesia
3STKP Cokroaminoto, Pinrang, Indonesia
4Universitas Negeri Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia
5Universitas Tadulako, Palu, Indonesia

Abstract
Traditional agriculture has always been taking place in rural areas. This agricultural model tends to utilize simple technology and is in accordance with local socio-cultural conditions. The traditional agricultural model is also the opposition of modern agriculture in the concept of a green environment or a green earth. If modern agriculture has many negative impacts on the environment, then traditional agriculture has many positive impacts on the lives of all earth creatures. This paper aims to reveal the actions of farmers in managing their agricultural land based on local knowledge. This research took place in three locations, namely: (1) Labuku Village, Maiwa District, Enrekang Regency, (2) Ilan Batu Village, Walenrang Barat District, Luwu Regency, (3) Segeri Village Segeri District, Pangkep Regency. The informants of this study were farmers in the three regions. Each region has 2 informants so that the total were 6 informants. The key informants are each of the traditional leaders, and village officials. Data collection using interview techniques, observation, and study of literature. Data analysis uses Three-Flow techniques namely reduction, categorization, and conclusion. The results showed that traditional farming techniques in Labuku, Ilan Batu, and Segeri Village were characterized by rain-fed rice fields, not using chemical fertilizers as plant fertilizers, rice disease repellent, and rat repellent but instead using betel leaves, betel nuts and lime. Even so, high-quality rice is harvested once a year. The conclusion of this research is that traditional knowledge-based agriculture in the research location always uses the surrounding environment resources. Such methods directly impact on the creation of a green environment and indirectly counteract the negative impacts of modern agriculture

Keywords
green earth, modern agriculture, traditional agriculture, environmental degradation

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9jCptyTMmaQR

Corresponding Author
Nursiah La Nafie

Institutions
Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Eucheuma spinosum is one of seaweed species that can be found abundantly in Takalar Regency. The biomass of this seaweed has been used to remove Mn(II) ion from the aqueous solution via the adsorption process using E.spinosum. The adsorption of Mn(II) ion was studied in various contact time, pH and concentration. An Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was an instrument used to determine the amount of ion before and after adsorption. Langmuir and Freundlich equations were used to study the adsorption isotherms of the ion. The results showed that the optimum time obtained was 20 minutes and the optimum pH was 4. The Freundlich isotherm fitted the adsorption of ion Mn(II) using E. spinosum with the capacity (Qo) of 9.07 mg/g. The functional group involved in biosorption of Mn(II) metal ions was hydroxyl (-OH) groups.

Keywords
Eucheuma spinosum, biosorpyion, Mn(II), Freundlich and Langmuir

Topic
Waste to Energy Potential Resources

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/UECzAmZkGqY8

Corresponding Author
Nur Alam Putri

Institutions
Accounting Department, Faculty of Economics and Business, Hasanuddin University, Makassar.

Abstract
This study aims to examine the performance of government development financing sukuk/SBSN compared with bonds/SUN period 2014-2017. The method used is descriptive quantitative with secondary data. The data obtained were analyzed and concluded based on a predetermined framework. The results of the analysis based on the method of efficiency ratio, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Value at Risk (VaR) shown that SUN have a high efficiency and high risk, while SBSN have a low efficiency and low risk. Based on the analysis of the Efficient Portfolio Frontier shown that an efficient portfolio exist at risk level to 0.14% and profit rate up to 369.31% exist in the proportion of 60% SBSN financing and 40% SUN financing proportion, it means that the Sukuk financing portfolio was better rather than Bonds financing portfolio.

Keywords
financing performance; SBSN; SUN; efficiency; risk.

Topic
Social and Economy Framework of Energy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JdT2xnbw6uWU

Corresponding Author
Maat Pono

Institutions
Faculty of Economics and Business, Hasanuddin University
Perintis Kemerdekaan Street, KM.10, Tamalanrea, Makassar - Indonesia 90245

Abstract
Abstract - Small and medium industries have a strategic role in the national economy, especially in the absorption of labor, distribution of development outcomes, and poverty reduction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the important factors that shaping concepts of supply chain strategy, competitive advantage, and company performance. The population of this study includes all Small and Medium Industries in Mamuju Regency, Majene Regency, and Polman Regency. While, the number of samples was 210 business units. Respondents of this study were managers or business owners of Small and Medium Industries. This study used both descriptive analysis and confirmatory factor analysis as method of analyses. Furthermore, data were analyzed by using IBM AMOS 22 software. The results showed that external and internal integration were important factors that affected supply chain strategies variable. Then, quality, and speed of delivery were important factors that affected competitive advantage variable. In addition, the results of this study found that growth of profit and sales were important factors that influenced business performance variable.

Keywords
Supply chain strategy, Competitive advantage, Business performance, Small and medium industries

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xaXwLeYREn84

Corresponding Author
Musran Munizu

Institutions
Faculty of Economics and Business, Hasanuddin University
Perintis Kemerdekaan Street, KM.10, Tamalanrea, Makassar - Indonesia 90245

Abstract
Information technology is one of important organizational resources that affected service performance either in private sector or public sectors. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze important factors that influenced variable of smart city implementation as well as public service quality. This study was conducted both in South Sulawesi Province, especially Makassar City and Parepare City. Target population are residents or users of public services in education, health, and population administration in the past one month. The number of samples were 284 people. Method of analyses used includes descriptive statistical analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Data is processed by using software of AMOS 24. The results showed that factors of smart governance and smart society were important factors that influenced variable of smart city implementation. Then, procedure and service time were important factors that influenced variable of public services quality in South Sulawesi.

Keywords
Smart city, Public service quality, Information technology, Indonesia

Topic
Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MdatTZRN83Kv

Corresponding Author
Syamsu Alam

Institutions
Faculty of Economics and Business, Hasanuddin University
Perintis Kemerdekaan Street, KM.10, Tamalanrea, Makassar - Indonesia 90245

Abstract
Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) of Chicken farm is one of the important business sectors in regional economic development. Therefore, the development of its business competitiveness is very important to increase its contribution to both regional and national economy. This study aimed to identify and analyze important factors that affect variables of environmental aspects, entrepreneurship aspects, organizational resources aspects, and competitiveness aspects, primarily at chicken farming SMEs in Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi. This study was conducted using a quantitative approach. The number of research samples is 115 units of chicken farming SMEs. The analytical method used in this study consisted of both descriptive analysis, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Then, the data is processed by using the IBM AMOS software. The results showed that pro-business government policy was an important factor that affected variable of environmental aspect. Then, the ability to take risks was an important factor that influenced variable of entrepreneurship aspect. The human resource factor was an important factor that affected variable of organizational resource. Furthermore, quality factor was an important factor that influenced competitiveness variable

Keywords
Environmental aspect, Entrepreneurship aspect, Organizational resources aspect, Competitiveness, Chicken farming SMEs

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kaWvqmD39Ldt

Corresponding Author
aziza noor sheha arfah

Institutions
a. Department Agribusiness Study Program at Postgraduate Hasanuddin University.
*shehaaziza[at]gmail.com
b. Department of Fisheries Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10 Makassar 90245, Indonesia.

Abstract
Seaweed agribusiness, especially the type of Euchema Cottoni Sp, is widely cultivated in seawater areas, so that a seaweed agribusiness system is formed, where each of the agribusiness subsystems are interrelated with one another. Several obstacles were encountered, including: 1) capital is still private; 2) technology (tools, materials and ways) is still simple (traditional). 3) low information, especially the results of research and development technology; 4) fluctuating selling prices, 5) The availability of weather factors, and pests ,; 6) the lack of supporting institutions for agribusiness development such as the government, financial institutions, marketing and distribution institutions, cooperatives, formal and informal education institutions, extension institutions, Agribusiness Research institutions, guarantee and risk management institutions, So that there is no good and continuous collaboration between seaweed farmers and supporting institutions. With this problem, this study discusses the Strategy for Seaweed Agribusiness Support Subsystem Development Strategy in Marang District, Pangkep Regency as one of the goals of developing supporting institutions from aspects strategy of supporting service subsystem development, analyzing the development of supporting institutions, and developing seaweed agribusiness development. Informants were selected purposively, processing data using descriptive qualitative analysis methods in describing regional potential, SWOT analysis for the development of supporting institutions development strategies, and development analysis using AHP methods. The results showed that South Sulawesi Province, especially in Marang sub-district had the potential to be developed supported by the availability of facilities and infrastructure, land availability. The results showed that South Sulawesi Province especially in Marang sub-district had the potential to be developed supported by the availability of facilities and infrastructure, land availability which indicated that the supporting institutions of seaweed agribusiness were feasible to run, after conducting an analysis, it could be concluded that the supporting subsystems in agribusiness existed three, namely: government institutions, banking and cooperatives. These three things must be coherent with each other so that the policies given can benefit one another.

Keywords
Development, Strategy, Support Subsistems, Seagrass (Euchema Cottoni Sp) Agribusiness

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CmaKwUNBpZv4

Corresponding Author
Mohammad Rivaldy

Institutions
1Geosciences Department Universitas Padjadjaran
2Geology Departement, Bandung Technology Institute
e-mail: vijaya.isnania[at]unpad.ac.id

Abstract
Planktic marine microfossil and sedimentary analysis were performed on Miocene (14 million years ago) to recent sections in south part of West Java Basin to determine paleoclimate changes. The composite sections reveal that since Miocene, a bathyal to inner neritic setting (20 - 500 m sea level depth) was being filled by the fine silisiclastic, dominantly sediment in fluctuative of warm to medium temprature sea surface water. In older part, fine sediments contain Globorotalia tumida, Sphaeroidinella dehiscens, Globigerinoides trilobus sacculiferus and Orbulina universa- planktic foraminifera marine fauna as well as Discoaster quinqueramus, D. asymetricus, D. surculus, D. pentaradiatus, Gephyrocapsa omega and G.oceanica- planktic nannofossil marine flora remains indicated deposition in warm climate at Early Miocene (14-9 Ma). Meanwhile, Globorotalia truncatulinoides-foraminifera, Discoaster variabilis and Calcidiscus leptoporus-nannofossils as taxa characteristic of slight warm condition are locally abundant. In contrast, the younger part of deposited section at Late Miocene (5 Ma) is dominated by marker species of medium temprature climate, particularly Discoaster challengeri, Gephyrocapsa mediterrania, G. carribeanica and Coccolithus pelagicus￾nannofossils. The relative abundance of warm temprature marker species decrease as a consequence of temperature drop. This level is considered correlate with global glaciation period.

Keywords
Keywords : Miocene, paleoclimate, temprature, microfossil, sedimentary analysis

Topic
Climate Change

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gfcNE3HkPtyQ

Corresponding Author
Amanda Pricella Putri

Institutions
a. Faculty of Agriculture and Fisheries, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Gorontalo, Indonesia
Jalan Prof. Dr. H. Mansoer Pateda No.Desa, Pentadio Tim., Telaga Biru, Kota Gorontalo, Gorontalo
*email: dewishintaachmad[at]gmail.com
b. Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi
c. Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Universitas Tadulako, Palu, Indonesia
Jl. Soekarno-Hatta KM.9, Tondo, Mantikulore, Kota Palu, Sulawesi Tengah

Abstract
Abstract. The orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) is a valuable food fish. To support the sustainable management of orange-spotted grouper fisheries, it is important to determine the optimum catchable size. The purpose of this study was to determine an optimal catchable size for the orange-spotted grouper stock in Kwandang Bay, North Gorontalo District, Indonesia. Catchable size was determined based on the size at first sexual maturity, fecundity and reproductive potential. The study was conducted from December 2016 to November 2017. The size at first sexual maturity was estimated based on the examination of gonads from 141 specimens, while fecundity was estimated based on a sample of 40 female fish with ripe gonads. The mean total length (TL) at first maturity was 40 cm. Fecundity ranged from 30,526 - 1,395,846 eggs with a mean of 687,025 eggs. Reproductive potential was highest in the size range of 55-64 cm TL. The recommended size for orange-spotted grouper is above 64 cm, in order to enable females to attain their maximum level of egg production before capture and thus contribute to maintaining the stock.

Keywords
orange-spotted grouper, size at first maturity, fecundity

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/T6MF2VYPeU3t

Corresponding Author
Amanda Pricella Putri

Institutions
a. Agricultural Science Program. Graduate School of Hasanuddin University.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.
b. Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Maros, Indonesia.
Jl. Makmur Daeng Sitakka No.129, Raya, Kec. Turikale, Kabupaten Maros, Sulawesi Selatan
c. Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.

Abstract
ABSTRACT Productions and utilizations of organic fertilizers originating from solid waste of super intensive shrimp farms to reduce the amount of wastewater released to the surrounding areas and its environmental impacts, are recommended to support both aquaculture and agriculture industries. This study was aimed to evaluate growth of natural feed (plankton and lablab) fertilized by organic fertilizer originating from super intensive shrimp farm and other different fertilizers. Completely randomized design was applied in this study with four treatments and three replications. The following treatments were urea + SP-36 + organic fertilizers originating from intensive shrimp farm + isolated shrimp ponds bacteria ISO (A), urea + SP-36 + commercial organic fertilizer (B), Urea + SP-36 + chicken manure fertilizer (C) and control, (urea + SP-36) (D). The dosages of fertilizers were: urea 200 kg/ha, SP-36 100 kg/ha, and organic fertilizers (solid waste originating from super intensive shrimp farm, commercial organic fertilizer and chicken manure fertilizer) 2000 kg/ha. The measured variables were species composition and abundance of phytoplankton, biomass of lablab, and water quality. The results of this study indicated that treatments A and B resulted high in number of plankton genera, which was 19 genera, whereas treatments C and D only 10 genera. The highest mean abundance of plankter was found in Treatment A, which was 14,571 ind/L, followed by Treatment B, 9,489 ind/L; Treatment C was 8,717 ind/L and the lowest was found in Treatment D, 5,066 ind/L. The dominant phytoplankton observed in this study was Oscillatoria sp. whereas the most observed zooplankton was Branchionus sp. The mean biomass of lablab produced from solid waste originating from super intensive shrimp farm was 4.35 g/100 cm2 which was not significantly different (p>0.05) from Treatments B and C, yet significantly different (p<0,05) from the control. The water quality variables measured during this study was within the acceptance values for natural feed productions.

Keywords
lablab, solid waste, plankton, organic fertilizers, super intensive shrimp farm

Topic
Waste to Energy Potential Resources

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/PTfqAJdjHRw8

Corresponding Author
Amanda Pricella Putri

Institutions
a. Doctoral Program of Agricultural Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.
b. Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries , Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10. Makassar, South Sulawesi.

Abstract
Abstract The aims of this study were to evaluate survival and morphological performances of tiger shrimp P. monodon after methanol/water (1:1) extracted Sargassum duplicatum immersion under different dosages. Four treatments were applied during this study, which were 600 (A), 700 (B), 800 (C) and 0 ppm (D) as control. Samples of PL-4 of tiger shrimp were immersed then the survival rates were calculated for each treatment. The number of post larva for each treatment was 6 individuals. The morphological performances of larvae were observed under microscope to access antennules, hepatopancreas, front gut, midgut, uropods, tail muscle, chromatophores, fouling and stress appearances. The “+” sign was recorded for larvae with normal morphological performances; in contrast the “-“ sign was recorded for samples with non-normal performances. The results of this study showed that the immersion of tiger shrimp post larvae in methanol:water extracted Sargassum duplicatum did not significantly affect survival rates of tiger shrimp post larvae. Morphological performances of tiger shrimp post larvae observed in antennules, front gut, midgut, uropods, tail muscle, chromatophores, fouling and stress appearances were similar among all treatments. In contrast, hepatopancreas showed anomaly between treatments indicating Sargassum duplicatum contain bioactive to combat microorganisms cause diseases on tiger shrimp.

Keywords
survival rates, morphological performances, Sargassum duplicatum, tiger shrimp

Topic
Agriculture system

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/T26hKbdgQqzN