Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Moch.Saiful bachri Bachri

Institutions
1Laboratorium Farmakologi, Fakultas Farmasi
Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta

Abstract
Salah satu tanaman yang dapat digunakan sebagai obat tradisional antihipertensi adalah daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak etanol daun jarak pagar pada tikus hipertensi serta kandungan senyawa aktif ekstrak etanol daun jarak pagar Tikus hipertensi yang dinduksi NaCl 3,75g/KgBB dan pemberian pakan tinggi lemak selama 14 hari, kemudian tikus diberi ekstrak etanol daun jarak pagar (EEDJP) dengan 3 variasi dosis 1,8g/KgBB, 2,7g/KgBB, 4,05 g/KgBB, Captopril 4,5 mg/KgBB dan Simvastatin 0,9 mg/KgBB. Pengukuran tekanan darah dilakukan pada hari ke 17, 20, dan 22 menggunakan alat non-invasive CODA,. Skrining fitokimia menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya senyawa flavonoid dan fenolik pada ekstrak etanol daun jarak pagar. Pada pengukuran tekanan darah menunjukkan adanya penurunan secara bermakna Kelompok EEDJP pada hari ke 22 untuk tekanan darah sistol, diastol, dan tekanan darah rata-rata dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna(p<0,05), jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok normal dan Captopril tidak berbeda bermakna (p>0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini ekstrak etanol daun jarak pagar dapat menurunkan tekanan darah pada tikus hipertensi. serta mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan fenolik,

Keywords
hipertensi, non-invansif CODA, daun jarak pagar

Topic
Etnomedisin dan Etnofarmakologi

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8w7HjAzFbD4g

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between Asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) on the placenta and positivity of HBeAg in the mothers serum. Method: We collected 52 placentas from delivered mothers who have HbsAg-positive serum. The HbsAg-positive serum was then examined for HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed on block paraffin sections using monoclonal antibody of ASGP-R. Results: The expression of ASGP-R of 52 placenta samples demonstrated that 37 samples were scored I, five samples were score II, two samples were score III, and eight samples were score IV. We found that 14 of 52 serum samples were HBeAg-positive and 38 were HBeAg-negative. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between ASGP-R on the placenta and positivity of HBeAg in the mother-s serum. The expression of the ASGP-R could increase the risk of HBV transmission. The result of this study could be used as a guideline for preventing and therapeutic approach of HBV from mother to child.

Keywords
Asialoglycoprotein Receptor; ASGP-R; HBeAg; placenta

Topic
Maternal, neonatal and child health

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/edaL3JU7ncxb

Corresponding Author
Vera Nurviana

Institutions
STIKES BAKTI TUNAS HUSADA

Abstract
Antioksidan alami memiliki peran penting dalam pencegahan penyakit. Senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid merupakan suatu senyawa yang banyak dilaporkan memiliki potensi antioksidan yang tinggi. Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki kandungan flavonoid dan fenolik adalah tanaman pulutan (Urena lobata L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi antioksidan yang terkandung dalam ekstrak n-heksana, etil asetat dan etanol 70 % dari daun pulutan (Urena lobata L.) yang diperoleh dengan cara maserasi bertingkat. Karakterisasi simplisia dilakukan sebelum proses ekstraksi. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun pulutan dilakukan menggunakan metode DPPH. Berdasarkan uji pendahuluan secara kualitatif menggunakan metode KLT dengan penampak bercak DPPH 0,2 % menunjukkan ketiga ekstrak daun pulutan mengandung senyawa antioksidan. Nilai IC50 pada ekstrak etanol 70% sebesar 21,434±0.13 µg/mL, etil asetat 8,587±0,2 µg/mL dan n-heksana 36,302±0,12 µg/mL. Berdasarkan nilai IC50, diperoleh hasil yang menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat kuat karena memiliki nilai IC50 < 50 µg/mL dengan potensi yang paling tinggi ditunjukan oleh ekstrak etil asetat daun pulutan (Urena lobata L.).

Keywords
Daun pulutan, Urena lobata L, Antioksidan, DPPH

Topic
Farmakognosi dan Fitokimia

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dZQfuj24HUTA

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Dermatology and Venereology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Psoriasis is an inflammatory and hyperproliferation disorder marked by complex changes in growth and abnormalities of epidermal, biochemical, immunological, and vascular differentiation. In recent days, the correlation between obesity and psoriasis has strongly emerged. Evidence shows that obesity is not only the risk factor for psoriasis incidence but also aggravates existing psoriasis. The exact mechanisms underlying the relationship between obesity and psoriasis are unclear, although there have been hypothesized that psoriasis is worsened by inflammatory mediators secreted by adipocyte. There also may be a predisposition of genetic for the development of both disorders. In this case report, a 6-year old boy with a fat posture, came to our clinic accompanied by his mother, with the chief complaint of the pruritic rashes that have emerged on his skin surface within the past three years. The calculated body mass index (BMI) was 26.46 kg/m2, which falls to the obese category. The rashes begin to emerge on the abdomen, then they spread to the back, gluteal area, and limbs as the medications that given cannot control the spread of the disease. An oral antihistamine, topical steroid, and moisturizer has been given to the patient but provide only temporary relief. The weight reduction and caloric intake limitation are encouraged to the patient as the concurrent approach to the treatment of the disease.

Keywords
Body mass index; Children; Obesity; Psoriasis vulgaris

Topic
Maternal, neonatal and child health

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/E2KhkNJQ6dL3

Corresponding Author
Mohamad Rafi

Institutions
Pusat Studi Biofarmaka Tropika LPPM IPB
Departemen Kimia FMIPA IPB

Abstract
Tumbuhan obat mengandung beragam senyawa kimia yang dapat menyulitkan upaya pengendalian mutu untuk menunjukkan ciri spesifiknya. Analisis sidik jari kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dapat menghasilkan pola pemisahan multikomponen yang khas bagi setiap tumbuhan. Salah satu tumbuhan obat yang banyak digunakan dalam jamu yaitu kencur (Kaempferia galanga). Pada penelitian ini, kami mengembangkan metode analisis sidik jari KLT rimpang kencur untuk kendali mutunya. Analisis sidik jari KLT kencur menggunakan pelat silika gel F254 sebagai fase diam, pelarut kloroform:toluena (9:1) sebagai fase gerak dan dapat memisahkan 11 pita pada sinar ultraviolet 366 nm. Senyawa etil p-metoksisinamat dipilih sebagai penciri dan terdeteksi sebagai pita berwarna ungu pada sinar tampak (RF = 0.85) setelah derivatisasi menggunakan larutan asam sulfat 10% (v/v). Validasi metode menghasilkan pola pemisahan ekstrak rimpang kencur stabil dalam kromatografi, pada pelat dan larutan selama 3 jam serta secara visualisasi. Spesifitas menghasilkan pita berwarna ungu (RF = 0.85) pada profil KLT rimpang kencur yang identik dengan senyawa penciri. Uji presisi dan presisi antara menunjukkan keterulangan pola pemisahan dengan selisih nilai RF masing-masing 0.00-0.01 dan 0.00-0.02. Uji ketegaran menunjukkan hasil yang baik terhadap penurunan jarak pengembangan dan perubahan jenis bejana kromatografi. Metode sidik jari KLT yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan untuk kendali mutu rimpang kencur.

Keywords
kencur; kaempferia galanga; analisis sidik jari; KLT

Topic
Teknologi Panen dan Kontrol Kualitas

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/mcL9dEDeXAQR

Corresponding Author
mutmainna kamaruddin

Institutions
(a)Midwifery Study Program, Postgraduate University of Hasanuddin
(b)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
(c) Department of Internal Medicine

Abstract
Abstract Purpose: this study aims to assess the correlation of vitamin B12 level with insulin resistance towards the outcome of the baby and the placenta. Method: This study used a prospective cohort study design. Total sampling was 87 people. The samples are pregnant women trimester II and trimester III. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and the Spearman test. The result of this study shows that there is no significant correlation between levels of vitamin B12 and insulin resistance with a value of ρ 0.864> 0.05, there is no significant correlation between vitamin B12 and infant weight with a value of ρ 0.107> 0.05, there is no significant correlation between vitamin B12 and placental weight with a value of ρ 0.107> 0.05. There is no significant correlation between insulin resistance and infant weight with ρ 0.845> 0.05 and there is no significant correlation between insulin resistance and placental weight with ρ 0.845> 0.05. So it can be concluded that there is no correlation of vitamin B12 with insulin resistance towards the outcome of the baby and the placenta.

Keywords
Vitamin B12, insulin resistence, infant weight, and placenta weight

Topic
Maternal, neonatal and child health

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YVZnfpjeybtU

Corresponding Author
Ika Yanti Marfuatush Sholikhah

Institutions
Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Obat dan Obat Tradisional, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Tawangmangu, Surakarta

Abstract
Akalifa (Acalypha wilkesiana), bidara (Ziziphus nummularia), dan glosidion (Glochidion zeylanicum) merupakan tanaman yang diketahui sudah digunakan oleh beberapa etnis di Indonesia untuk mengobati kanker. Tumbuhan tersebut sangat potensial dikembangkan lebih lanjut untuk penemuan senyawa baru berkhasiat antikanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek 3 tumbuhan uji terhadap viabiltas sel, siklus sel, dan apoptosis pada sel kanker payudara MCF-7. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, sedangkan fraksinasi dengan metode partisi cair cair menggunakan pelarut heksan, etil asetat, dan metanol. Uji aktivitas sitotoksik dilakukan pada sel kanker payudara MCF-7 dengan metode MTT, uji penghambatan siklus sel dan induksi apoptosis dengan metode flow cytometry. Hasil uji sitotoksik menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak akalifa memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik tertinggi dengan nilai IC50 163,38 μg/ml. Hasil uji sitotoksik fraksi akalifa menunjukkan bahwa fraksi heksan memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik tertinggi dengan nilai IC50 122,01 μg/ml pada sel MCF-7. Namun fraksi aktif tersebut tidak mempengaruhi profil siklus sel dan apopotosis.

Keywords
antikanker, Acalypha wilkesiana, Ziziphus nummularia, Glochidion zeylanicum, MCF-7

Topic
Farmakologi dan Klinik TOOT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/WvzUPcye6L2r

Corresponding Author
Dian yuliartha Lestari

Institutions
(a) Pathology Anatomy Department, Medical Faculty, University of Muhammadiyah Malang
dianyuliarthalestari[at]gmail.com
(b) Medical Student, University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Abstract
Background: Allergy is a hypersensitivity induced by exposure to certain antigens that cause dangerous immunology reactions on the next exposure. There is a new innovation as antiallergy, one of them is apple because it contains quercetin. Quercetin are believed to have an influential effect on human health, that of antiallergy and anti-inflammatory activity. Mast cells are part of the connective tissue that has the pseudopod to mobilize one to lung tissue. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of Malang Apple Cider (Malus sylvestris) on decreasing the number of mast cells in the lung of an allergic induced rat. Method: Experimental research using Post Test Control Group Design. Samples were white male Wistar strain rats which were divided into 5 groups, each group contains 5 rats. The positive control group was induced with ovalbumin through intraperitoneal and inhalation. Besides ovalbumin induction, treatment groups were also given apple cider with doses of 15%, 20%, and 25%. Lung tissue was taken and then paraffin blocks were created and stained using Methylene blue staining and evaluated with the microscope in 40 x magnification. Data was analyzed using One Way Anova. Results and discussion: Statistical results showed there were no significant (p = 0,079 > or p 0.05). This decline is due to the levels of Quercetin in apple cider can prevent Unfortunate degranulasi cell mast. However, the decrease was not significant occurs due to several factors, including the strength of apple cider, the absorption in the intestine, stress factors, and environmental circumstances. Conclusion: the unfortunate Apple Cider (Malus sylvestris) were not effective in decreased the number of mast cells in the rat lung induced allergen.

Keywords
Malang Apple Cider, Mast Cell, Ovalbumin, Allergic Reaction

Topic
Pharmaceutical Science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Pf24VkYrdvcL

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

Abstract
Abstract: Objective: This study aims to observe the effect of mangosteen skin extract on BAX expression. Methods: This experimental study was done in 30 mice randomly assigned to groups receiving different treatments. The control group received Dimethyl-Benz(a)anthracene (DMBA), a potent carcinogen, induction while the treatment groups received mangosteen skin extract with 100, 200, and 400 ppm concentrations. The BAX level from each mouse was assessed using ELISA. Result: BAX level in the treatment group was higher than the control group, except at the dose of 100 ppm. BAX level in mice treated with 200 ppm and 400 ppm was higher than the control group with the 200 ppm group showing a higher level. Conclusion: Mangosteen skin extract increased BAX level in DMBA-induced mice.

Keywords
BAX; DMBA; Mangosteen skin extract

Topic
Herbal medicine

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/djrmTtcfPH9F

Corresponding Author
Lia Meilawati

Institutions
Pusat Penelitian Kimia Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
4) Program Magister Departemen kimia FMIPA Universitas Hasanudin

Abstract
Rumput laut hijau (caulerpa lentilifera ) merupakan salah satu jenis rumput laut yang banyak dikomsumsi karena mengandung zat gizi dan komponen bioaktif yang berkhasiat untuk kesehatan. Salah satu manfaat dari rumput laut hijau untuk kesehatan yaitu untuk menurunkan berat badan melalui proses penghambatan kerja enzim lipase saluran pencernaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antiobesitas dari ekstrak etanol rumput laut hijau dengan metode enzim lipase. Hasil dari uji antiobesitas, menunjukkan nilai hambatan ekstrak etanol rumput laut hijau terhadap enzim lipase adalah berturut-turut 55.83, 26.72, dan 6.33 % pada konsentrasi 250, 125 dan 62.5 mg/L.

Keywords
caulerpa lentilifera, antiobesitas

Topic
Bioteknologi dan Molekular Tanaman Obat

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vgEKGNpDyQF4

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

Abstract
Abstract Objectives: To assess the epidemiology and risk factors for syphilis in Makassar, Indonesia, as well as its correlation with a coinfection of other sexually transmitted infections (STI). Methods: This research is a cross-sectional descriptive multi-center research with consecutive sampling. We established the diagnosis based on the serological result using RPR, TPHA, and HIV screening kit. The cases were analyzed based on epidemiological features, risk factors and clinical findings, co-infection with other STI, and stadium of the disease. Results: A total of 79 cases confirmed serologically were diagnosed with syphilis collected among January 2017 and December 2018 in Makassar, the capital city of South Sulawesi province in Indonesia. Of the 63 male subjects (79.7%), 38 (48.1%) were homosexual/ MSM, and in 41 cases of HIV-infected subjects, 25 (60.9%) of them also MSM. Conclusion: Our study showed that there were among syphilis and an enhancement risk of HIV spread in MSM groups; there is a significant correlation. Enhancement cases of syphilis and HIV co-infection between MSM can increase transmission of both infections and should be considered the leading risk factor for syphilis in Makassar.

Keywords
HIV infection; MSM; RPR; Syphilis; TPHA

Topic
Communicable disease related to women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vKEHd96WwPef

Corresponding Author
Ika Maruya Kusuma

Institutions
1Institut Sains dan Teknologi Nasional: Laboratorium Fitokimia, Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi, ISTN, Jakarta
2Institut Sains dan Teknologi Nasional: Laboratorium Farmasetika dan Teknologi Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi, ISTN, Jakarta

Abstract
Allupurinol obat asam urat yang bersifat urikostatik. Jangka panjang allopurinol dapat menyebabkan gagal hati, hepatitis, diare, konstipasi, mual, muntah dan eksim. Ekstrak daun murbei 250 mg/kg BB (M250), 500 mg/kg BB (M500) dan 750 mg/kg BB (M750) diketahui dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas sirup ektrak daun murbei M250, M500 dan M750 dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat dan memiliki stabilitas fisik yang baik. Ekstrak etanol daun murbei diuji fitokimia, dibuat sirup simplek dan diperiksa organoleptik, pH, homogenitas dan viskositasnya. Hewan uji yang digunakan 24 ekor mencit jantan, dengan 6 kelompok. Mencit diberi makan hati ayam segar hingga hiperurisemia, kemudian diberi sirup ektrak daun murbei dengan perlakuan M250, M500, M750 kontrol allopurinol dan Na CMC. Kadar asam urat darah diukur tiap jam ke 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5 dan 5. Hasil: ekstak daun murbei memiliki kandungan alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin dan terpenoid. Organoleptik sirup ekstrak daun murbei cair, hijau dan manis, dengan pH 4,2 - 4,5; bersifat homogen. Kesimpulan: sirup ekstrak daun murbei menurunkan kadar asam urat pada dosis M250 (32%), M500 (53%) dan M750 (41%), yang tidak berbedanyata dengan kontrol allopurinol 61% (p>0.05). Sirup ektrak daun murbei dapat diformulasi dan memiliki stabilitas fisik yang baik.

Keywords
Asam urat, ektrak daun murbei, mencit jantan, sirup

Topic
Teknologi Formulasi Sediaan Bahan Alam

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YpPbV6yXUcnC

Corresponding Author
Tutiariani Nasution

Institutions
¹Student of Doctoral, Post-Graduate Department in Linguistics, Faculty of Cultural Science, University of Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
2Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

Abstract
This study describes the meaning of cereals in Mandailing women with anthropolinguistics study. The purpose of this study was to determine the process and meaning of the cereals at the Mandailing wedding ceremony. In this study there were informants selected through purposive sampling techniques in accordance with specified criteria. Data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this study, sere na godang (large dowry) was symbolically submitted with the guarantee of representatives of the family of men namely kahanggi and anak boru children which is an agreement on sere (gold), and the manulak sere. The meaning of the manulak sere is that there is a bond between the bride and the groom. In addition, after the manulak sere has been completed, then if both parties make mistakes, the manulak sere must be replaced.

Keywords
Manulak sere, Mandailing woman, Meaning, Anthropolinguistics

Topic
Occupational and women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fgjrTPeMtDbF

Corresponding Author
RINI AMRIANI

Institutions
1*Graduate School, University of Hasanuddin Makassar
2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar
3Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the expression of FBP1 and LDH-B enzymes in benign and malignant tumors Method: This study using an experimental method with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 63 samples of both benign and malignant tumor tissue in the breast where testing was performed using immunohistochemical techniques to calculate the percentage and intensity of expression of both the FBP1 enzyme and the LDH-B enzyme. Following international standards, the expression of the FBP1 and LDH-B enzymes is positive if the immunoreaction detected in the cytoplasm is ≥ 4. Results: This study shows that the FBP1 enzyme is expressed in both benign tumor samples (68.7%) and malignant tumors (71 %) with the Chi-Square test results showing a p-value of 1,000 which means there is no significant difference from the expression of the FBP1 enzyme that is associated with tumor status. LDH-B enzymes were also expressed both in benign tumor samples (91%) and in malignant tumors (64.5%) but their expression decreased in malignant tumors with Chi-Square test results showed a p-value of 0.029 which means there was a significant difference in expression LDH-B enzymes are associated with tumor status. Conclusion: This study shows that the FBP1 and LDH-B enzymes are expressed by both benign and malignant tumor tissue, but there is a significant difference between LDH-B enzyme expression and tumor status as indicated by a significant decrease in LDH-B enzyme expression in malignant tumor tissue breast which is a possible marker of changes in cell metabolism related to the presence and function of lactate in the metabolism of malignant breast tumor cells.

Keywords
benign tumors, malignant tumors, FBP1 enzymes, LDH-B enzymes

Topic
Information, technology, and women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/FqjL2NAkVKxm

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Objective: To identify the problems associated with the international adoption process of the cross-border surrogacy practice and to describe its problems. Methods: The research employed secondary data, which was related to cross border surrogacy industry, international adoption data and regulation, and baby trade data. The data collected was related to Indian countries. The time period for the data collected started from 2010-2017. Results: There are many problems in each phase of the international adoption process in the practice of cross border surrogacy. They are adoption goals, adoption procedures, the role of national adoption institutions, as well as general rules of adoption regulations. There are also many problems experienced by the resultant child in the future. Conclusion: The international adoption in the practice of cross border surrogacy occurs in the overall procedure of adoption and that the biggest threat faced by the resultant child is being stateless.

Keywords
Surrogacy; International Adoption; Medical Implications

Topic
Information, technology, and women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fyVB8gpFAWuz

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Taduloko University, Indonesia
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Center for Values and Heritage Conservation of South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Objective: To explain the strategy of Bajo fishing divers in tackling susceptibility cramps disease in their limbs, crippling their life, and barotrauma disease including hearing loss, nasal tract, and pulmonary disorders. Methods: The method used is a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The phenomenon used in this study is a diver fishing families living in Bajo Kayuadi Village. The data analysis was analysed with qualitative descriptive-interpretative approach. Results: The disease suffered by Bajo divers fishermen is cramping limbs, barotrauma disease, and paralysis. Bajo divers strategy in preventing disease begins with a "paruru" (a ritual in the house before going to sea), "pakangbalapati" (feeding marine guard), "niba pinah" (throwing nuts to sea to ask for protection to the sea guard). Conclusion: In preventing the susceptibility of diseases potentially occurred while diving at sea, the Bajo divers perform rituals of "tula bale", "niba pinah", and "paruru" before going to the sea.

Keywords
Strategy; Prevention; Disease; Divers; Bajo Tribe

Topic
Communicable disease related to women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cMKgnw4WEQuY

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of Administrative Science, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Objective: This study aims to describe the coping mechanisms among health workers when dealing with situations where having to provide satisfying services while faced with limited resources provided by management of Community Health Center (CHC). Methods: This study uses a qualitative approach and employs three data collection techniques, namely in-depth interviews, observations, and documentary study. This study interviewed 24 informants. Results: The findings in this study indicate that all informants interviewed generally did coping mechanisms to deal with the conditions of work they faced due to limited resources. Most of the coping mechanisms used by health workers have a positive impact on patients. The study identifies three positive impacts as follows: (1) ease of access to services, (2) speed of obtaining services, as perceived by patients who do not need to queue to obtain services due to emergency conditions, (3) improvement of service facilities, as perceived by patients who request referrals to hospitals due to limited facilities at CHC, (4) patients- satisfaction improvement. Conclusion: The authority to do coping mechanisms is inherent as long as health workers are confident in their abilities. Confidence and sincere intentions to help others will help health workers to handle every problem they encounter due to limited facilities.

Keywords
Coping mechanisms, professionalism, street-level bureaucracy, health workers, community health center

Topic
Occupational and women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2thECBxXDQaq

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia
Department of Communication, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia
Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Objective: To examine the health development inequality in Bakaru Village, as one of the most remote villages in Indonesia, located in Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Methods: The research method used was descriptive qualitative. The informants were selected on their ability to give and know the research object. Data collection covered in-depth interviews, observations, and photo documentation. Results: The results show that health development in Bakaru Village has not yet been able to open an optimal service space for the community. The lack of health facilities, infrastructure, and medical personnel is a significant obstacle. Meanwhile, The Bakaru hydropower company existence in the village is also ineffective in helping the improvement of health services towards the community. Conclusion: This research concludes that Indonesia-s health development policy is still unable to open a space for greater essential public health service accessibility in the Bakaru Village

Keywords
Village; Health Development; Inequality; Health Service

Topic
Uncommunicable disease related to women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3TLzgC7HDM9B

Corresponding Author
Hasta Handayani Idrus

Institutions
Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Abstract
Aim. The purpose of this article review is to investigate the biological effects of TNF-α in systemic inflammation at moderate levels. TNF-α is a product of macrophages, one of the bodys defense systems that is active in the presence of a bacterial infection. Background. TNF-α plays a role in host defense for bacterial, viral and parasitic infections. TNF-α is produced by macrophages and is activated by T cell lymphocytes, antigens, NK cells, and mast cells. TNF-α is usually not detected in healthy individuals but is often found in conditions of inflammation and infection in the serum. TNF-α works against leukocytes and endothelium, induces acute inflammation at low levels because TNF-α is a strong pyrogen. TNF-α plays a role in systemic inflammation at moderate levels. TNF-α causes pathological abnormalities in high levels of septic shock, because TNF-α is cytotoxic. Riview Results. In the review of this article we get results about the biological effects of TNF-α on systemic inflammation at moderate levels and their role in the humoral and sesluler immune systems. Conclusion TNF-α has a biological effect on systemic inflammation at moderate levels and has a strong role in the humoral and cellular immune systems.

Keywords
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), Humoral and Cellular Immunism, Systemic Inflammation

Topic
Communicable disease related to women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/94DpY3gRcHN8

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department Anthropology, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia.

Abstract
Abstract Objective: The study aims to describe and get an understanding of health care practiced by community members infected or indicated infected by malaria in Topoyo District, Central Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Province. Methods: The Research used ethnographic approach. The data were obtained through participant observation and in-depth interview. Informants were determined purposively for malaria sufferers who had or were infected with malaria by using the formal health care sector and snowball for those indicated to be infected with malaria by utilizing public health care and indegenous healers. Results: The study indicates that the community members who were infected or indicated infected by malaria not only to practice health care in various ways in overcoming malaria but also to mix the elements of treatment techniques derived from scientific medical tradition and local medical tradition. The variety and mixture of health treatment are conditioned by the assumption that all types of medicines are powerful to cure illnesses. Conclusion: The cure for illnesses is determined by the compatibility of the drug and the blessing of God as the primary cause for the occurrence and cure of illnesses. It is also affected by different understandings, experiences, and information networks on malaria that is accessed by each actor and the attitude to respond to illness.

Keywords
Traditional Practice; Health Care; Malaria; Mixture Treatment

Topic
Nursing Education and Practice

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/VjeaCtG6QzDX

Corresponding Author
Trisadini Usanti

Institutions
Departement of Private Law
Faculty of Law - Airlangga University
Jl. Darmawangsa Dalam Selatan, Indonesia. 60286

Abstract
In this global era, fintech offers a fast and easy lending service for people anytime. However, the easy process can cause various problems such as late payment and default in payment. Fintech will suffer from those risks and it can jeopardise the business. Moreover, most of the platforms do not ask for collateral as a requirement. So, in this article, the authors will discuss how fintech should manage their risks in lending using statute and conceptual approach. The results show that fintech should adopt the 5Cs credit analysis (character, capital, capacity, collateral, condition) as a way to minimise their risks. The Financial Services Authority (OJK) has not regulated risk management for fintech. Thus, fintech should follow the existing model from banking institution to manage their risks.

Keywords
management, finance risk, fintech lending

Topic
Trade and Business

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/WjdGZR729fED

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Administrative Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Objective: This study aims to describe the use of discretion at the Street Level Bureaucrat level against the dilemma in Home Care services at the Kassi-Kassi Health Centre in Makassar City. Method: The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and analysis of documents relevant to this research. Results: The results of the study on the discretion of health services in the City of Makassar (case studies on Home Care services at Kassi-Kassi Health Centre) can be seen from four indicators according to Lipsky1, namely service costs, service time, service information and service ethics. Based on these indicators, the Street level desires to face a dilemma in terms of service time and service information. On this basis, the discretion taken by the Dottorotta of the Kassi-Kassi health community center aims to provide maximum service and the Dottorotta team in responding to requests for Home Care services at the same time as being responsive to patients. Conclusion: This research indicates that health workers experience dilemmas in providing health services, so they tend to do discretion to respond to the dilemmas. This study identified four principal discretions by health workers. First, the officers will no longer follow the standard operating procedures if it is considered to slow down the service process. Second, maximize the additional service response team to provide services when the number of patients increases. Third, overcome the limitations of drugs by encouraging patients to buy drugs at other public pharmacies. Finally, educating the public to use telephone services 24 hours 112 only in emergencies and not to abuse the service.

Keywords
discretion, health service, health workers, street-level bureaucracy

Topic
Information, technology, and women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/B4WTKQuECxkD

Corresponding Author
Fina nazran

Institutions
Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract
People-s economic difficulties today force them to need more budget to fulfill their life necessities. They can either apply for a loan to banks or other financial institutions. Due to its complicated procedures, difficult requirements, and particular collateral, pawn service becomes an alternative. The most frequently pawned goods is gold because it is a promising investment goods. The research problems by studying prevailing laws and regulations i.e. the Civil Code, POJK (Regulations concerning Financial Service Authority),and other regulations related to this pawn. This research is done in PT. Pegadaian (Persero) and PT. Budi Gadai Indonesia. The results of the research demonstrate that, regarding the legal liabilities of all parties in which there is a borrower i.e. the debtor and a pawn broker i.e. the creditor, all parties have equal rights and obligations that they have to fulfill in order to run the gold pawning process well without any obstacles. The legal liabilities for the gold in case it is pawned, lost, or broken, is that the creditor is responsible to compensate all loss that has been intentionally and unintentionally caused, since it is the responsibilities of creditor. Regarding the legal liabilities of the debtor, if the pawned goods are proven to be illegally possessed, the debtor has to be responsible for all loss endured by the real owner and the creditor who provided the financing.

Keywords
Gold Pawn, Gold as Collateral, Pawn Financing

Topic
Trade and Business

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/aB8RrW6HfzQA

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Hasanuddin. Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Objective: To analyze the role of community institutions as the main actors in controlling public health free from the spread and influence of drugs. Method: A case study with a qualitative approach was used in examining the role of institutions in controlling public health free from drug distribution. Data collection techniques covered in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussion, observation, and literature review. The informants were seven people including the head of village and staffs, heads of a neighborhood organization, religious and community leaders, women and youth leaders. Results: The community has institutions, having roles in controlling the narcotics spread and thus safeguarding the community-s health conditions. These roles are as a vehicle for community consolidation, a guide for community behavior, a source of values and social norms, and a rule enforcer. Conclusion: Community institutionalization has three roles in controlling health, namely as a guideline, a forum, and a public health steward.

Keywords
Institutional; Public health; Control; Drugs

Topic
Communicable disease related to women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/TcXeKmzHFRgq

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of Administrative Science, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Objective: This study aims to describe home care program as a health service innovation to improve quality of health service. Methods: The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach and collected data by interview and field observation. The research was conducted in two health community centers during March–May 2017. Result data is analyzed with qualitative descriptive method. Results: The study identified home care services carried out in each community health center in Makassar City to improve the quality of public health services, especially in the community in the slum area. Nevertheless, this home care program still has obstacles, including overdependence on top leaders, limited number and capacity of health workers, and inappropriate rewards. Conclusion: Home care program is health service innovation, which is initiated by the Health Service Agency of City of Makassar and it contributes to quality improvement of health service, particularly to vulnerable urban communities.

Keywords
health service; service innovation; homecare

Topic
Occupational and women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xJMVewC8qWDc

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of Anthropology, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia.
Directorate for Development and Empowerment of Health, Ministry of Health, Indonesia.
Department of Sociology, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia.

Abstract
Abstract Objective: This study aims to describe the lifestyle of fishermen (men) who have activities at sea and housewives (women) who live at home, which in turn affects the avoidance of men and the threat of homemakers from the symptoms of diabetes. The research also explains the formation of the division of roles the socio-economic of the fishing community in the context of its socio-cultural influence. Method: This research employs a qualitative ethnographic method which was located in Bontosua Village, Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Results: The results show that the strict social and economic division between men and women is based on the perception of maritime culture that understood the sea as a dangerous environment and working with heavy and complicated technology. To adapt to the conditions of nature and work, then, men who are assumed to be physically active at sea, while since women are physically weak so they live on land to do a variety of jobs that are relatively light and safe mainly domestic matters. Conclusion: For women, the lack of activity at home provides an opportunity to consume various kinds of favorite foods, including those that have the value and cultural meaning (Buginese, Makassar ethnicities) without realize that these foods are classified as high-risk foods that cause diabetes.

Keywords
Diabetes; Fishermen; Foods Polarization.

Topic
Information, technology, and women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/z7FDPQ2EMCmU

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of Communication. Faculty Social and Political Science, Hasanuddin University. Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Objective. This study aims to categorize and analyze cases of psychosocial challenges to patriarchal cultural communities in the Family Planning health program in West Sulawesi. Method. Research using qualitative methods through a case study approach. The informants chosen were three Family Planning counselors and ten infertile couples. Data collection techniques were carried out through non-participant observation and in-depth interviews.. Data analysis uses a three-step interactive model, namely first; data condensation, data display, conclusion drawing and verification. Results. This study found a categorization of three cases based on the psychosocial challenges of the patriarchal culture community in the implementation of the Family Planning health program. The first factor, internal barriers within women who oppose using contraceptives, fear of side effects due to direct ego involvement in the use of contraceptives. External factors, perceptions and attitudes of husbands, as well as family environments and reference groups. The dominant factor is culture and religion towards the implementation of the Family Planning program. Conclusion. Psychosocial challenges in patriarchal cultural societies are still dominant due to cultural and religious factors. Furthermore, there are factors internal challenges and external challenges also affect the acceptance of Government programs through Family Planning to reduce the population.

Keywords
Psychosocial Challenges, Family Planning Health, Patriarchal Culture,West Sulawesi.

Topic
Information, technology, and women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vUhzNqLAPmjD

Corresponding Author
Jumrah S

Institutions
a. Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University
*jumrah.mega.rezky[at]gmail.com
b. Midwifery Departemen, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Megarezky University
c. Midwife Proffesion, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Megarezky University
d. Midwifery Departemen, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Megarezky University

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of kinds of degenerative disease that get increasing every years in countries in whole world. Main symptoms of diabetes mellitus are signified by increasing of blood glucose so that it is needed the effort to reduce it by natural ingredient. The increasing of diabetes mellitus risk to the menopouse women because of metabolic changes that happen when they are menopouse period. This research aimed to prove that natural ingredient of sappan wood decoction can reduce blood sugar level to diabetes mellitus suffers especially menopouse women who had high risk. This research used quantitative research method with pre post test design planning in one treatment group. It was obtained the result of suffers- blood glucose level before and after giving threatment (decoction of sappan wood) by using this method. The number of sample was 30 respondents (suffers- diabetes mellitus). Result of paired sample t test was obtained p = 0.005 < α = 0.05. it meant that Ho was rejected or there is effectivity decoction of sappan wood towards reducing blood glucose level to menopouse women with diabetes mellitus in 2018 of Makassar city.

Keywords
blood glucose level, decoction of sappan wood, menopouse women

Topic
Herbal medicine

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/TdVkEqNncvh9

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Faculty of Nursing, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Medica Farma Husada Polytechnic, Mataram, Indonesia
Department of Nursing, Islamic State University Alauddin, Makassar, Indonesia
Stella Maris College of Health Sciences, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Objective: The research aimed to investigate differences in foot care practice between participants at risk for and with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Methods: The study design was quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 150 participants included in this study. Participants at risks for DFUs were measured using the 10g Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments for detecting neuropathy and the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) Doppler for diabetic angiopathy. Data analyzed using chi-squared and Fishers exact tests. Results: There were significant differences in foot care between the risk for DFUs and DFUs groups, especially for foot washing, footwear inspection, and footwear usage domains (p< 0.01). Those in the risk for DFUs group were more frequent and better in conducting foot care than those in the DFUs group. Conclusions: Performing routine foot care practices among people diagnosed with diabetes are essential for preventing the development and infection of DFUs.

Keywords
Diabetic foot care; Diabetic foot ulcer; Foot care; Foot Ulcers; Risk for DFUs.

Topic
Nutrition and Quality of life

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/w8DrKGRyuBQp

Corresponding Author
Nurrahmi Umami

Institutions
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlation between gadget usage and the tension of cervical muscles in the gamers community. Methods: This study is an analytical study using a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted at the Game Play Unknown Battleground (PUBG) Community in Makassar. Forty people (n=40) were included in the present study. Data including age, gender, and intensity (duration) of gadget usage, were collected using a questionnaire. Cervical muscle tension was assessed by palpation test and using goniometer. Results: The relationship between the intensity of gadget usage in-game players and cervical muscle tension were found statistically significant (p<0.05). In addition, we assume that age plays a role in the development of cervical muscle tension (p<0.05). Conclusion: The intensity of gadget usage and age have a positive correlation with the development of cervical muscle tension in-game players.

Keywords
Gadget usage; cervical muscle tension; game player

Topic
Information, technology, and women

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/zpLFrQkTtye9