Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
SOLIHIN SOLIHIN

Institutions
Prodi Teknik Pertambangan Fakultas Teknik Unisba

Abstract
The infiltration of hydrothermal solutions through structures that form veinlets with different alteration levels and variations in physical strength, will influence the consumption of grinding energy during processing operations. This research uses a gold ore vein sample from the Kutawaringin area, Bandung Regency. The sample, analyzed in the field by microscopic analysis, was tested in petrography and mineragraphy in the laboratory, so that it was found to be moderate and low alterated. By taking into account the mineral composition, especially the percent of quartz minerals which when tested for Bond Work Index samples of PO and FR codes require greater energy consumption than those of the GL and KA code samples. This condition has an impact on the selection of the type of grinding equipment, if the alteration of gold ore vein is far more than the low alteration, more feasible choices based on the most vein, so it is more energy efficient. Although it results in decreased grinded production per unit time for low alteration types.

Keywords
alteration, gold ore vein, petrography, mineragraphy, degree of liberation

Topic
Mining Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/N4wg3tPzUTkY

Corresponding Author
Neni Surtiyeni

Institutions
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology

Abstract
A composite board has been successfully fabricated from domestic waste. Waste consisting of a mixture of vegetables, plastic, paper and fabric was used as filler, while polyvinyl acetate was used as adhesive. The fabrication used simple methods of mixing and hot pressing. The characterization of the mechanical strength was carried out using a Universal Testing Machine. To increase the strength of the composite, it was necessary to vary the size of the fiber. The addition of laminated glass fibers and repeated heating on hot presses resulted in a composite waste board with strength equivalent to albasiah wood or medium quality commercial particle board.

Keywords
Domestic waste; PVAc; Fiber size variation; Glass fiber; Repeated heating

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bEdc86WNrABG

Corresponding Author
Momang Yusuf

Institutions
(a)PECVD Laboratory, Physics of Electronics Materials Research Group, Physics Department, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung, 40132, West Java, Indonesia
*toto[at]fi.itb.ac.id

(b)Physics of Materials Laboratory
Physics Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, State University of Makassar
Jl. Mallengkeri Raya, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
Nickel thin film, aimed at catalyst layer for HWC-in plasma-PECVD-growth of graphene, has been deposited on SiO2 glass by thermal evaporation method. The thickness of the as-deposited Ni films was not uniform ranging from 200 nm to 700 nm as revealed from cross sectional SEM image. To reduce the film thickness and improve the crystal quality of the films, the samples were annealed in the furnace with three different temperatures, T = 400 oC, 500 oC, and 600 oC, for three hours. SEM images of the post-treatment indicated that the film thickness decreased to about 100 – 200 nm after annealed at 500oC for 3 hours. Increasing the annealing temperature to 600oC leads the nickel atoms out of the substrate so that it leaves the substrate without nickel thin film anymore. The disappearing of the Nickel film after annealing at temperature 600oC was confirmed by EDS spectrum examination which showed that there was no nickel element in the sample. Due to the loss of nickel thin film after annealing at 600oC, we set the annealing temperature at 500oC and optimized duration of annealing. It was found that after annealing for 5 hours the thickness of thin film is about 55 nm - 85 nm with some spreaded piles on the film. The obtained thickness of thin film in tens of order magnitude is the expected result for graphene growth.

Keywords
catalyst, graphene, nickel, thin film, HWC-in plasma-PECVD

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MqxUnGtT9fmh

Corresponding Author
M. Husni Syam

Institutions
a) Head of ASEAN Studies Centre UNISBA,
b) Faculty of Law, UNISBA
c) Faculty of Law, UNISBA
*eka.aqimuddin[at]gmail.com
d) Faculty ofCommunication Science, UNISBA

Abstract
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a form of corporate obligation to give back society social welfare. Currently, several studies only focus on corporate commitment in doing CSR, only few that focuses on institution that advocate CSR. This research wants to examine ASEAN CSR Network (ACN), as one institution that advocates CSR in regional level. By this research, authors would like to map CSR practices in regional level so that in long term can formulate CSR model that suitable within ASEAN Community. The research use juridical normative and communication method. Legal science used to discover provisions related to CSR in ACN and compare to norm in international law, more over communication science used to study behavior and perceptions of corporation in doing CSR

Keywords
CSR, ASEAN, ACN

Topic
Law

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/nNK2brRFB4k8

Corresponding Author
A NIMAHTUL CHURRIYAH

Institutions
1 Postgraduate Program, Animal Science and Technology Department, University of Hasanuddin.
*imhachurriyah29[at]gmail.com
2 Faculty of Animal Science, University of Hasanuddin

Abstract
Increasing of productivity of dwarf napiergrass as ruminant feed could be conducted with a mixed cropping system with legume such as centro. The object of this study was to determine the growth character of dwarf napiergrass planted with centro and distance of 0.5 m. The research was carried out for 4 months, using 5 treatments and 4 replications so that it requires 20 plots. The treatment consisted of P1 as 100% of dwarf napiergrass; P2 as 70% of dwarf napiergrass and 30% centro; P3 as 50% of dwarf napiergrass and 50% centro; P4 as 30% of dwarf napiergrass and 70% centro; and P5 as 100% of centro, respectively. The results showed that the treatment had not significantly affected (P > 0.05) growth characters neither plant height and tiller number of dwarf napiergrass, plant length and branches of centro, nor chlorophyll. Nevertheless, the treatment showed a tendency increased by the increased of measurement interval, not only dwarf napiergrass but also centro.

Keywords
plant height, plant length, chlorophyll, dwarf napiergrass, centro

Topic
Animal Nutrition and feed technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xyf7gLjbCBVp

Corresponding Author
Kusbaryanto Kusbaryanto

Institutions
Medical and health science faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta

Abstract
Background: The rate of the microbial exposure incidence among nurses through a variety of ways remains high. Paramedics play a vital role as a medium of nosocomial infection transmission in hospitals, especially the spread through direct contact. The purpose of this research was to analize of the effectiveness of education of MRSA infection prevention and control using directive discourse with improve compliance hand washing among nurses in hospitals. Methods: This was quasi-experimental research using a pretest-posttest non-control design. The research subject consisted of a group of 25 nurses. This research has obtained the certificate of ethical approval issued by the Hospital Ethical Committee. Results: To determine the results of measuring hand washing before and after the treatment, Wilcoxon test was undertaken to these data and the value of p = 0.018 (p < 0.05), meaning that there is a difference in the compliance with hand washing before and after the treatment. The increased compliance was also resulted from the increased awareness relating to the importance of hand washing. Conclusions: The auditing guidelines for MRSA infection prevention and control using directive discourse were effective for improving compliance with hand washing among nurses in hospitals.

Keywords
: Effectiveness of Education, Infection Control, Directive Discourse, hand washing, compliance

Topic
Public Health Issue

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AbrR3MgUfWeD

Corresponding Author
Rahmat Hidayah Alineng

Institutions
a) Indonesian Center for Theoretical and Mathematical Physics (ICTMP),
Jl. Ganesha no. 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia

b) Theoretical Physics Laboratory, Theoretical High Energy Physics and Instrumentation Research Group,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Jl. Ganesha no. 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
* rahmathidayaha[at]students.itb.ac.id

Abstract
We have calculated a variation of Einstein-Hilbert action which modifying TEGR (f(T)), and include a derivative coupling of the scalar field to torsion. Its results are the gravitation field equation containing the torsion scalar and the Klein-Gordon scalar field equation. By these equations, applied the D-dimensional metric ansatz with a general geometry, hence we acquire the equation master which leads to all other unknown functions. This follows that there is no a exact black hole solution, and the general solution which is linearized in an asymptotic region is in the tangential form.

Keywords
Scalar Torsion, Equation Master, Asymptotic Solution.

Topic
Theoretical High Energy Physics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fGRYLUqnKNZw

Corresponding Author
Bilal El Bari

Institutions
a)Nuclear Physics and Biophysics Research Group, Department of Physics,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology
Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*bilalelbari[at]students.itb.ac.id

Abstract
Thermal-hydraulics aspect is one of the crucial aspects that must be considered when reactor design and operation analysis were performed, because this aspect involves security, safety, and efficiency factor that must have to be examined. In this study, thermal-hydraulics aspect of the HTR-10MW (which classified into Pebble-Bed Reactor or PBR) were analyzed by reviewing the fast neutron irradiation influence using the modified PEBBLE program (or mPEBBLE), this program using finite-difference numerical method for solving the differential equation of the system. In reviewing fast neutron irradiation, the thermal conductivity value of fuel is induced by fast neutron irradiation dose. The study concludes that fast neutron can influence the fuel thermal conductivity. The value of fuel thermal conductivity can induce the thermal-hydraulics aspect of PBR core which is so important to be understanding more the safety ability of PBR core.

Keywords
Fast Neutron Irradiation, Finite-Difference, Thermal-Hydraulics Aspect, Pebble-Bed Reactor, Wall Effect.

Topic
Nuclear Science and Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tK84FnVUdR9q

Corresponding Author
Andrey Kosasih

Institutions
(a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
(b) Nuclear Physics & Biophysics Research Division, Department of Physics, Faculty of
Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*awaris[at]fi.itb.ac.id

Abstract
The high temperature engineering test reactor (HTTR) is a block-type high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) developed by Japan. This reactor can operate with outlet temperature of 950°C and the heat can be used for the cogeneration of electricity and hydrogen production. In this study, the neutronic analysis is carried out for the helium cooled HTTR reactor with (Th, U-233)O2 fuel. The fuel blocks used in the core vary from 3,3% to 7,5% of U-233 content. The calculations are performed by PIJ and CITATION modules on SRAC2006 code system with JENDL-4.0 as the nuclear data library. The cell-burnup calculations are conducted with two models, with and without microscopic cell definition in the fuel compact. The core calculations are conducted with triangular-z and hexagonal-z core geometry. Several neutronic parameters are analyzed, such as effective multiplication factor (k-eff), conversion ratio, changes in atomic density for fissile and fertile materials, neutron spectrum, power density distribution, and power peaking factor. The results show similar neutronic parameters with model 1 and 2. The k-eff is greater in model 1. The neutron spectrum is dominant in the thermal energy. Both core geometries show similar results with greater k-eff in the triangular-z geometry. The maximum power density is located at the fuel block with 5,5% of U-233 content.

Keywords
HTTR, JENDL-4.0, k-eff, neutronic, SRAC2006

Topic
Nuclear Science and Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BYbgkPpJxrnV

Corresponding Author
Andrey Kosasih

Institutions
(a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
(b) Nuclear Physics & Biophysics Research Division, Department of Physics, Faculty of
Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*awaris[at]fi.itb.ac.id

Abstract
The high temperature engineering test reactor (HTTR) is a block-type high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) developed by Japan. The HTTR is a graphite-moderated and helium-cooled HTGR with a thermal power of 30 MW and a maximum outlet temperature of 950°C. HTTR uses UO2 fuel with enrichment vary from 3,4% to 9,9%. Neutronic calculations are performed by PIJ and CITATION modules on SRAC2006 code system with JENDL-4.0 as the nuclear data library. In this study, two models are used for the cell-burnup calculations. Microscopic cell in the fuel compact is defined in model 1, whereas it is not defined in model 2. The core geometry used in these calculations are triangular-z and hexagonal-z. The neutronic analysis includes several parameters such as effective multiplication factor (k-eff), conversion ratio, changes in atomic density for fissile and fertile materials, neutron spectrum, power density distribution, and power peaking factor. The results show a quite different neutronic parameters with model 1 and 2. Model 1 achieved the first criticality at the enrichment of 6,3%, whereas model 2 at 6,7%. The conversion ratio tends to increase during burnup and greater in model 2. Both core geometries show similar results with greater k-eff in the triangular-z geometry. The maximum power density is located at the fuel block with an enrichment of 6,7%.

Keywords
HTTR, JENDL-4.0, k-eff, neutronic, SRAC2006

Topic
Nuclear Science and Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tMpkbA9BqDv6

Corresponding Author
Robi Dany Riupassa

Institutions
a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
b) Department of Physics and Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
*robiriu[at]students.itb.ac.id

Abstract
The phenomenon of natural circulation is used as a mechanism of passive cooling in nuclear reactors. This mechanism will help to dispose of residual heat in nuclear reactors when emergency conditions for example due to pump failure. Testing natural circulation systems can be done with experiments or closed-loop system simulations. Previous studies have conducted experiments with closed loop systems with variations in temperature differences between heaters and coolers. Water is used as a fluid in this experiment. The experimental results show that the temperature difference between the heater and the cooler influences to the velocity of fluid flow. For a maximum temperature difference of 80 oC, the flow velocity reaches 3 cm/s. For single phase closed loop systems with water as the fluid used, this value is no longer possible to be enlarged. In this study, a single phase closed loop system will be further investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Tests are carried out for several types of fluids to see the effect of fluid density on temperature differences in heating and cooling. Simulation results will show the temperature distribution and velocity of fluid flow in a closed loop system.

Keywords
natural circulation; CFD

Topic
Nuclear Science and Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/74Q93N8hXbEK

Corresponding Author
Nandini Das

Institutions

SQC&OR unit
Indian Statistical Institute
203 B T Road
Kolkata- 700108
India
nandini[at]isical.ac.in, nandinipd[at]rediffmail.com

Abstract
1. Introduction In today-s competitive environment, vendor selection is considered as a strategic issue in the effective management of a supply chain. In most industries, the cost of raw materials and component parts represents the largest percentage of the total product cost. Therefore, selecting the right suppliers is the key to procurement process For many years, the traditional approach to supplier selection has been to select suppliers solely on the basis of price. Keeping in view the strategic importance of the supplier-s role in the functioning of supply chains the researchers have developed number of criteria, methods and models for supplier selection. This study involves a comprehensive review of different methods of supplier selection available in the literature and suggests a new approach based on statistical analysis on different characteristics of the supplier. 2. Methods The present study was carried out in Indian ferro-alloys industry to evaluate the suppliers- performance with respect to different quality characteristics of the raw material i.e. chrome ore. Data was collected in a planned manner on different quality characteristics of different lots supplied by different suppliers. An assessment of the existing quality status of Chrome ore, supplied by various suppliers, was done by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Duncans Multiple Range Test was used to classify the suppliers into homogeneous groups. Vendor rating was done on the basis of the obtained score using desirability function. Based on desirability value suppliers were ranked. 3. Results Results of multivariate analysis of variance shows there exist a significant difference in the quality characteristics of the different suppliers. Since different quality characteristics are having different specifications and are measured in different scales it is needed to convert them in a single 0-1 scale which is done using desirability function. For each supplier each quality characteristic was converted to a desirability value in the same scale. Combining the desirability values of each characteristics a single desirability value was obtained using geometric mean. This gives an index of the performance status of a supplier. Comparing these performance index the suppliers were ranked and the best one was selected. 4. Conclusions This study presents a structured methodology for supplier selection and evaluation based on statistical analysis considering all quality characteristics of all suppliers. This methodology can be applied for vendor selection and vendor rating for any industry irrespective of its nature of products and its characteristics. The use of desirability function converge all characteristics of the supplier into a single point in a 0-1 scale and desirability value of each supplier indicates its performance index in a 0-1 scale. Hence it has a vast scope of application. After selecting a suitable supplier its performance can be

Keywords
Vendor selection criteria, Multivariate ANOVA, desirability function

Topic
Operation and Supply Chain

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bVwrXqnEhpJm

Corresponding Author
Imam Ghazali Yasmint

Institutions
1Nuclear Physics Laboratory,
Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Department of Physics
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology,
Ganesha No. 10 Bandung, Indonesia, 40132

2Environmental Laboratory,
Subs-section of Environmental Safety, Radioecology Section
Center for Technology of Safety and Radiation Metrology, National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia,
Lebak Bulus Raya No.49 Jakarta, Indonesia, 12440

Abstract
Apart from nuclear reactors, natural radiation sources contribute to the radiation received by humans. One of them is internal radiation due to the process of entry of food into the human body. There are some food ingredients that naturally emit natural radiation such as meat, milk, etc. West Java is one of the biggest cows milk producers in Indonesia. Therefore testing of cow’s milk produced is needed so that it can be seen how much natural radiation enters the human body from milk. In this study several milk samples were taken from a large farm in Lembang. The sample came from three different cowsheds. Then, it measured using an ORTEC gamma spectrometer with HPGe detector. Radionuclides observed in this study were K-40 and Ra-226. Based on measurement results, the natural radioactivity contained in cows milk is below the permissible standard and safe for consumption.

Keywords
Cow’s Milk Samples, Gamma Spectrometer, HPGe Detector, Natural Radiation

Topic
Nuclear Science and Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gcLB6XxyKmUF

Corresponding Author
Shahir Akram Hassan

Institutions
Centre of Islamic Development Management (ISDEV),
University Sains Malaysia 11800 USM, Penang.

Abstract
The Islamic-Based Research Methodology is defined as a method of research that combines theology and the teachings of aqli; the nazari knowledge and the naqli; and combines epistemology and Islamic tasawwur. Hence, what is Islamic-based research methodology? How Islamic research methodology can be used in development studies? This paper will answer previous questions through two objectives. First, to identify the Islamic-based research methodology. Second, to analyze the used of Islamic-based research methodology for development Studies. To achieve these objectives documentary research is used in data collection method the data will be analyses by using content analysis. The results of this study show that there is various Islamic study which can be developed as Islamic based research methodology in three main areas of Islamic research methodology which is research design, data collection method and data analysis method. All of these are found to be suitable for use in development studies.

Keywords
Social Sciences, Islamic-Based Research Methodology, Development Studies

Topic
Islamic Development Management

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/C7twQVmp9qPF

Corresponding Author
fauzan ghilman anshari

Institutions
a) Bandung Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Jl. Ganesa 10, 40132, Bandung, Indonesia
fauzan.ghilman[at]gmail.com
b) Bandung Institute of Technology, Nuclear Physics and Biophysics Research Division, Department of Physics, Jl. Ganesa 10, 40132, Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract
High Temperature Test Reactor (HTTR) is one type of IV generation reactor with high temperature gas-cooled designed with low-enriched uranium. The purpose of this study is to compare various coolants in the reactor to obtain optimal coolant. Coolant is a material used to cool the reactor. In this study compared three types of material, namely Helium, Pb-Bi and CO2. In this study also calculated with three types of reactor fuel, namely UO2, (Th,U-233)O2, and (U,Pu)O2. The parametric survey conducted is to do enrichment variations between 1 - 10%. The parametric survey results that meet the operating targets for UO2 and (Th, U-233)O2 fuels are 5% for Helium coolers, 6% for Pb-Bi coolers and 4% for CO2 coolers. Whereas fuel (U,Pu)O2 only reached the operating target for 9% enrichment on CO2 coolers. It was found that CO2 coolers were the best coolers among the three coolers compared. The reactor cell calculations are performed using the SRAC 2006 program, and utilize JENDL4.0 nuclide data.

Keywords
coolant, enrichment, HTTR, neutronic aspects

Topic
Nuclear Science and Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xYZtnuDyqVW4

Corresponding Author
Zakaria Bahari

Institutions
Centre for Islamic Development Management (ISDEV)
Universiti Sains Malaysia 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang

Abstract
This paper aims to identify the types of economic approaches, philosophies and economic theories used in the implementation of productive zakat in zakat institutions in Malaysia. This study is a qualitative study using information from the field through zakat practitioners at zakat institutions as well as secondary data from journal materials, reports, websites and books. This study used conventional content analysis to analyse data. The findings show that the form of economic approach applied is self-serving, collaboration between zakat institutions and smart cooperation approaches with external agencies. The philosophy of economics is to use fishing rod and not the fishes, and no economic theory is applied. Zakat institutions provide the programs through capital assistance, courses, training skills and equipment assistance.

Keywords
Zakat Distribution, Productive Zakat, Economy Approach

Topic
Economics and Islamic economics

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2hUD8bajLfWq

Corresponding Author
Asmah Hidayati

Institutions
University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Abstract
Lambs fattening has promising business opportunities in Malang. Demand for lamb is quite high in the market.it is higher than mutton.One of the feeds given is complete corn silage feed.The purpose of intellectual campuss business development program is produce lamb for fulfill the needs of animal protein specifically for people in Malang. The materials are 60 rams. This program is carried out in the UMM experimental farm laboratory. Feasibility analysis is measured from 2 aspects. First,non-financial which consists of market aspects, management aspects, technical aspects, social aspects, and environmental impact aspects. Second,financial aspects are analyzed through the Net Present Value (NPV) eligibility criteria, Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Cost-Benefit Ratio (Net B / C), Gross Cost-Benefit Ratio (Gross B / C), and Return Period . The results of the lambs business development program indicate that the non-financial and financial aspects are very feasible to develop

Keywords
lambs fattening, corn silasge feed, Intellectual Campuss Product Bussines Development Program

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BNr2ZHyk9fKV

Corresponding Author
Arrin Rosmala

Institutions
Agrotechnology Study Program, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya

Abstract
Etlingera elatior or Honje are widely cultivated and used in Indonesia since long time ago as food flavouring and spices. This research aimed to determine the best hydroponics nutrition for Honje seeds. This experiment use Complete Random Design with single factor treatments, which is five different brands nutrients (A, B, C, D, and E). Data was analysed using ANOVA, followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) multiple comparison 5%. The result showed that nutrient A produced highest number of clumps in week 7. While other measured parameter, such as plant height, leaf length, leaf height, biomass weight for shoot and root, were not affected.

Keywords
AB Mix, hydroponics nutrition, Kecombrang, Tasikmalaya Accession

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/aYhbBK89MP2A

Corresponding Author
Putri Dian Wulansari

Institutions
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya, INDONESIA.

Abstract
Background: Kefir is currently much in demand and trusted by the public because it has healthy benefits, one of which is to replace the use of synthetic antioxidants as free radical scavengers. Fermented milk is a good antioxidant vehicle, the addition of microorganism during fermentation can increase antioxidant activity (1). Another source of natural antioxidants is by adding isolation from natural sources of antioxidants (2). Ginger (Zingeber officinale) is an herbal plant that has antioxidant activity that has long been used as an alternative to traditional medicine and is found in Indonesia. However, no references have been found yet about the functional component of ginger extract is added in the fermentation process of cow-s milk kefir on the antioxidant activity and chemical characteristics it produces. Aims: This research was conducted in an effort to characterize the antioxidant activity and chemical characteristics of cow,s milk kefir enriched by ginger extract. Materials and Methods: Fresh Cow-s milk was obtained from As-Salam Breeding Farm in Tasikmalaya; grain kefir from Milky Way in Bogor; and ginger from traditional market in Tasikmalaya. The research employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). This study consisted of 5 treatment (each repeated 5 times) with an interval of giving ginger extract 0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2%. Ginger extract was used methode (3). The process of making kefir uses the modified methode (4). The milk was transported in a cold condition, and was pasteurized at 72oC for 15 second, then was cooled to 28oC than inoculated with ginger extract according to the treatment and grain kefir as much as 10%, and incubated for 24 hours to allow fermentation process. Milk kefir was separated from kefir grains by using a fine plastic strainer and ready for analysis. The data obtained were analysed using Two Way Anova with SPSS software version 17 with a confidence level of 95%, and further tests using the Least Significant Difference Test (5). Results: The parameter measured in this study were antioxidant activity (DPPH and total polyphenol levels) and chemical characteristics (alcohol content, free fatty acids, lactic acid levels and pH). The result showed that the addition of ginger extract had no effect on alcohol levels, free fatty acids, lactid acid levels, and pH but were able to increase antioxidant activity (DPPH) and total polyphenol levels. The average alcohol content, free fatty acids, lactid acid levels and pH in this study were 1.42 g/dl, 0.5503 mg/KOH, 1.0005% and 4.42 fulfilling kefir quality requirements set by Codex Stan 243-2003. The more addition of ginger extract (0-2%) to the manufacture of kefir, the higer the antioxidant activity (DPPH) and the total phenolics levels. Conclusion: Conclusion on this study is the addition of ginger extract in fermentation cow-s milk kefir can increase antioxidant activity and total polyphenol levels, without affecting its chemical characteristics.

Keywords
Antioxidant; Chemical Characteristics; Cow-s Milk; Ginger Extract; Kefir; and Total Phenol.

Topic
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DKWpAjrNcd8B

Corresponding Author
Kohei YAMANOI

Institutions
Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University

Abstract
For decades, nuclear fusion has been studied in key research institutions all over the world. Understanding the dynamics of the imploded fusion-plasma is a key issue in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. Scattered-neutron diagnostics is one of the most desirable methods in studying the fuel aerial density of the imploded plasma.　In this method, a sufficiently fast-response neutron scintillator is necessary for time-of-flight measurement. We report the optical properties of rare-earth (RE) -doped APLF [20Al(PO3)3-80LiF] glasses as fast-response scintillators. The optical properties were characterized using photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation of the Pr3+- and Ce3+-doped APLF glass samples for doping concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 3.0 mol%. The APLF glass doped with Pr3+ revealed rich emission bands under 180, 217, and 430-440 nm excitations. The broad emission from 228 to 371 nm for both excitations were assigned to the interconfigurational 4f5d and intraconfigurational 4f transitions of Pr3+ ions. The intensity of the emission peaks was observed to increase as a result of increasing Pr3+ concentration. In contrast, the APLF glass doped with Ce3+ exhibited intense emission at 340 nm under 240 to 400 nm excitation which originated from the 4f5d transition of Ce3+ ions. There was no fluorescence from 4f transitions, but the strong emission peak at 340 nm was shifted to shorter wavelengths with decreasing Ce3+ concentration. The decay times of APLF80+Pr3+ were constant at different temperatures from 0K to 300K and became faster with increased doping concentration from 19 ns (0.5% Pr3+) to 16 ns (3.0% Pr3+). The decay times of APLF80+Ce3+ glasses were the same in the range from 38 to 41 ns regardless of Ce concentration. These results highlight that the scintillation decay times from both Pr3+- and Ce3+-doped APLF glasses are significantly faster than conventional glass scintillators and therefore an advantage for fast-response scintillator applications.

Keywords
scintillator; glass materials

Topic
Optical, luminescence, Electronic Materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/K8BqcAVzQ9vT

Corresponding Author
Joshua Dwi Prasetyo

Institutions
Internet of Things Laboratory, Department of Physics, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract
Energy efficiency is an effort to reduce energy use in doing work. One technology that can be used for energy efficiency is the Internet of Things (IoT). In this study, the energy savings of the room cooling system were reviewed. In order to achieve energy savings in the room cooling system, it takes an room cooling control that can perform energy efficiency while still considering thermal comfort. In this research, a study of the thermal characteristics of the room using IoT technology was carried out. From the results of this study, thermal parameters can be obtained from the room. This parameters is then processed into input variable to obtain the room cooling system control function using Machine Learning. A cyber physical system modeling has been carried out on room cooling systems with IoT technology. This system is able to get the value of room temperature, room humidity, ambient temperature, and the use of room cooling power and store them in Big Data. Energy efficiency control is done by using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) method on compressor unit. In this paper, the performance of the control system is studied by variating the control period and set point temperature. Energy efficiency by the control reaches 73\% on outdoor temperature about 30$^0$C, the indoor temperature range obtained is $pm$ 0.4$^0$C from set point temperature value, and the temperature results achieved by the control has 0.02$^0$C difference with the temperature desired by the user.

Keywords
Energy efficiency, room cooling system, IoT, thermal characteristics, Machine Learning

Topic
Artificial Intelligent and soft computing

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BhUQLZDNJ7Xv

Corresponding Author
Jordan Al Khalil

Institutions
Faculty of Mathematics and Science, State University of Medan
Jalan Willem Iskandar, Pasar V, Medan Estate, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

Abstract
Research on graphene has developed in recent years. This is due to its excellent physical, mechanical, thermal and optical properties. Graphene is a potential nanofilter that can improve composite properties according to its excellent structure. Graphene has wide potential applications because of its exceptional properties and large quantities with low cost. However, to obtain pure graphene is difficult. An alternative, we can make a derivative of graphite that approaches graphene, that is graphene oxide. Graphene oxide (GO) is very attractive because of its low cost, easy access, and extensive ability to be converted into graphene. In this research, we used Hummers method to obtain the graphene oxide. This method is a commonly used method because it is easy and inexpensive. To find out the characteristics and composition of graphene oxide, the XRD and SEM instruments were used. After the testing and analysis process, it can produce graphene oxide material which is in accordance with the standard for later use as nanocomposite materials and we can apply it in more variety of potential applications in current technology.

Keywords
Graphene, Graphene Oxide, Hummers Method

Topic
Nano-materials and applications

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8GjH7VCbUZJL

Corresponding Author
Aghnia Fuadatul Inayah

Institutions
1 Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Muhammadiyah Malang
2 Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Airlangga
3 Dr. Iskak General Hospital Tulungagung

Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) can be defined as impaired kidney function that occur for > 3 months or more. This was indicated by a decrease in Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) (<60 ml / minute / 1.73m2). CKD stage 3 has frequent hyperphosphatemia, a complication of the disease. The effects of hyperphosphatemia are the bone minerals connection and tissue calcification process. Phosphate binder was one of therapeutic options that can be used to hyperphosphatemia. This study aims to determine the design therapy of phosphate binders used by CKD patients at hospitalization services of General Hospital Dr. Iskak Tulungagung. An observational research and retrospective. The presentation data has used descriptive of the medical record patients CKD hospitalized in the period Juli to December 2017. Phosphate binder has been used as a single therapy without combination, 130 patients (77%) used calcium carbonate, while 11 patients (7%) used calcium acetate, and of 27 patients (16%) had received switching therapy. The hyperphosphatemia therapy regimen used more calcium carbonate orally (3x500mg) in 121 patients (62%) than calcium acetate orally (1x169mg) in 16 patients (8%).

Keywords
phosphate binder; chronic kidney disease; calcium acetate, calcium carbonate

Topic
Pharmaceutical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/uhFwfbeBJGmV

Corresponding Author
Amaliyah Dina Anggraeni

Institutions
a) Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Bendungan Sutami Street No 188A, Malang, Indonesia

*Amaliyah[at]umm.ac.id

Abstract
Pomegranate is tropical fruit contains antioxidant compounds such as ellagitannin, punicalagin, and tocopherol. Punicalagin has antioxidant EC50 54.2 ppm. This study aims to formulate and evaluate peel -off mask containing pomegranate extract. Dosage formulation of peel off mask made in various concentrations of white pomegranate peel extract that F1(1%), F2 (2%) and F3 (3%) with PVA and PEG 1500 as based. Further preparation peel off mask evaluated physical and chemical characteristics and stability during storage. The result showed that the F3 showed the highest antioxidant activity and had good physicochemical properties than the other formulas event only F1 showed good stability while storage for 28 days. The increased concentration of white pomegranate (Punica garanatum L.) extract had an effect on antioxidant activity of white pomegranate peel extract peel-off gel masks

Keywords
White Pomegranate Extract, Peel-off Gel Mask, antioxidant

Topic
Pharmaceutical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xQ6dchVatBAR

Corresponding Author
Maria Serlina Ansila

Institutions
1Fakultas Farmasi dan Sains, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Jakarta
2Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Indonesia, Depok
3Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Indonesia, Depok
4Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, Depok

Abstract
ABSTRAK Tanaman tembakau banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku rokok, namun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daun tembakau mengandung senyawa aktif yang dapat digunakan dalam bidang farmasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri fraksi Diklorometana, fraksi etil asetat, fraksi n-butanol, fraksi air daun tembakau terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil skrining fitokimia fraksi daun tembakau mengandung alkaloid, fenol, flavonoid, saponin, tanin. Pengujian antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram kertas dengan kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah amoksisilin 30 µg/mL sedangkan kontrol negatif yang digunakan adalah DMSO 5 %, konsentrasi fraksi yang digunakan adalah 5 %, 10 %, 20 %, 40 % (b/v). Fraksi daun tembakau memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa fraksi yang memberikan hambatan terbaik adalah fraksi n-butanol pada konsentrasi 40 % (b/v) dan daerah hambatan bertambah dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi dari setiap fraksi.

Keywords
fraksi daun tembakau, antibakteri, staphylococcus aureus

Topic
Farmakognosi dan Fitokimia

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2GkmnAbN6cDv

Corresponding Author
Dyah Rahmasari

Institutions
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Abstract
Background: Cymbopogon nardus is a traditional plant that has chemical content of citronella oil with potential antibacterial activity. Antibacterial peel-off mask is very easy to applicate on face. Objective: This research aim is to develop and characterize the antibacterial peel-off mask gel containing citronella oil. Method: This study used an experimental method. The peel-off mask was formulated using 8%, 10%, and 12% of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a gelling agent. Evaluation of peel-off mask including physical characteristics (organoleptic, homogeneity, viscosity, spreadability, film drying time), chemical characteristic (pH value), stability and antibacterial activity. Result: The organoleptic properties showed that the citronella oil peel-off gel mask was white, aromatic and had a soft texture. The variation in PVA affects the pH value, viscosity and film drying time of the peel-off mask, significantly. Stability test showed that all peel-off mask was no significant changes physically in the freeze-thaw method, but there was some color change and phase separation in the real-time method. The peel-off mask containing citronella oil using 8% PVA has the highest inhibition against Propionibacterium acnes almost the same with the positive control (clindamycin gel). Conclusion: Variation concentration of PVA in the formula was affected on the physical and chemical characteristics and antibacterial activity of the citronella oil peel-off mask gel, significantly. The preparation using 8% PVA gives the best formula with optimal results.

Keywords
citronella oil; peel off mask gel; stability; antibacterial activity

Topic
Pharmaceutical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/j9hwGLTEzdKX

Corresponding Author
Sitti Mutia Mawaddah

Institutions
1Fakultas Farmasi dan Sains, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Jakarta
2Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Indonesia, Depok
3Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Indonesia, Depok
4Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, Depok.

Abstract
Daun tembakau mengandung senyawa alkaloid, utamanya adalah nikotin yang saat ini merupakan bahan baku pembuatan rokok. Selain itu, daun tembakau juga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antibakteri, antijamur dan bioinsektisida. Perbedaan pelarut yang digunakan dalam fraksinasi akan mempengaruhi kelarutan senyawa dan menyebabkan perbedaan jumlah alkaloid yang diperoleh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar alkaloid total dalam fraksi daun tembakau. Hasil skrining fitokimia fraksi daun tembakau mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, fenol, saponin, tanin. Penetapan kadar alkaloid total menggunakan metode gravimetri pada fraksi diklorometana, etil asetat, n-butanol, dan air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar alkaloid yang terkandung dalam fraksi daun tembakau yang paling besar pada fraksi diklorometana sebesar 32,3926%, disusul fraksi etil asetat sebesar 21,6085%, fraksi n-butanol sebesar 18,5284%, dan yang paling rendah yaitu fraksi air sebesar 12,6654%.

Keywords
Fraksi Diklorometana, Fraksi etil asetat, Fraksi n-butanol, Fraksi Air, Alkaloid Total

Topic
Farmakognosi dan Fitokimia

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/nzXt6MDLFj8E

Corresponding Author
Teodhora Teodhora

Institutions
Institut Sains dan Teknologi Nasional, Fakultas Farmasi, Institut Sains dan Teknologi Nasional, Jl. M. Kahfi II, Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan

Abstract
Physalis angulata L. merupakan tanaman yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan variasi basis HPMC terhadap mutu fisik gel dan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa, selain itu untuk mengetahui konsentrasi basis HPMC yang sesuai dalam gel ekstrak daun Physalis angulata L. untuk memperoleh gel dengan mutu fisik dan aktivitas antibakteri yang diharapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gel ekstrak daun Physalis angulata L. pada penggunaan variasi basis HPMC tidak mempengaruhi mutu fisik organoleptik, homogenitas, pH dan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan mempengaruhi mutu fisik viskositas, dan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Gel ekstrak daun Physalis angulata L. dengan menggunakan konsentrasi HPMC 4% menghasilkan gel dengan mutu fisik dan aktivitas antibakteri yang optimal terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa, dengan daya hambat yang diperoleh yaitu sebesar 12,7 mm dan 12,9 mm.

Keywords
Gel, HPMC, Physalis angulata L., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus

Topic
Teknologi Formulasi Sediaan Bahan Alam

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/nA6vLuqfZ9YC

Corresponding Author
Tyas Friska Dewi

Institutions
(a,b) Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Obat dan Obat Tradisional,

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia. DM dapat mengakibatkan disfungsi berbagai organ tubuh, seperti gangguan fungsi saluran cerna. Keluhan gangguan pencernaan pada pasien DM selain dapat diatasi dengan pengobatan modern juga dapat diatasi dengan memanfaatkan tanaman obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pemilihan jenis tanaman obat untuk mengatasi gangguan pencernaan pada pasien DM yang diresepkan pada RRJ Hortus Medicus pada bulan Januari 2017. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang deskriptif retrospektif. Sampel berupa 49 resep pasien yang terdiagnosis oleh dokter menderita DM dan mengalami gangguan pencernaan, dan mendapatkan jamu dalam bentuk simplisia. Tanaman obat yang yang paling banyak diresepkan untuk mengatasi gangguan pencernaan pada pasien DM adalah brotowali (Tinospora crispa) 47 resep (95,92%), sembung (Blumea balsamifera) 44 resep (89,80%), kapulaga (Amomum compactum) 37 resep (75,51%), dan salam (Eugenia polyantha) 36 resep (73,47%). Pola peresepan antidiabetes yang paling banyak digunakan adalah kombinasi brotowali, sembung, kapulaga, dan salam, sebanyak 25 resep (51,02%).

Keywords
herbal, gangguan pencernaan, diabetes, pola peresepan

Topic
Farmakologi dan Klinik TOOT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7GQWDPwRxzMy

Corresponding Author
FITA SARI

Institutions
INSTITUT ILMU KESEHATAN BHAKTI WIYATA KEDIRI

Abstract
Proses karakterisasi merupakan bagian dalam menjamin kualitas bahan baku tradisional untuk dibuat sediaan obat. Ekstrak purifikasi merupakan bagian dari ekstrak yang dibebaskan dari zat atau senyawa pengganggu sehingga lebih efektif untuk aktivitas farmakologisnya. Efek farmakologi sebagai antihipertensi masih sangat jarang dibuktikan dengan penggunaan bahan tradisional, terlebih dari rosella yang dipurifikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui karakterisasi ekstrak terpurifikasi rosella yang diduga memiliki aktivitas antihipertensi secara in vivo. Metode yang dilakukan dengan mempurifikasi ekstrak, kemudian dilakukan karakterisasi parameter spesifik dan non spesifik, uji aktivitas antihipertensi yang dibuktikan dengan dugaan senyawa antioksidan dihitung kadarnya berdasarkan densitometri. Analisis data secara deskriptif untuk karakterisasi, analisis regresi linier kadar senyawa quersetin dan pengujian statistik antihipertensi. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk karakterisasi kadar air 1,41%, bobot jenis 0,63%b/v, susut pengeringan 2,82% dan 2,31%. Perhitungan kadar total senyawa yang terhitung sebagai quersetin diperoleh kadar 7,02 ± 0,15. Pengujian aktivitas sebagai antihipertensi menghasilkan adanya penurunan tekanan darah yang ditunjukkan dengan perbedaan bermakna antara kontrol positif dan kelompok uji. Dosis ETKR 25mg/kgBB adalah dosis efektif dalam menurunkan tekanan darah. Karakter non spesifik ekstrak terpurifikasi kelopak rosella memenuhi persyaratan FHI dan melalui pemberian oral ETKR dapat menurunkan tekanan darah hewan uji dengan dosis efektif 25mg/kgBB. Penelitian ini masih memerlukan penelusuran lebih mendalam dan identifikasi senyawa bioaktif yang bertanggungjawab terhadap aktivitas tersebut.

Keywords
Karakterisasi, Ekstrak, Purifikasi, Rosella, Antihipertensi

Topic
Farmakologi dan Klinik TOOT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/KxWkrczpJE38