Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Faqiatul Mariya Waharini

Institutions
Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang
Jalan Tidar 21, Kota Magelang, Indonesia

Abstract
BUT (Badan Usaha Tetap) or so called as PE (Permanent Establishment) has been applied for decades as a basic regulation for tax withdrawal to multinational companies who operate in Indonesia. The definition itself has been written down in Indonesia-s constitution law -UUD 1945. However, due to technology disruption that allow global companies not to present physically in a home country, the definition of PE is questionable. Even though, PE has been redefined couple months ago by Indonesian government, the issue of Base Erosion and Profit Sharing (BEPS) has not been completely stated. In fact, BEPS is utilized globally for tax avoidance. This study will focus to Over The Top (OTT) companies which grow systematically rapid these days, operate and gain income globally. Among all OTT companies, this study will dig deeper to the most present company among all OTTs which is Google Asia Pacific. This qualitative research results a develop model to PE regulation in Indonesia and re-redefine PE to be able to cover and limit BEPS practice and in the end increasing Indonesia-s tax admission.

Keywords
Permanent Establishment (PE); Base Erosion Profit Shifting (BEPS); Over the Top (OTT)

Topic
Economics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/KN2Hf9jXwvRG

Corresponding Author
Dimas Sasongko

Institutions
Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Abstract
Excellent team collaboration in organizations is an effort to improve the quality of work to improved efficiency and increased productivity. There are many collaboration tools available now which allow communicating with friends on one team to accomplish a common goal. Recent studies have shown that the most popular collaboration tools used by public and enterprise are Slack, Trello, and Microsoft Teams. This research will discuss the comparison of feature and performance of those collaboration tools. The benchmarking method is used to find a performance comparison between those collaboration tools. Trello has excellent website performance. Microsoft Teams, of course, most user-friendly with Microsoft office product. Also, slack has most install and use than others. As a result, this paper can be a consideration when choosing collaboration tools for implementation in organizations.

Keywords
Collaboration Tools, Cloud Computing, Microsoft Teams, Slack, Trello

Topic
Information Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/4RqUuYhtfc3Z

Corresponding Author
Abdillah Arif Nasution

Institutions
University of Sumatera Utara

Abstract
Environmental performance is strongly influenced by the extent of impetus towards environmental management carried out by various agencies, especially agencies government. Environmental performance will also be achieved at a high level if the company proactively undertakes various environmental management actions in a controlled manner. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of performance environment on economic performance. Data were analyzed using regression multiple. The data used in this study comes from annual reports registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and PROPER in 2016-2018. Results this research shows that environmental performance has a significant effect on economic performance. The company is expected to pay attention to the completeness of the disclosure items environmental performance that needs to be disclosed in a sustainable report. This will certainly make it easier for investors to assess the companys performance.

Keywords
Environmental ability, economic ability,

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/rPHy6M4KdDZ3

Corresponding Author
Arie Wicaksono

Institutions
Magister Program of Energy, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang –Indonesia
Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia
Industrial Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang – Indonesia

Abstract
The biodiesel production of Palm Sludge Oil uses small-scale production machines (50-70 litters) obtained 91.30% yield. Biodiesel is able to replace diesel oil (HSD) as a fuel boiler for industrial use based on the quality parameters analyzed including methyl ester content, calorie value, flash point, viscosity and density. The production scheme carried out economics analysis includes Net Present value, Internal Rate of Return (compare to bank interests rate) and simple payback period shows this business feasible to be applied

Keywords
Palm Sludge oil, Biodiesel, Techno Economic

Topic
Energy Conservation and Efficiency

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/v6UZG9LmbyNX

Corresponding Author
Erryana Martati

Institutions
Faculty of Agricultural Technology Universitas Brawijaya Malang Indonesia

Abstract
Myrmecodia pendans (MP) is an epiphytic plant which is popular in Papua Indonesia. Local people called it sarang semut (ant-nest) and use MP extract as traditional medicines by boiling it in the water and drink it to treat several diseases such as ascaris, cold, hemorrhoids, and cancer. Some studies showed that MP showed inhibiting the growth of ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV-3), Hela dan MCM-B2 cells; antibacterial agents against Enterobacter faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Dried Papuan MP had characteristic as follows: moisture content of 16.2%; total phenol of 35.7 mg GAE/g; antioxidant activity of 30.6% and tannins content of 31.3 mg TAE/g. Ethanolic extract of MP contained total phenol of 107.0 mg GAE/g, antioxidant activity of 70.2% and tannins of 54.3 mg TAE/g. Condensed tannins identified by LC-MS/MS in MP ethanolic extract were procyanidin A, procyanidin B and procyanidin C. Tannins were known as antibacterial agents. The content of bioactive compounds in MP extract including tannins has potential as nutraceutical sources for immunomudulatory agents. Studies of the role of MP extract in triggering immune system to prevent and/or treat animal experimental infected with E coli were necessary to be done.

Keywords
sarang semut; Myrmecodia pendans; immunomodulator; E coli; nutraceutical

Topic
Health, Medicine, and Public Health

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xbza6ve4RZ8G

Corresponding Author
Nindya Putri Pamungkas

Institutions
(1)Center for Public Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, (2)Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), Indonesia

Abstract
Background: Provision of early initiation of breastfeeding in health care facilities by applying ten steps to successful breastfeeding (STSB) is formally regulated; however, its implementation is still facing many problems. This study aimed to assess the implementation of 10 STSB in various health care facilities in East Java. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a total sample of 372 respondents consist of 242 health facility managers and 130 post-partum mothers for data validation was conducted from February until April 2019 in five districts in East Java covering Bondowoso, Jember, Probolinggo, Surabaya and Trenggalek. Data collected through questionnaire adapted from BFHI Unicef/WHO using Epicollect5 application. Results: The compliance of all steps in 10 STSB policy in the health care facilities at the five districts was below 30%. The criteria presented high compliance were step 8 (encouraging mother to breastfeed) and step 9 (breastfeeding support group) with mean compliance of 93% and 82% respectively. While the reminding implementation of other steps showed low conformity, the step 1 (written policy), step 2 (training to medical and nonmedical staff), step 4 (skin to skin contact), and step 7 (rooming-in practice) showed mean compliance of only 40.2%, 44.7%, 20.8% and 28.5% respectively. Regarding the validation result, some criteria pointed significance difference namely in step 3 (breastfeeding information), step 4 (skin to skin contact) and step 7 (rooming-in practice) where the health facility reported higher compliance compared to actual practices reported by mothers. Conclusion: Less than half of all health facilities in the five districts complied to all the 10 STSB with lowest mean compliance were regarding written policy, training, skin to skin contact and rooming-in practice. Future steps taken should be to encourage health facility manager to formulate 10 STSB policy and conduct training for staff to improve implementation of other steps.

Keywords
Breastfeeding, BFHI, 10 STSB

Topic
Public Health Issue

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/m3WJgNMkrFvz

Corresponding Author
Nikma Fitriasari

Institutions
Postgraduate Program in Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya
Jalan Veteran Malang
nikma.fitriasari[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Background: Medical errors is the first (24.8%) rank of the 10 reported incidents as a result of high prescription frequency in health care. Lean and Safety Project (L&S Project), a combination of Health Lean Management and Clinical Risk Management, is one of the promising tools to improve safety. Objective: This study aimed at identifying the problem of medication error and proposing improvement through L&S Project. Methods: The study was performed in a class B teaching hospital with 410 beds. We implement the five steps of L&S project in Pharmacy unit. The five steps are determination of triggers and objectives, organizational aspects, phases, outcomes and sustainability, enabels and obstacels. Results: The main problem found in medication errors is the rate of drug administration error by 6%. The results of the L&S Project approach are produced a special pharmaceutical safety guidance system consist of policies, standards operating procedures, and service flowchart. We proposed a new steps with the seven safety in clinical pharmacy, which are safe prescription data, patient bill category, 7 right medication, drug label, dispensing, distribution, and information. Conclusion: Identification of the main problem is drug administration error. Proposed improvement carried out through L&S Project with seven safety in clinical pharmacy.

Keywords
medication error, health lean management, clinical risk management, safe medication

Topic
Quality, Safety and Service

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/FdukR43bp2mt

Corresponding Author
Nikma Fitriasari

Institutions
a) Master Program in Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
Veteran Street Malang
*nikma.fitriasari[at]gmail.com
b)Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
Background: BPJS developed a system of quality control and cost control in organizing universal health coverage. Quality control and cost control in hospitals is carried out by continuously improving quality and eliminating waste. Waste elimination can improve the control of production cost with the result that hospital profitability increases, without reducing service quality. Objective: This study aimed at examining the influencing of waste identification on the control of production cost. Methods: The study was performed in a class B teaching hospital with 410 beds. All of the pharmacy staff were included in the study. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 30 staff. Data analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS). Results: Identification waste was found to have a negative significant impact on the control of production cost (Path coefficient=-0.683; T statistic= 16.034). Inappropriate processing and control of human resources cost were the predominant indicators (lf= 0.802 and 0,807). Conclusion: Identification waste adversely affect the control of production cost. The hospital should improve its pharmacy services by eliminating waste with the emphasis on inappropriate processing. To maintain the control of production cost, the hospital might consider to focus on the control of human resources cost.

Keywords
Pharmaceutical unit, waste, control of production cost

Topic
Financial Management

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dVPN4rBhWcyv

Corresponding Author
Sitti Nurani Sirajuddin

Institutions
1 Department of Biological Sciences, Al Hussein Bin Talal University, P.O. Box 20, Ma-an, Jordan
e-mail: abdel-al-tawaha[at]ahu.edu.jo
2 Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor.Malaysia
3Department of Socio-economic of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
4 University of Tasmania LPO, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, 7005, Australia.
5 Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
6 Agronomy Departments, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
7 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
8 Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, UP, India
9 ICAR-Central Potato Research Station, Jalandhar, Punjab-144 003, India
10 Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Taif University, Taif, Al-huwayah, 888, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
11 Departments of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
12 Departments of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, Karnataka, INDIA
13 Departments of Environmental Science, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, 671316, Kerala, India
14 Departments of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
15 Soils and Water Use Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
16 Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam Saudi Arabia
17 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon Province, Baghdad, Iraq

Abstract
In this review, we discuss the relationship between environmental crop management and adaptation to warming climates of legume plants and plant breeding, for drought tolerance. The benefits connected to the impact of the expansion of appropriate legumes-based agriculture for arid zones are analyzed. We need to two aims to develop programs of breeding and management guided to drought tolerance. The first one is enhancing productivity. The second one is to improve the drought tolerance by mechanisms of water conservation.

Keywords
Ecology, legumes crops

Topic
Animal waste and environmental technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/FKBL3kUhMbE2

Corresponding Author
Sitti Nurani Sirajuddin

Institutions
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty Of Agriculture, University of Kufa , Iraq
2Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon Province, Baghdad, Iraq
3 Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor. Malaysia
4 Department of Socio-economic of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin
University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract
The experiment was conducted in an unheated plastic house at Al- Abassia /Al-Najaf Governorate during autumn seasons of 2016. The objective of this work to study the effect of foliar and soil applied fertilizers on growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Siyff). Results indicated that: The foliar spray with 10ml L-1 of the liquid fertilizer was superior in all traits and studied gave the highest value in leaf area index (20.8) plant dry weight (40.9) g, IAA (185.85) mg kg-1, GA3 (187.2) mg kg-1, CK (178.1) mg kg-1. The treatment (F1) of mineral fertilizer was superior significantly in leaf area index (23.5)and plant dry weight (42.8) g. The treatment (F3) was superior in IAA (196.39) mg.kg-1 and GA3 (199.8) mg.kg-1, CK (196.1) mg kg-1. The results showed that the interaction treatment spraying foliar fertilizer at a concentration 10ml.L-1 and 50% of mineral fertilizer was superior significantly in IAA (211.83) mg.kg-1, GA3 (221.6) kg-1, CK (214.9) mg. kg-1.

Keywords
Foliar Application, Mineral Fertilizer, Cucumber, plant hormones, GA.Auxin, CK

Topic
Animal Nutrition and feed technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/EHZ6nwMfBTCK

Corresponding Author
nahariah nahariah

Institutions
Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University

Abstract
The addition of fruits with different levels in eggs is expected to improve the quality of fermented egg white products. The egg whites fermentation process causes changes in the organoleptic flavor of the egg. This study aims to evaluate changes in organoleptic taste in fermented egg whites by adding different levels and types of fruit. This study uses a completely randomized design with a 4x5 factorial pattern, each factor A (%) level of fruit 10, 20, 30 and 40 and factor B are melons, apples, mangoes, oranges and dragon fruit. The parameters measured were organoleptic flavors which included fruit flavors, egg flavors and sour flavours. The results showed that the addition of different levels of fruit had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on fruit flavor changes, but the types of fruit showed no significant effect. The addition of different types of fruit has a significant effect (P <0.05) on changes in egg flavor. But the level of fruit addition did not show any significant effect on changes in egg flavor. The addition of fruit types and levels did not shows a significant effect on changes in sour flavours in fermented eggs. The addition of a level of 30% indicates a higher fruit flavor than other levels. The addition of fruit does not change the flavour of fruit and sour flavours. But it can reduces of the flavours of eggs in fermented egg whites.

Keywords
Eggs, fermentation, flavour, fruits

Topic
Animal production Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/w2NJeDVzhEQU

Corresponding Author
Edy Sudrajat

Institutions
a) Postgraduate, Department of Science and Technology of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, Jl.Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10 Makassar 90245, Indonesia.
*edysudrajat94[at]gmail.com
b) Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, Jl.Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10 Makassar 90245, Indonesia.

Abstract
This study aims to analyze the barriers of farmers in adopting the utilization of rice straw waste as feed. The study was conducted in South Bontonompo District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The type of research was a quantitative descriptive research using Factor Analysis tool. The variables measured in this study were 11 variables. Sample was drawn through simple random technique resulting in 55 farmers as respondents. The research data were collected by conducting a survey using the interview technique with a questionnaire. The results showed that the extraction of 11 variables indicated that all of them fulfilled the requirements for Factor Analysis, resulting in 3 formation factors. The variables included in factor 1 are knowledge about waste utilization (X5), waste management skills (X7), land ownership (X8), labor availability (X9), inability to pay for labor (X10) and age (X11). Variables included in factor 2 are difficulties in transporting feed (X3), non-intensive maintenance system (X4) and number of livestock ownership (X6). Meanwhile, the variables included in factor 3 are storage warehouse (X1) and processing equipment (X2). Factor 1 is named the intrinsic constraints because it is an internal part of breeders, factor 2 is named livestock business constraints because it is related to the situation of cattle farmers in carrying out cattle business activities, while factor 3 is named infrastructure constraints because it is a supporting factor in the cattle business.

Keywords
Beef Cattle; Rice Straw Waste; Factor Analysis

Topic
Socio-economic of animal science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fMqTCUuaZQAH

Corresponding Author
Peter Samuel Oloi

Institutions
PPM School of Management, Jakarta, Indonesia
peter.loin[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Start-up is a firm which operates the business under five years through technology, internet, and so on as its product or process. In Indonesia, the amount growth of start-up significantly has been increasing year by year since 2012 from hundreds to thousands. It is also projected that the amount of Indonesian start-up will highly increase until 2020 which is up to ten thousands. This amount growth happens because the internet user is high among Indonesian citizen which is up to two hundred millions. Additionally, the use of internet was reported that will increase every year. Innovation is an important thing to be done in order to succeed since start-up is classified as a new comer to do the business. Besides, start-up commonly has a little resource in both financial and non-financial. Moreover, the risk of failure also can occur because of the business rivalry and other business environment changes. These circumstances force the employees to perform not only innovative working behavior, but also resilience since it can affect their mental, physic, and emotion in their work. The correlation between both variables is existed through literature study relating to them. Nevertheless, there is no research which correlates these variables so far. This research aim to determine whether there is a correlation between resilience and innovative working behavior. As a quantitative study, the methodology used is questionnaire which has collected data from 56 employees working in Indonesian start-up. The result of Pearson Product Moment shows that resilience has a positive and significant correlation with innovative working behavior (r = .572, p < 0.01). The more resilient employees to show, the more often employees perform innovative working behavior. Thus, start-up will get advantage if they can hire or develop their employees with innovative working behavior and resilience.

Keywords
Indonesian Start-Up, Innovative Working Behavior, Resilience

Topic
Organizational Behavior

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/a8c7AD2FKBPt

Corresponding Author
Dyah Erni Widyastuti

Institutions
University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Abstract
Red chili pepper is an important commodity in Indonesia. Chili for household consumption and industrial raw materials in Indonesia. The phenomenon that occurs is the imbalance between demand and supply and season conditions. This causes imports and price fluctuations. The fluctuation in the price of red chili pepper is one of the causes of inflation. This study analyzes the factors that affect production and demand, as well as the simultaneous influence with price and import factors. Data analysis used the two stage least square method on secondary data from 2002-2013. The research variables are production, land area, chili price, chili price in the previous year, red chili pepper import, population, world chili production, stock and demand for red chili pepper. The results showed that the average value of actual data with prediction data for variable demand for chili, chili production, Indonesian chili prices and chili imports were close to the same so that it could be said that the model used was good and valid with the actual data. The value of R square in the first equation is known as 0.661 which means that predetermined variables can explain endogenous variables of 66.1%. The value of R square in the second equation is known as 0.938 which means that predetermined variables can explain endogenous variables of 93.8%. The value of R square in the third equation is known to be 0.746 which means that predetermined variables can explain endogenous variables of 74.6%. R square value in the fourth equation is known as 0.966 which means that predetermined variables can explain endogenous variables of 96.6%. The demand for red chili pepper is influenced by the population, while the price of red chili pepper and imports do not affect the demand for red chili pepper. Red chili pepper production is influenced by the price of red chili pepper at the producer level and the area of planting. Imports are not affected by world chili production, Indonesian chili production and Indonesian chili prices. At the national chili price, the influencing factor is the price of the previous years chili. While imports and stock of chili in Indonesia does not affect the price of Indonesian chili.

Keywords
Demand, Production, Import, Price, Simultaneous

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/aQuvYL9TUmzw

Corresponding Author
Sukardi Sukardi

Institutions
1Authors- Department of Food Technology, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, INDONESIA.
(E-mail: sukardiitp[at]gmail.com)

2Author-s Department of Agrotechnology, Sebelas Maret University, INDONESIA.
(E-mail: yunus.uns7[at]yahoo.com)

3Author-s Department of Food Science and Technology, Sebelas Maret University, INDONESIA.
(E-mail: praseptiangga_de[at]yahoo.com, setya_ariviani[at]yahoo.com)

Abstract
Technological advances improve the human life welfare, but it also raises environmental problems such as cigarette smoke, ozone damage, air and water pollution that cause free radicals. Continuously, the results of free radicals encourage the oxidative stress that defines as the imbalance between the productions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with antioxidants to repair damage. This condition can stimulate the interference to all cellular components, including protein, lipids, carbohydrates, acids and nucleates, as the result it will affect physiological conditions (aging and exercise) and even diseases (inflammation, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative, and cancer.) To improve human health and prevent several problems due to free radicals is needed antioxidants from food and secondary metabolites from plants. Antioxidant can interact safely with free radicals, which could terminate the reaction before the molecule interference. Kitolod (Isotoma longiflora (L) Presl) mostly known as traditional medicine plant that contains secondary metabolites. According to previous research, it can treat several disease such as bronchitis, asthma, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic (Hariana, 2008; Hapsari et al., 2016). This study aimed to obtain bioactive components from hexane extracts, and their fractions from the leaves of kitolod (Isotoma longiflora (L) Presl). The procedure started, chitolod leaves were initially dried at 50oC then passed 40 mesh sieving. Kitolod leaves powder were extracted with hexane. Then followed by the chromatography column with hexane-fractionated extract: ethyl acetate eluent. LCMS was applied for bioactive compounds identification from fractions. Bioactive activity evaluation included antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory then inhibition of alpha amylase enzyme and glucosidase. The results showed that fractionation of hexane extract was obtained in 8 fractions. Antioxidant activity with DPPH in fractions 1 to 8 (IC 50) ranges from 8, 6 - 74, 5 µg / ml. The anti-inflammatory activity of the fraction at a concentration of 100 µg / ml ranged from 1.4 - 42.5 percent, whereas for the inhibitory activity of the -amylase enzyme was from 13.6 to 74.0 percent and -glucosidase was 29 - 55 percent (Table 1). Bioactive compounds in the 8th fraction were identified: benzoic acid, Sabinene, Myrcene, Thymol, Nojigiku alcohol, Capillin, β Caryophyllene, Cis Spiroketalenolether, polyyne, Nerolidol, Chrysandiol, Clovane 2 β, 9 α diol, Santilline, β Caryophyllene, Cis Spiroketalenolether, polyyne, Nerolidol, Chrysandiol, Clovane 2 β, 9 α diol, Santamarine, β Caryophyllene, Cis Spiroketalenolether, polyyne, Nerolidol, Chrysandiol, Clovane 2 β, 9 α diol, Santamarine, β Caryophyllene, Cis Spiroketalenolether, polyyne, Nerolidol, Chrysandiol, Clovane 2 β, 9 α diol, Santamarine, CICICOLIC CIC Cikanol F, β Sitosterol (Table 2). The results indicated that from 8 fractions there was a significantly diffe

Keywords
bioactive, hexane extract, fraction, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/4EXdG7UyTtfL

Corresponding Author
Erny Ishartati

Institutions
1Authors- Department of Argonomic, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, INDONESIA.
(E-mail: ishartati.erny[at]gmail.com)

2Authors- Department of Food Technology, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, INDONESIA.
(E-mail: sukardiitp[at]gmail.com, devi[at]umm.ac.id)

3Authors- Researcher, INDONESIA.
(E-mail:sudiadijmb[at]yahoo.com)

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence in Indonesia was significantly increased. Based on the data of Health Research and Development Ministry, in 2013 was 6.9%, and it enhanced up to 8.5 % in 2018. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorders group, which is characterized by high blood sugar along to carbohydrate, protein, and lipid interference as the consequence insulin function insufficiency. This condition could be controlled by enzyme activity inhibition (-amylase and -glucosidase) from the material comprised to phenol and flavonoid. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels is well known as medical plant, this commodity is rich in compounds containing phenol and flavonoid that able to medicate a lot of disease, especially diabetes mellitus (anti-diabetic plant). The research aimed to investigate the anti-diabetic potential of white jamun (Syzigium cumini (L) Skell fruit and seed extract by in vitro. The main material white jamun taken from Kersikan Vilages, Godang Wetan, Pasuruan. White jamun fruit and seed extracts were prepared using binary solvent i.e. aqueous ethanol (50% v/v). About 50 g sample added in volumetric flasks followed by solvent addition. Afterward, the volumetric flasks placed in orbital shaker operating at 280 rpm and 500C for 45 min, then extracts filtered. The filtrate evaporated using rotary evaporator at 400C under reduced pressure for the removal of solvent. Later on, the extracts were stored in sealed bottles. The antioxidant activity were analyzed used DPPH, while anti-diabetic activity analyzed - glucoside enzyme inhibition activity by measuring the p-nitrofenol as enzymatic reaction product at wavelength 400 nm. The -Amylase enzyme activity inhibition determined used wavelength 540 nm. Statistical analysis performed with three replications and the data reported as the mean standard deviation. The result of total phenolic content at fruit was about 0,208-0,907 g GAE/mg, while at seed was 0,259-1,537 g GAE/mg. Phenolic compounds are important plant constituents with redox properties responsible for antioxidant activity, and the hydroxyl groups in plant extracts are responsible for facilitating free radical scavenging (Aryal et al., 2019). The total flavonoids content (TFC) at fruit was 0,605-6,189 g GAE/mg, and at seed was 5,385-7,240 g GAE/mg. Flavonoids are secondary metabolites with antioxidant activity, the potency of which depends on the number and position of free OH groups (Panche, 2016). The antioxidant activity at fruit was 313,65-492,17, and at seed was 351,16-408,42. DPPH is a stable organic free radical, which loses its absorption spectrum band at 515–528 nm when it accepts an electron or a free radical species. Accrording Chithiraikumar (2017) the DPPH assay is a simple, acceptable and most widely used technique to evaluate the radical scavenging potency of plant extracts, and the antioxidants are the components of the plants which are capable of enacting the visually noticea

Keywords
Jamun (Syzygium Cumini (S. Cumini), Diabetes, α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vwcuZxadCgrM

Corresponding Author
Muhamad Nurdin Yusuf

Institutions
1, 2, 3Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Galuh, Indonesia
*E-mail of the corresponding author: muhamadnurdinyusuf[at]gmail.com

Abstract
The research was carried out with the aim to find out the behavior of farmers towards risk and the factors that influence it. The research sample was 100 paddy farmers in flood-prone area paddy fields in Pangandaran District, West Java Province, Indonesia. Farmers behavior towards risk was analyzed using quadratic utility functions, while the factors that influence farmers behavior towards risk were analyzed using logistic regression. The results showed farmers 87 was risk neutral, while 13 farmer risk takers were farmers. Education, familys size and income significantly influence farmers behavior towards risk; while age, experience, land area, production risk, price risk, income risk and group did not significantly influence farmers behavior towards risk.

Keywords
farmers behavior, risk, flood-prone, paddy

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/J2HutEUcmNRz

Corresponding Author
Titin Haryati

Institutions
1Biochemistry Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science,
Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia.
2Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology & Genetic Resources, Bogor, Indonesia.
3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Computer,
Universitas Pertamina, Indonesia.

Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of lipase as catalyst for biodiesel synthesis has several advantages compared to acid/base. Nowadays the study of biodiesel synthesis with lipase as catalyst usually uses commercial lipases, such as Novozyme®435 dan Lipozyme IM60. The problem with using lipase as a catalyst is a long catalysis time. Therefore high temperatures are needed for the reaction to proceed quickly. Industrial biodiesel requires thermostable lipase more. Therefore, application of local thermostable lipase in biodiesel synthesis is needed. The objective of this study is to find out the transesterification activity of recombinant thermostable lipase LK3 in biodiesel synthesis. The lipase used in this study is recombinant thermostable lipase which is over expressed on Escherichia coli BL321. A total of 900 uL (0.3 mg) LK3 lipase was added to 2 mL of oil. Biodiesel synthesis is conducted for 24 hours using palm oil and alcohol as substrates. The alcohol used was varied, i.e methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol. The molar ratio of oil:alcohol is 1:6 using 50% of n-hexane as solvent. The temperature of reaction was 550C. The content of FAMEs in the reaction mixture was analyzed using a GC-14B gas chromatograph equipped with an DB1 capillary column (0.25 mm×30 m) and an FID detector. The column temperature was set at 80°C for 0.5 min, raised to 200°C at 5°C/min and kept at this temperature for 20 min. The temperatures of the injector and detector were set at 200 and 210°C, respectively. The nonadecanoic acid (C19:0, Sigma) methyl ester at 2.0 mg/mL was used as the internal standard. The total yield from the biodiesel was finally calculated according to Elkady, et al. 2015. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The benefits of using lipase as biocatalysts are to produce clean products (biodiesel) and by-products (glycerol). Glycerol as by-products is easily separated through centrifugation process. Figure 1 shows the total biodiesel yield on alcohol variations as an acyl acceptor. Maximum biodiesel yield of 62% was obtained with ethanol as acyl acceptor group. Figure 1. Effect of alcohol variation on % biodiesel yield The results showed that alcohol as acyl acceptor group could directly impact on the efficiencies of enzymatic transesterification. Short alcohol gives bad effect to lipase conformation, but this result showed that LK3 lipase is ethanol tolerance. Therefore thermostable lipase LK3 is a potential catalyst for biodiesel synthesis. The peak related to the ethyl ester showed in Figure 2. Figure 2. GC Spectra for Ethanol as Acyl acceptor Group. References Ã, N. D. (2008). Enzymatic production of biodiesel from canola oil using immobilized lipase. 32, 1274–1278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.03.005 Cesarini, S., Pastor, F. I. J., Nielsen, P. M., & Diaz, P. (2015). Moving towards a Competitive Fully Enzymatic Biodiesel Process. 7884–7903. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7067884 Elkady, M. F., Zaatou

Keywords
Biocatalyst, Biodiesel, LK3 Lipase,Thermostable, Transesterification

Topic
Bioenergy

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JE7aUBvgrcTH

Corresponding Author
Bilal El Bari

Institutions
a)Nuclear Physics and Biophysics Research Group, Department of Physics,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology
Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*bilalelbari[at]students.itb.ac.id

Abstract
Thermal-hydraulics aspect is one of the crucial aspects that must be considered when reactor design and operation analysis were performed, because this aspect involves security, safety, and efficiency factor that must have to be examined. In this study, thermal-hydraulics aspect of the HTR-10MW and PR-3000MW (which classified into Pebble-Bed Reactor or PBR) were analyzed by reviewing the effect of wall effect using the PEBBLE program, this program using finite-difference numerical method for solving the differential equation of the system. For wall effect, three porosity distribution models are performed to the calculation. From the result of wall effect in HTR-10MW and PR-3000MW, the distribution of porosity from three different models can lead the wall-channeling which can influencing the coolant mass flow profile, both reactor core has different size which induced different respond wall effect. The study concludes that wall effect can induce the thermal-hydraulics aspect of PBR core which is so important to be understanding more the safety ability of PBR core.

Keywords
Finite-Difference, Thermal-Hydraulics Aspect, Pebble-Bed Reactor, Wall Effect

Topic
New and renewable energy computation

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fJutkqprhQ9B

Corresponding Author
irwandi Irwandi

Institutions
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract
The rheology of a material especially related to mechanical behavior is an important characteristic to understand for product design. Rheology has wide applications for example in nanomaterials, engineering design, biology, and in a large scale case in geodynamics study. Rheology relies on several physical equations such as continuity equation, momentum equation, gravity potential, state equation, heat transfer, and advection equation. The equations seem to be simple, however the application of those equations to a real case is not easy and cause many numerical problems. Marker-in-Cell (MIC) is a technique to solve a numerical rheology modeling problem especially diffusion of sharp gradients during the advection process. The technique successfully simulates the advection process for thermomechanical viscous material for a 2-dimensional case study. The model was initially set up two parts with laterally contrast difference of material characteristics. The lateral density difference of material induced gravitational force and generated circular movement of material. After the simulation was ran the for the 20-time step, the whole material moved more clockwise circulation. The model started to be stable when all denser material at the lower layer and lower density material at the upper part. The model was fully stable and become at stationary state at a time more than 100 time steps. The final simulation result showed that the MIC algorithm successfully simulated the conversion process involving the thermomechanical mechanism with diffusion error control and without breaking the contrast density of the material.

Keywords
Material Rheology, Thermomechanical Viscous 2D, Marker-in-Cell

Topic
Fundamental and Applied Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/wZepP2uy6XN9

Corresponding Author
irwandi Irwandi

Institutions
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh
BMKG Mata Ie, Banda Aceh

Abstract
After Palu Earthquake on September 2018, another earthquake have occured in Banggai Islands which located very close. The Earthquake occurred on shallow depth which caused by thrusting or vertical relative mechanism on Central Sulawesi tectonic system. To understand the tectonic system in Banggai Islands we present a 1-D velocity model of the Earth crust obtained by solving the coupled hypocentre-velocity inversion for 651 local earthquakes recorded at a regional network in Central Sulawesi. A total of 651 earthquakes were selected based on azimuthal gap, minimum number of stations, and root mean square travel&

Keywords
Thrust, Velocity, Magnitude, Inversion, Stress and Energy

Topic
Applied Basic Science and Multidisciplinary

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/XpHA2cNPdkGZ

Corresponding Author
Rabiatul Adwiyah

Institutions
Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
Tourism is a necessity for almost every human being as a form of self-actualization to add experience, new knowledge and eliminate the fatigue of daily routines. Muslims who are scattered in Arab countries and the Middle East also feel the same way, the number of publications and promotion of tourism via the internet is an attractive factor for Muslim tourists to travel. According to Crecentrating, Halal Friendly Travel and Tourism Consultant, explained that the potential of the market for the development of Sharia (Muslim) tourism when viewed from the worlds Muslim population of 1.8 billion or about 28% of the total world population of 6.4 billion spread across 148 countries. Of the total Muslims in the world, 62% are from Asia Pacific or 972 million. Based on this the purpose of this study is to bring up, Islamic tourism as a trend of tourism today and analyze the design of a tourism application system in West Java. The method used is the BCG (Boston Consulting Group) Matrix. The results of the study explain the position of halal tourism activities in West Java in the position of the Problem Children quadrant. This means that the offer made is quite good in supporting Halal tourism in West Java, only needing attention to the aspects that are lacking, namely the procurement of representative food stalls in the tourist area.

Keywords
Application, Eligibility, Halal Tourism, West Java.

Topic
Management

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ZjwGUfEbkg4m

Corresponding Author
Nur Rahmat

Institutions
a) Magister Management, Faculty of Economy and Business, University of Mulawarman, Jl. Tanah Grogot Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda 75119, Indonesia.

Abstract
Stock price is one indicator of the success company management. If stock prices increase, investors or potential investors assume that the company has successfully managed their business. Stakeholders and shareholders also hope that company management can manage their resourches to be able to create value added of intellectual capital. In achieving the company-s goals, management need a system that can control the company by implementation of good corporate governance. Good corporate governance is believed to be able to encourage professional management. The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of intellectual capital and good corporate governance on financial performance and stock prices. The population of this research is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange the period 2012-2018, a total sample of companies amounted to 14 samples were taken by using purposive sampling method. The results of this study indicate that (1) intellectual capital has significant positif effect on financial performance, (2) Intellectual capital has not significant positif effect on stock prices, (3) good corporate governance has not significant negative effect on financial performance, (4) good corporate governance has significant negative effect on stock prices, (5) intellectual capital has significant positif effect on stock prices with financial performance as intervening variable, (6) good corporate governance has not significant negative effect on stock price with financial performance as intervening variable, and (7) financial performance has significant positive effect on stock prices.

Keywords
Intellectual Capital, GCG, Financial Performance, Stock Prices.

Topic
Management

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3qtE6VvFHMeL

Corresponding Author
Israwati Akib

Institutions
Faculty of Law Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Cases of human rights violations in Indonesia began to spread in the agrarian sector. The agrarian conflict has become one of the most serious human rights enforcement challenges this year. There are many cases of disputes that develop into agrarian conflicts. This is caused by differences in the legal basis used to claim ownership of land. One of the characteristics of the phenomenon of agrarian conflict in Indonesia is that the involvement of the state will not be recognized by the control and cultivation of land by the people on lands which are then handed over to other parties. Conflicts that occur because of the actions of one party which is considered as an illegal act or violates the rights of other parties. In addition, it is caused by an unfair court decision and harms the interests of certain parties. Based on the background of the problem, the authors raise the formulation of the problem as follows How is the governments responsibility in upholding human rights in realizing agrarian reform and whether the enforcement of good governance can guarantee the realization of agrarian reform? The research method in this writing is normative. Agrarian reform is one of the efforts in strengthening the communitys assets in the form of land. One form of government responsibility is to make human rights a sign that must be obeyed by the state or government in carrying out its vision and mission. With the principle of good governance can provide greater opportunities in implementing agrarian reform in order to create a just society.

Keywords
Agrarian reform, human rights, good governance

Topic
Governance and Anti-Corruption

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dhcGLACW8gFD

Corresponding Author
Iin Karita Sakharina

Institutions
Faculty of Law, Hasanuddin University

Abstract
The quality of human life is determined by how well his life, the more prosperous his life, the quality of life he has tends to also increase, although this is not absolute, the general principle is used by several institutions to determine one indicator of the quality of human life. The smaller access and ability to control the resources in the environment are usually influenced by geographical factors, so that infrastructure is an absolute thing that needs to be addressed first by the government, both the central government and provincial governments, city/regency governments in accordance with their respective authorities. Looking at the comparison in the 2 Big Cities, namely the Administrative City of West Jakarta and Makassar City have different characteristics. The issue that will be discussed in this paper is what rights are regulated in the ICESCR related to the poor community of the city? and how is the national policy in poverty alleviation?. This research is a normative legal research, using a statutory approach and a comparative approach. The collected data was analyzed qualitatively, then described to answer the problems in this study. The results showed that the 5 rights that are entitled to the poor community of the city from the government as a form of implementation of the fulfillment of the ICESCR by the state. These rights are (1) the right to social security, (2) the right to an adequate standard of living, (3) the right to adequate food, (4) the right to settlement, and (5) the right to be free from hunger. The number and percentage of poor people and poor people nationally show that South Sulawesi ranks 13th, while DKI Jakarta is 33th out of 34 Provinces

Keywords
fulfillment, ICESCR, the poor community rights of the city

Topic
Human Rights

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kuF9xEdbwNLp

Corresponding Author
Nurhayati Nurhayati

Institutions
Faculty of Law Hasanuddin University

Abstract
In Indonesia, abortion is a very worrying phenomenon. The debate over whether or not abortion may be carried out is also still an actual topic related to the assumption whether or not the fetus may be aborted for certain reasons and whether abortion violates human rights or not. This research aims to determine the legality of abortion for pregnancy due to rape if confronted with the right of life of the fetus in the womb of the mother in the perspective of human rights. In this case, abortion is a form of conduct classified as a crime in the Criminal Code, so that abortion is threatened with criminal, on the other hand there are exceptions in Law No. 36/2009 which legalizes abortion, especially if the abortion was carried out due to medical emergencies or pregnancy due to rape. The method used in this research is normative juridical through the concept approach and legislation approach. From the results of this study it can be concluded that abortion of pregnancy due to rape in the view of human rights cannot be justified because the right of life of the fetus is a natural right that must be protected. The legality of abortion in Article 75 paragraph 1b of Law Number 36 of 1999 concerning Health which gives space to be allowed to have an abortion on the grounds that pregnancy due to rape should be rethought, because legalizing to eliminate the life of a fetus is the same as legalizing murder.

Keywords
abortion, Rape, human rights

Topic
Human Rights

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/z7CwJbrtyVUR

Corresponding Author
Galang Taufani

Institutions
Galang Taufani
Programme Doctor, Faculty of Law, Diponegoro University
taufanigalang[at]gmail.com

Shallman
Faculty of Law muhammadiyah Surakarta university

Abstract
Article 28 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (NRI Constitution provides a guarantee or guarantee of how every Indonesian citizen has the right to express his opinion. Furthermore, the granting of freedom to express an opinion is a limited aspect, as stated in Article 28J of the 1945 Constitution. Incorrect aspects The limitation used in this restriction is moral, what is moral, how is moral the basis of the limitation in expressing opinions in public? This paper tries to explore the political aspects of law as well as the challenges to blasphemy or the categories of opinion included in blasphemy.

Keywords
Balsphemy, moral considerations, and restrictions on human rights

Topic
Human Rights

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/avAJDwcEyhZr

Corresponding Author
Tuti Haryanti

Institutions
Faculty of Law Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Submission of halal certification in the UUPK which is voluntary in nature has become mandatory after the enactment of UUJPH. The existence of these rules requires businesses to apply for halal certification. Business actors who have obtained halal certificates must follow the halal production requirements. In fact, some business actors are unable to maintain the halal consistency of raw materials, additional to the product production process. This study aims to analyze whether business actors can be held liable The type of research used in normative research. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The data collected was analyzed qualitatively and then performed a encryption. The results show that the halal product process is a state command as a manifestation of Gods obedience. Inconsistency of business actors procedurally and in substance is an unlawful act (onrechmatige daad) because it results in transedental property, health and spiritual losses. Business actors are responsible for material and immaterial losses by providing cumulative compensation, so there is a need to renew the UUPK law as a step in synchronizing with UUJPH.

Keywords
Responsibility, consumers, losses

Topic
Trade and Business

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CXcWyxnKAhUH

Corresponding Author
Martinus Guntur Ohoiwutun

Institutions
Faculty of Law Hasanuddin University

Abstract
The formation of laws and regulations is the basis for the implementation of regional government that is special in nature, carried out by the establishment of good specific regional regulations. The formation of laws and regulations in this case special regional regulations can implement functions that become special government affairs. The method used in this study is a normative juridical approach to statute approach, conceptual approach, historical approach, comparative legal approach. Formation of special regional regulations, although based on specific laws and regulations, can override general laws and regulations, but in the formation of special regional regulations they are contrary to higher regulations or are not in accordance with the type and hierarchy of laws as regulated in the Act Number 12 of 2011 concerning Formation of Laws and Regulations.

Keywords
Formation of Legislation; Special Regional Regulations; Special Regional Government

Topic
Governance and Anti-Corruption

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/eVuvr4xUZpwf

Corresponding Author
Rahayu Kojongian

Institutions
Faculty of Law Hasanuddin University

Abstract
ABSTRACT ACCOUNTABILITY REFORM POLICY CRIMINAL COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS Rahayu Kojongian ”, Hamzah Halim, Slamet Sampurno, Iin Karita Sakharina Faculty of Law, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia * E-mail correspondent writer ayoekojo@gmail.com The rise of prostitution as if it does not have a deterrent effect on the perpetrators, the Criminal Code can only be used to ensnare pimps / pimps / providers of commercial sex workers. whereas Articles which can be used to ensnare commercial sex workers are regulated in their respective regional regulations. Based on the principle of lex superior derogat legi inferior, of course the regulation prohibiting prostitution cannot be enforced because it contradicts the Criminal Procedure Code as a higher law. The existence of prostitution has lowered ones dignity as a civilized human being. Disputes between prostitution activities with moral values, religion, and culture certainly become philosophical and sociological issues in building an ethical, cultured, and civilized society. This study uses a social-juridical approach. This type of research is adapted to the formulation of the problem under study, namely 1. What is the Reformulation Policy on Criminal Liability for Commercial Sex Workers? 2. What Constraints Are Faced In Providing Sanctions As A Form Of Criminal Liability For Commercial Sex Workers? 3. What is the Effort to Overcome Obstacles to Criminal Liability for Commercial Sex Workers? Conclusions 1. In the process of providing sanctions to prostitutes, law enforcement officials have complied with applicable regulations. its just that we need to reformulate criminal responsibility aimed at commercial sex workers too.2. There are no rules that explicitly prohibit the practice of prostitution. 3. efforts taken for commercial sex workers are only by rehabilitation keywords: Prostitution, Cyber, Criminal Law Reform

Keywords
Prostitution, Cyber, Penal Law Reform

Topic
Human Rights

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JVFBMfUcbKEG